Garlic is widely grown, what are the diseases of garlic?

Common diseases of garlic include leaf blight and gray mold, both of which are fungal diseases.

The prevention and control of leaf blight should be carried out in three steps: scientific field management and spraying fungicide solution

1) In the stage of seed selection and seedling, the main thing is to improve the disease resistance of plants.

2) Remove the diseased plants after harvesting in time, and bury or burn them deep after collection.

3) Spray with 50% carbendazim 800 times liquid, or 75 chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times night, or 70 mancozeb wettable powder 500 times spray, and 16 grams of water per mu for 30 kg of water spraying on vegetable plots.

Botrytis cantrytis causes garlic petioles and underground garlic heads to rot, which generally occurs in the middle and late stages of garlic growth, and the main damage is manifested on the leaves。At the onset of the disease, there will be water-stained lesions on the leaves, and then become gray-brown or white, and the lesions will expand in the later stage of the disease, forming gray-fusiform or oval-shaped gray-white spots, and in severe cases, the whole leaf surface will generate a gray-brown villous mold layer, and then the leaves will dry up, the root system is unstable, and the garlic can be pulled out of the ground with a little force. The pathogen overwinters in the form of hyphae attached to the soil or diseased remains.

To prevent and control gray mold, we must first strengthen scientific field management, reasonable dense planting, keep garlic fields well ventilated, pay attention to moisture, and drain waterlogging in time after rain. Then, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were added to the vegetable fields to improve the disease resistance of the plants. Go to the vegetable field to observe the growth trend of garlic, and find that the disease is sprayed with 70 mancozeb wettable powder 500 times or 50% carbendazim 800 times.

For garlic, common pests include root maggots, allium thrips, leaf miners, grubs, etc.

To kill underground pests, you can use well-rotted organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, according to 90 crystalline trichlorfon 750 grams mixed with 50 kg of water to make a solution, and then mixed with 750 kg of manure in the proportion of application. Garlic seeds and fertilizers should be separated from each other at an appropriate distance and should not be in direct contact to avoid seed burning and seedling burning. Before sowing, press 100::10 garlic cloves, dimethoate emulsion and water

3. The weight ratio is mixed for sterilization and disinfection to improve the ability of garlic seeds to resist diseases and insects.

In view of the living habits of garlic maggots like moisture and are afraid of dryness, they can also be mixed with 2 kg of trichlorfon powder per mu and 25 kg of fine dry soil to stir evenly and sprinkle them in the ditch or around the garlic roots, maggots are afraid of dry environment, and 150 kg of grass ash can be applied per mu along the ditch for control. In the larval stage of garlic maggot, the garlic can be irrigated once a week with 1500 times of net or 48% Lesben emulsifiable concentrate or 50% phoxanthion 800 times or 90% trichlorfon 1000 times of liquid to irrigate the roots of garlic for 3 times. In the adult stage of root maggots, sweet and sour solution can be used as bait to kill.

Use 2 parts of sugar, 2 parts of vinegar, mix a small amount of water and trichlorfon to make a solution, and put it in a pot in the field to trap it. It can also be sprayed with pesticides, such as dichlorvos 50 or phosphine 50 phosphine 1000 times, to eliminate adult worms.

In case of other insect pests such as allium thrips and leaf miners, corresponding insecticide sprays can be used for control.

For example, leaf blight, mosaic disease, purple spot, rust, and soft rot, etc., and it is necessary to strengthen field management at ordinary times, and it is necessary to spray pesticides in time.

There are purple spot, leaf blight, rust, mosaic disease, bacterial soft rot, these are all more serious.

Soft rot and garlic blight, these two diseases are the most common, and the harm to garlic is also quite large, so it will always be a headache for farmers.

The main diseases of garlic are purple spot, leaf blight, rust, mosaic disease, bacterial soft rot, etc.

Its integrated prevention and control technologies are:

1) Selected garlic species: as far as possible, use detoxified garlic, disease-resistant garlic, disease-free and robust garlic species, select garlic species before sowing, and use "Tianda-2116" (special type for soaking and dressing) 2 bags per mu, mixed with kilograms of water, and evenly spray garlic seeds.

