Lichun What does the word 立 mean in 立夏? Why use stand instead of beginning ?

The "Li" in Lichun and Lixia means beginning and beginning. The use of "standing" instead of "beginning" is because "standing" has the meaning of the beginning, change and replacement of all things in the world, and "standing" means that a new cycle has begun. In the traditional concept of the Chinese, the word "li" also has the meaning of auspiciousness and good luck.

The word 立 first appeared in oracle bone inscriptions.

Middle. Its original meaning was that a person stood on the ground, and later it was extended to establish, establish, establish and many other meanings. In oracle bone inscriptions, the word 立 can be understood according to its shape.

The horizontal line below the word "Li" refers to the earth, and the upper part refers to a person, and a person standing on the earth is standing. Therefore, the original meaning of the word is to stand on the ground. Later, people extended the word "erection" to more meanings, such as to establish, establish, establish, etc.

The word Shi first appeared in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Jin Wenzhong. Its original meaning is the beginning, the beginning, and later it is extended to the fundamental, the past, and many other meanings. The word "beginning" is a morphophonetic character.

The first character is composed of female and tai, female means female, and Taiwanese means sound. This word means that a woman is happy to be pregnant, but this expression is not used by everyone. People are more willing to understand the meaning of the word as the beginning, the beginning.

Because the meaning of beginning and beginning best matches the word beginning, beginning is defined as beginning, the meaning of beginning.

The beginning of spring and the beginning of summer represent the beginning, spring represents growth and life, and summer represents heat and vitality. People use the beginning of spring and the beginning of summer, but they do not use the beginning of spring and the beginning of summer. First of all, not from other aspects, judging from the sound of the words alone, it sounds more comfortable to stand this than the word beginning.

And in a real sense, the meaning of the word "li" is broader than that of the word "beginning". That is to say, the word "li" contains the first word. Secondly, the starting point of the word is to extend to all things with people, which is the origin of the growth of all things, that is, the beginning of the arrival of spring.

The word represents a broader vision and realm, which is more suitable than the beginning.

Li, which means to build the beginning, indicates the beginning of the spring, summer, autumn and winter solar terms. The 24 solar terms originated in the Yellow River Valley. As far back as the Spring and Autumn Period, the four solar terms of mid-spring, mid-summer, mid-autumn and mid-winter were determined.

After continuous improvement and perfection, by the Qin and Han dynasties, the 24 solar terms have been fully established. In 104 B.C., the "Taichu Calendar" formulated by Deng Ping officially set the 24 solar terms in the calendar, clarifying the astronomical position of the 24 solar terms. The time that the sun travels every 15 degrees from the ecliptic longitude from zero degrees of the ecliptic longitude is called "a solar term".

It runs 360 degrees every year and experiences a total of 24 solar terms, 2 per month. Among them, the first solar term of each month is the "solar term", namely: the beginning of spring, the stunning, the Qingming, the beginning of summer, the beginning of the summer, the beginning of the summer, the beginning of autumn, the white dew, the cold dew, the beginning of winter, the heavy snow and the small cold and other 12 solar terms; The second solar term of the month is "Zhongqi", i.e.:

There are 12 solar terms, including rain, spring equinox, valley rain, small man, summer solstice, great heat, summer heat, autumn equinox, frost fall, light snow, winter solstice and great cold. "Solar terms" and "Zhongqi" alternately appear, each lasting 15 days, and now people have collectively referred to "solar terms" and "Zhongqi" as "solar terms".

立 is the meaning of beginning, which means that spring has arrived or summer has arrived, because Qin Shi Huang had a beginning character at that time, so this word cannot be used.

The meaning of Lichun Lixia is the beginning, which means that spring has begun, summer has begun, and Lidu has been the cultural inheritance of China for thousands of years

The beginning of spring, the beginning of summer, the beginning of autumn, and the beginning of winter – also collectively known as the "four stands", respectively indicate the beginning of the four seasons. "Li" means to begin. On the Gregorian calendar, it is generally around February 4, May 5, August 7 and November 7 each year.

"Sili" indicates the beginning of the astronomical season, and in terms of climate, it is generally still in the previous season, such as the beginning of spring and the Yellow River basin is still in the middle of winter.

Summer solstice and winter solstice - collectively known as "two solstices", indicating the extreme of summer and winter in astronomy. "To" means the extreme, the most disadvantageous. The summer solstice and winter solstice are generally on June 21 and December 22 of the Gregorian calendar every year. The summer solstice rains and the winter solstice snows.

The spring and autumn equinoxes are collectively known as the "equinoxes", which means that the length of day and night is equal. "Divide" means to divide equally. These two solar terms are generally around March 20 and September 23 of the Gregorian calendar every year.

Rain – Rent a Na indicates the beginning of precipitation and a gradual increase in rainfall. Rain falls around February 18 every year in the Gregorian calendar.

Stinging - Spring thunder wakes up animals that are hibernating in the soil. At this time, the temperature rises rapidly, and there is gradually spring thunder. Every year around March 5 of the Gregorian calendar, it is a sting.

