There are many mites and insect pests in shiitake mushrooms, how to control mites in shiitake mushro

The quality index of strains mainly reflects the level of strain production, including strong mycelial growth, strong germination, fast feeding, no pollution, no pests, etc. When introducing excellent varieties, it is necessary to pay attention to the biological characteristics of the selected varieties to adapt to the local climatic conditions, and at the same time, after the introduction, they should first pass the mushroom test and demonstration cultivation, and the incidence rate is high in the environment of high temperature, high humidity and poor ventilation. In the mycelial culture stage, the growth rate was significantly higher than that of the mycelium of Lentinus edodes, and the spread was extremely fast, and it could be covered with cultivation medium in a short time, which made the mycelium of Lentinus edodes grow slowly, resulting in cultivation failure.

Penicillium generally causes irregular shape and size of cyan plaque to appear on the surface of the culture medium, and it is constantly infected. During the prevention and control, ventilation should be strengthened, regular disinfection, and the temperature should be reduced to control the occurrence of diseases. Streptospora and Streptospora are mainly brought in as raw materials, which can be booby-trapped with dichlorvos and honey, that is, sprayed on the paper with 40% dichlorvos 500 times liquid, and then dropped a few drops of honey, and the paper is scattered on the surface of the culture material to trap.

During the mushroom period, jumping insects are harmed, and they can be killed by using rotene or pyrethrum.

The surface or all of the culture material damaged by nematodes will become wet, black, sticky, atrophied or disappear, and the young mushrooms will die. The surface of the dead young mushrooms is sticky and has a fishy smell. Under humid, sultry, and unventilated conditions, nematode damage is prone to occur.

It can be sprayed with 2% formaldehyde solution. It is generally not easy to spray pesticides when spraying alcohol, and the smoke agent can be dispersed everywhere with the air flow in the air, so the effect of fumigation is better than that of spraying alcohol. When using aphid smoke killer, it should be fumigated before mushroom emergence or between mushroom tides to avoid poisoning of the fruiting body or the adsorption of pesticides by the fruiting body to exceed the residue standard.

Commonly used pesticides for the control of phosphoopteran pests: avermectin, pyrethuron, fluridin, Bacillus thuringiensis, avi fluoramide, or chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate and other pesticides are sprayed and controlled at the peak hatching period of lepidopteran pests eggs or the young larval stage. No pesticide damage caused by ethoxazole has been observed in the test concentrations conducted in greenhouses and in the field.

It is very harmful to many beneficial insects and mites.

Doing a good job in the environmental sanitation of the cultivation site can effectively eliminate the occurrence of mite pests. For the cultivation room where mite damage occurs, fumigation with dichlorvos and other drugs to kill mites before reuse. During the mycelium culture, 1000 times of dicofol or 500 times of dicofol or 500 times of the solution of cartete can be sprayed.

It is not advisable to use drugs during the cultivation of fruiting bodies, otherwise the mushroom body is prone to pesticide damage and endangers human health after eating.

Pesticides should be sprayed in a timely manner, and the right medicine should be prescribed, and the ratio should also be paid attention to, and should also be watered and fertilized in time afterwards to ensure ventilation.

Crop rotation is practiced. Nightshade vegetables are rotated with melons, potatoes, onions and garlic vegetables for 2-3 years. When introducing vegetable seedlings, the output should be strictly controlled in the epidemic area, and it is best to introduce vegetable seedlings from the mite-free area to prevent the introduction of the initial infection source into the disease-free area.

Tea yellow mite is harmful to vegetables, and the symptoms are easily confused with viral diseases and misdiagnosed. Viral diseases are mainly transmitted by aphids, but can also be transmitted through seeds and mechanical friction, and can occur in vegetables in protected areas throughout the year. At first, the veins of the heart leaves of the affected plants were slightly green, but not obvious.