2) Crop rotation planting: choose loam or sandy loam land with flat terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, rich soil organic matter, strong water and fertilizer retention ability to plant garlic, and avoid continuous cropping or heavy stubble with lily crops such as onion and garlic. Insist on alternating planting garlic with wheat, corn and other grasses to reduce the occurrence of diseases.

3) Clean the field: After the garlic is harvested, remove the diseased leaves, stems and other residues and films in the field in time, and turn the soil more than 25cm deep to eliminate the residual germs in the soil. Before sowing garlic, it is necessary to turn the soil deeply, dry it for more than 15 days, reduce the number of soil residual pathogen groups, and increase the application of organic fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and micro fertilizer to improve the nutritional level of garlic, promote the health of seedlings, and improve disease resistance.

4) Mulching reduces soil moisture evaporation, increases ground temperature, reduces the number of irrigation and the chance of germ transmission.

Garlic planting to control pests and diseases: mainly maggots, allium thrips and leaf miners, before garlic sowing, to turn the soil deeply, dry for more than 15 days, reduce the number of soil residual pests and diseases. The base fertilizer should be fully decomposed, eliminate the eggs in the manure and avoid the adult worms from laying eggs.

Garlic should be watered in time during the mother rot period, combined with irrigation and ammonia bicarbonate to reduce the egg laying of adults. Let's take a look at the three main pest control techniques!

1. Maggots: larvae of flies such as onion flies drill into the ground to burrow garlic bulb disc parts or false stems, causing rot and mildew, wilting of the aboveground parts, yellowing of leaf tips or yellowing of the whole plant, and death. During the adult occurrence period, 48% chlorpyrifos EC 2000 times or deltamethrin EC 3000 times can be sprayed for control.

During the peak spawning period, 90% crystal trichlorfon 500 times or 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 600 times can be sprayed on the compost pile. During the larval damage period, 75% fly amine wettable powder, 40% phosphine emulsifiable concentrate, 48% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate, 5% flubellura emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times liquid can be used for root irrigation.

2. Allium thrips: often occurs in the warm and dry season, and occurs 6 to 10 generations a year. Adults and nymphs are long, small, yellowish or dark brown in color, and suck the sap on the leaves and sheaths of garlic, causing the leaves to fade green.

It can be sprayed with avermectin EC 2500 3000 times, or 20% fenvalerate EC 2000-3000 times.

3. Leaf miner fly: generally occurs in 4 generations a year, overwintering in the leaves of the host plant with larvae or pupa. The larvae are mostly harmed in the late autumn and April of the following year, sneaking into the leaves to feed on the mesophyll, causing the leaf surface to appear gray-white curved submersible channels.

During the growth period of garlic, the damaged leaves in the field should be removed in time, and they should be fertilized or burned to reduce the source of insects, and at the same time, 48% chlorpyrifos EC 1500 times, or 40% phoxanthion EC 1000 times liquid.

Methods of agricultural control of garlic insect pests

1. Select disease-resistant varieties, strictly select seeds before sowing, and eliminate diseased and insect garlic.

2. Reasonable crop rotation to avoid continuous cropping with onions, leeks and other allium crops.

3. Do a good job in fertilizer and water management, and timely cultivate and weed.

4. Scientific medicine: aphids: 3000 4000 times of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder can be used for continuous control 2 3 times, with an interval of 5 7 days each time. Apply fully decomposed organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, and garlic seeds and fertilizer should be properly separated; Root maggots are seriously harmed.

It can be dissolved with 750 grams of 90% crystal trichlorfon and 50 kg of water per mu, sprinkled on 750 kg of manure, mixed and applied; At the same time, when suffering from root maggots and grubs, 1000 times of 90% crystal trichlorfon can be used to spray the root soil of the plant. To control allium thrips and leaf miners, you can use suitable insecticide sprays.