Qingming - it means that the weather is clear, the air is fresh and clear, gradually warming, and the vegetation is luxuriant. The Gregorian calendar celebrates Qingming on April 5 every year.

Grain rain – Increased rain greatly favors the growth of cereal crops. Around April 20 of the Gregorian calendar every year, there is valley rain.

Xiaoman - its meaning is that the grains of summer crops begin to fill full, but they are not yet mature, but they are only small and not yet full. About May 21 of the Gregorian calendar every year, this day is Xiaoman.

Miscanthus - Wheat and other miscanthus crops are ripe, and summer planting begins. Around June 5 every year, it is planted for miscanthus seeds. Mango seeds burn the sky.

Small heat, big heat, summer - summer means hot. The small summer has not yet reached the hottest, the big summer is the hottest season, and the summer is the day when the summer is about to end. They fall around July 7, July 23 and August 23 of the Gregorian calendar each year.

White Dew – The temperature begins to drop, the weather turns cooler, and there is dew on the grass and trees in the morning. Every year around September 7 of the Gregorian calendar, it is white dew.

Cold dew - the temperature is lower, the air has condensed, and it is gradually chilling. This day is usually celebrated on October 8 every year.

Frost – The weather is getting colder and frost is starting to appear. Frost falls on October 23 of the Gregorian calendar every year.

Light snow, heavy snow – Snow begins to fall, with light and heavy indicating the extent of snowfall. Light snow falls on November 22 of the Gregorian calendar every year, and heavy snow falls around December 7.

Small cold, big cold - the weather is getting colder further, the small cold has not yet reached the coldest time, and the big cold is the coldest time of the year. The 5th of January of the Gregorian calendar and the 20th of the month are small and heavy.

Li: Jianshi, which means that spring, summer, autumn and winter have started from here. The beginning of spring is the first of the 24 solar terms, the first year of the Ganzhi calendar, and the beginning of the Jianyin month. The arrival time is on February 3-5 of the Gregorian calendar, when the sun reaches the ecliptic longitude of 315°.

The date of the beginning of summer on the lunar calendar is not fixed, but it is around the first day of April every year, because the lunar calendar is a lunisolar calendar. "Dou refers to the southeast, Wei is Lixia, everything has grown up so far, so the name Lixia is also. ”

The beginning of autumn is the 13th of the 24 solar terms, and it is the end of the first month of the Ganzhi calendar and the beginning of the Shen month. The time is around the first day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar every year (between August 7 and 9 of the Gregorian calendar).

"Autumn" means that the summer has gone away and the cool has come, which means the beginning of autumn. At the beginning of autumn, the sycamore tree begins to lose its leaves, so there is an idiom that "falling leaves know autumn".

Lidong, the nineteenth of the 24 solar terms, is also one of the traditional festivals of the Han nationality, as the end of the month of the Ganzhi calendar and the beginning of the month of Hai. The time point is between November 7 and 8 of the Gregorian calendar, that is, the sun is located at 225° of the yellow longitude.

Lichun: one of the 24 solar terms, also known as the Spring Festival, the New Year's Festival, the New Year's Festival, the New Year's Day, etc. Li, is the meaning of "beginning"; Spring represents warmth and growth.

Lixia: Lixia is the 7th of the 24 solar terms, the first solar term of summer, which indicates the official beginning of the midsummer season.

Beginning of autumn: The beginning of autumn is the first solar term of autumn and is the starting point of autumn.

Beginning of winter: The beginning of winter is a seasonal solar term, which means that it has entered winter, which means that wind and rain, dry and wet, light, temperature, etc., are at a turning point, and the transition from autumn to winter climate has begun.

The 24 solar terms are specific seasons in the Ganzhi calendar that indicate seasons, phenology, and climate change, as well as establish the "December Jian" (season).

It was originally determined by the rotation of the Big Dipper handle, the Big Dipper rotates in cycles, and the handle rotates around the east, south, west and north, which is a cycle, called a "year" (set), and each rotation cycle begins at the beginning of spring and ends with the great cold.

The current "24 solar terms" are divided by the "fixed qi method", that is, the solar terms are determined according to the position of the sun on the returning ecliptic; The "Fixation Method" divides the annual trajectory of the sun into 24 equal parts, with 1 equal part for every 15° and 1 equal part for a solar term, which begins at the beginning of spring and ends with great cold.

The "24 solar terms" are an important part of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation, and embody the historical and cultural essence of Chinese civilization.

The 24 solar terms include the beginning of spring, the beginning of summer, the beginning of autumn, and the beginning of winter. These four solar terms are collectively called the four stands.

According to the method of dividing the seasons in ancient Chinese astronomy, the four lili are regarded as the beginning of the four seasons, from the beginning of spring to the beginning of summer for spring, from the beginning of summer to the beginning of autumn for summer, from the beginning of autumn to the beginning of winter for autumn, and from the beginning of winter to the beginning of spring for winter. 立 is the meaning of beginning. Therefore, the four solar terms refer to the beginning of the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter.