Tea yellow mite is also known as tea young leaf mite, this kind of mite has a very mixed diet, the host has peppers, eggplant, eggplant and other crops. However, in greenhouse planting, eggplant and pepper are the most seriously harmed by tea yellow mites. In greenhouses with suitable temperatures and fewer natural enemies, tea yellow mites occur more than 20 generations per year in the south and 12-15 generations in the north!

Fertilized female adults overwinter in soil crevices, under litter and leaves, or in the rhizosphere of root-bearing weeds such as small spinning flowers and summer solstice grass. On the trees, under the bark, the tea yellow mite as a species of mites, the harm in recent years is getting bigger and bigger, especially in the greenhouse is more serious, this is because the greenhouse environment is relatively closed, the natural enemies of mites are few, and the natural environment is relatively suitable, so the difficulty of prevention and control is greater than that of the open air.

After the plant is damaged, it is mainly manifested as the thickening of the leaves of the sucked vegetables, the curls of the leaves to the back, the flower buds do not bloom or open deformed flowers, and the skin of the young fruits is rough and partially cracked.

It is particularly harmful to peppers and eggplants. Adult and juvenile mites mostly feed on the tender parts of the plant. After the pepper is damaged, the back of the leaf is yellow-brown and oily, the leaf edge is curled downward, the plant is dwarf and clustered, the flowers fall, and the fruit stops growing and hardens.

After the eggplant is damaged, the young leaves become smaller, and the tea yellow mite belongs to the arachnid tick mite family Tarsal mite, which is also known as the lateral polyphagous tarsal mites, tea semitarsal mites, etc. It occurs all over the country. It can harm cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, green peppers, beans and other vegetables.

Adult mites and young mites are concentrated in the young parts of crops and suck and cause damage.

You can spray some pest control agents in the place where there are mites in shiitake mushrooms, which can remove mites well and ensure the growth of shiitake mushrooms.

The first is to choose mite-resistant varieties to plant, and the second is to spray more.

If you encounter shiitake mushroom mite damage, you should go to the shiitake mushroom for good preventive disinfection. Because mites will reduce the yield of shiitake mushrooms. Therefore, the shiitake mushrooms must be disinfected.

Mites or mite eggs that lurk in the crevices of the bed frame of the mushroom room and are not killed when the empty room is disinfected. Bacteria with harmful mites. The culture material with harmful mites failed to kill all the mites during pretreatment. Mix or mix water with harmful mites.

The cover contains harmful mites. The liquid fertilizer used as top dressing contains harmful mites and other breeding grounds for mites. Fresh Bone Booby-Trap:

Place the fresh pork bones on the bed surface where mushroom mites are infested and discharge. When the mites are clustered, the bones are placed in boiling water for a few moments to kill the mites. Repeat this several times until there are no mites on the feed surface.

Place the fresh pork bones on the bed surface where mushroom mites are infested and discharge. When the mites are clustered, the bones are placed in boiling water for a few moments to kill the mites. Repeat several times until there are no mites on the material surface, and burn or bury the waste and pollutants in time; Clean up weeds, stagnant water and various organic debris in the surrounding environment in time to avoid the breeding of diseases and insects; Avoid using unclean sewage; At the same time, the flow of people in the cultivation farm is controlled.

In addition, after each season of cultivation, the mushroom farm should be thoroughly cleaned.

The cultivation of shiitake mushrooms should be based on the characteristics of local climate change and their own cultivation conditions, and choose a suitable production season. In most places in our country, the general cultivation is suitable for spring and autumn, if you plan to go out of season cultivation, you should also choose the appropriate mushroom period, and the cultivation facilities should have the function of temperature regulation, first of all, we must do a good job in the sanitation of the cultivation environment, and regularly carry out acaricidal treatment, such as fumigation with dichlorvos and other drugs to kill mites. Or spray diluted dicofol, but during the growth of the fruiting body, it is not suitable to use drugs, otherwise it is easy to cause pesticide damage to shiitake mushrooms, which is not good for the human body after eating.