The ancient book "Zhou Ji Sutra" is under the volume: "The four standers are the beginning of growth and collection." "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty: The Biography of Cai Yong":

One thing: Mingtang Moon Order, the Son of Heaven greeted the five emperors in the suburbs with the festival of Sili and Jixia, so it led to a spirit and prayed for a good year. Li Xian's note:

Four stands, said the beginning of spring, the beginning of summer, the beginning of autumn, the beginning of winter. "History of the Song Dynasty: Chronicles of the Law I": "Seek the Five Elements and Use Things:."

Each is due to the four big and small surplus seconds, that is, the spring wood, summer fire, autumn gold, and winter water are the first days to be used. ”

Standing means coming. The beginning of spring, the new year is coming, and spring is coming. The beginning of summer, summer is coming; The beginning of autumn, autumn is coming; The beginning of winter, winter is coming.

The beginning of spring is the first of the 24 solar terms, and the beginning of spring in 2018 means the beginning of spring. The beginning of spring is a vibrant scene of spring and rejuvenation of the earth. In ancient times, the spring greeting activities of the whole people were particularly popular, and now although the festival atmosphere has decreased, the eating customs of eating spring cakes and spring rolls in the beginning of spring are still passed down to this day.

Since ancient times, China has attached great importance to the beginning of the summer solar term. According to records, on the day of the beginning of summer in the Zhou Dynasty, the emperor would lead hundreds of civil and military officials to the southern suburbs outside the capital to welcome the summer, hold a ceremony to worship Emperor Yan and Zhu Rong, and instructed Situ and other officials to go to various places to encourage farmers to pay close attention to farming.

On August 7 or 8 every year, the sun reaches 135° ecliptic longitude as the beginning of autumn. The "立" in the beginning of autumn means the beginning, and the "autumn" refers to the period when the crops are ripe. The beginning of autumn means that the summer is going to cool and the autumn is coming. It is a solar term that reflects the seasons.

The beginning of winter is the nineteenth of the 24 solar terms in the lunar calendar, and its determination is based on the sun's arrival at 225 degrees of ecliptic longitude. 立, the beginning of the construction also, means that the winter has begun since then. Winter is the meaning of the end, there is the meaning of crops to be collected after harvesting, and China takes the beginning of winter as the beginning of winter.

The sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer in Lixia and the Tropic of Cancer in Lidong. The beginning of spring, the time of the equator of the beginning of winter.

Jianshi also means that spring, summer, autumn and winter begin from here.

"Li" has the meaning of seeing, but also means that the past has come and the coming continues, and the spring dog has guessed the arrival of the spring dog, so the beginning of the four seasons of summer, autumn and winter are named "stand". Because the Big Dipper points to the east at the beginning of spring, the east is considered to be the direction of spring.

The beginning of spring, the first of the 24 solar terms, is also known as the beginning of the Spring Festival, the first lunar month, the New Year's Festival, the New Year's Day, the New Year's Day, etc. Li, is the meaning of "beginning"; Spring represents warmth and growth. The twenty-four solar terms were originally formulated according to the "Dou Zhuan Xing Xing", and when the handle of the seven stars of Beidou shouted the town pointed to the Yin position, it was the beginning of spring.

The current twenty-four solar terms are divided according to the "solar ecliptic longitude", and when the sun reaches the ecliptic longitude of 315°, it is the beginning of spring. In the era of the Ganzhi Dynasty, the beginning of the year is the beginning of all things and the righteousness of all rebirth, which means that a new cycle has begun.

The beginning of spring, like the beginning of summer, the beginning of autumn, and the beginning of winter, reflects the change of seasons, and the beginning of spring marks the end of the winter when everything is closed, and begins to enter the spring when the wind and the sun are warm, and all things grow. Due to the vast territory of our country and the great difference in climate between different places, the specific climatic significance of "Lichun" is not applicable to all parts of the country, and it is only a reference significance for many regions. Its corresponding area is located in Lingnan, the junction of yellow and red, the dividing line of winter and spring, in the line from Guilin, Guangxi to Ganzhou, Jiangxi, when Douzhiyin (or the sun yellow longitude reaches 315 °), the area south of the line, there is already the breath of spring; However, 93% of China's land area is still winter, and when it comes to Heilongjiang, it is often spring when it rains in the valley or when summer begins.

The 24 solar terms are arranged in the following order:

Beginning of spring, rain, stunning, vernal equinox, Qingming, valley rain, beginning of summer, small man, miscanthus, summer solstice, small heat, great heat, beginning of autumn, summer heat, white dew, autumn equinox, cold dew, frost, beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice, small cold, big cold.

As a supplementary calendar established in ancient China, the 24 solar terms occupy an extremely important position in China's traditional farming culture, and are the products of long-term observation and research of astronomy and meteorology by the ancient working people of China, which contains the long cultural connotation and historical accumulation of the Chinese nation.

The 24 solar terms not only show the phenological changes of cold and summer, but also reflect the temperature and rainfall conditions, through which the ancients can intuitively and clearly understand the changes of the seasonal climate in a year, so as to grasp the agricultural time and reasonably arrange agricultural activities. It not only plays a guiding role in agricultural production, but also affects the clothing, food, housing and transportation of the ancients, and even cultural concepts.