Green mold, this disease is mainly due to the disinfection of inoculation tools is not strict, or the seed bag is damaged, etc., resulting in miscellaneous bacterial infection, must be in strict accordance with the sterility requirements of the operation, found that the rotten bag can be timely and then wrapped in the bag, sterilization to be steamed and steamed thoroughly, if green mold is found in the bag, can be used to inject the victim part.

A better way to prevent and control is to spray with lime water, and then you can also spray the tobacco after soaking it in water, or buy special pesticides to spray, in winter, you can plough the soil, and then use it after sterilization with the sun, so that the effect will be better, and secondly, you should also do a good job of sterilization and disinfection measures when planting, so as not to produce pests and diseases.

Buy some pesticides to spray in the water and soil of shiitake mushrooms, do not spray these pesticides on the surface of shiitake mushrooms, if sprayed on the surface of shiitake mushrooms it is very perishable, to regular ventilation, regular water change can play a role in prevention and control.

Spray pesticides. Because after my shiitake mushrooms are sprayed with pesticides, the mites and insect pests are gone, so I should spray pesticides to control them.

If the mushroom mites are more severe, aluminum phosphide should be used for closed fumigation. 10 grams per cubic meter of space. When the room temperature is 21-25, fumigation for 24 hours can be done.

Fumigation at room temperature at 11-15 for 48 hours is sufficient. If the mites are not too severe, you can spray the bed surface with 500 times the solution of Gram Mite. Or spray 800-1000 times of 20% dicofol on the bed.

Mites are also known as red spiders and fungus lice, and there are many species. Mites are sometimes damaged in the whole process of mushroom production, and the culture material and strain culture process are more common.

1) Morphological characteristics Mealy mites (acaridae) such as Tyroglyphus farinae are small, no more than 1 mm in length, oval, translucent, and have strong reproductive ability. Tyroglyphus longior, a flat, ping-pong racket-like body with a soft, white to pale yellow body (Figure 13).

Fig.13 Mites.

The body of pyemotidae is flat, tiny, melon-shaped, pale yellow to dark brown. Such as red pepper mite (Plgmephorus ameieamus).

2) Habits and pests Mites are mainly found in wheat bran, rice bran, etc. in the auxiliary material warehouse, and in the feed room and chicken coop around the fungus farm and cultivation field. It is brought into the auricular chamber by cultures, cultures, and flies. Both pampus mites and mealy mites reproduce very quickly, and can reproduce for 1 generation in 15 days under 22.

Mites can eat mushroom hyphae, the edible mycelium is difficult to grow, late maturity, no mycelium kinks and fruiting bodies are produced, and it will also lead to contamination of other miscellaneous fungi, making the people who enter the polluted area itchy and unbearable.

3) Prevention and control methods Mites can only be prevented, once found, it is difficult to **. Because of the small size of the mites, it is easy to drill into the culture medium, and it is not easy to completely eliminate the application of pesticides. The main thing is to keep the surroundings of the cultivation site clean and hygienic, away from chickens, pigs, warehouses, feed sheds and other places.

The site can be sprayed with 3000 times of 73% gram mite emulsifiable concentrate to prevent and kill latent mite sources. In the cultivation process, the raw materials must be fresh and mildew-free, and they must be exposed to the sun before use. In the culture room and mushroom field, it can be sprayed with 73% gram mite 3000 times solution or 50% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times before use.

If mites are found, you can use fresh tobacco leaves to spread them next to the fungus bag with mites, and when mites gather on the tobacco leaves, take them out and burn them to death; It can also be used to discharge mites with a distance of 10 20 cm between fresh pig bones, and take them out with boiling water to burn them to death when they are trapped; You can also use tea seed cake to grind into powder, fry it on a slight heat until the oil is fragrant, sprinkle it on the gauze, take it out after attracting mites, and scald it to death with boiling water.