What are the classifications of banks? What are the differences between bank classifications

1) The People's Bank of China is China's leading bank, in fact, it is an administrative organ, and it can basically be considered that it does not handle banking business for individuals and enterprises. (2) Policy banks. Including the Agricultural Development Bank, the Export-Import Bank of China, and the China Development Bank, it only handles policy-related banking business.

3) Commercial banks. Specifically, it is divided into state-owned commercial banks (workers' and peasants' China Construction), national joint-stock banks (there are 15 or 6 banks, such as communications, CITIC, Everbright, Huaxia, China Merchants, Industrial Industry, Minsheng, etc., and the most recent ones are Zheshang and Hengfeng), urban commercial banks (such as Bank of Shanghai, a certain city commercial bank, etc.), rural commercial banks, and rural cooperative banks. (4) Credit cooperatives, including urban credit cooperatives and rural credit cooperatives.

5) Postal savings (only for savings business). (6) Non-bank financial institutions, such as financial asset management companies, trust and investment companies, finance companies, financial leasing companies, etc.

Except for the People's Bank of China, they are collectively referred to as banking financial institutions. Banking financial institutions shall be subject to professional supervision and management by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.

At present, the so-called investment bank actually refers to the first management company, which is professionally supervised and managed by the China Securities Regulatory Commission.

First of all, the four major state-owned banks, ICBC, CCB, Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, and then the supporting role of postal savings (now changing to postal bank) and various local banks, such as Shenzhen Development Bank, Minsheng Bank, commercial banks, etc.

The simplest classification: public and private.

There are five levels of classification of financial assets.

The Interim Measures for the Risk Classification of Financial Assets of Commercial Banks (Draft for Comments) mainly includes four aspects. The first is to put forward the requirements for the risk classification of financial assets.

Clarify the definition of the five-level classification of financial assets, set the classification standards for retail assets and non-retail assets, and put forward specific requirements for specific situations such as debt overdue, asset impairment, debt evasion, and joint disciplinary action, as well as issues such as classification upward adjustment and asset classification involved in corporate mergers and acquisitions.

The second is to put forward the risk classification requirements for restructured assets. Refine the definition, identification criteria and exit criteria of restructured assets, clarify the classification requirements of restructured assets under different circumstances, and set the observation period for restructured assets.

The third is to strengthen the management of bank risk classification. Commercial banks are required to improve the governance structure of risk classification, formulate a risk classification management system, clarify the classification method, process and frequency, develop and improve information systems, and strengthen monitoring and analysis, information disclosure and document management. Fourth, clarify the requirements for supervision and management.

The regulators regularly assess the risk classification management of commercial banks, and take regulatory measures and administrative penalties against banks that violate the requirements.

The nature, main composition, respective functions, bank profits, and interest rates of commercial banks. The nature, functions and status of the People's Bank of China. **Banks, policy banks, large commercial banks, joint-stock commercial banks, urban commercial banks, rural commercial banks, foreign banks.

Extended information] 1. The People's Bank of China is the dominant financial institution among all banks and an important tool for the state to intervene in and regulate the development of the national economy.

2. Policy banks, policy banks are non-profit-oriented professional financial institutions that carry out financial business in specific fields with the goal of implementing the first-class economic policy. At present, there are three policy banks, namely the China Development Bank and the Export-Import Bank of China

3. Agricultural Development Bank of China. , large commercial banks, large commercial banks are mainly the four major banks of China Agriculture, Industry and Construction, which are the financing of many state-owned enterprises.

4. Joint-stock commercial banks, which include joint-stock banks such as Communications, China Merchants, CITIC, Everbright, Pudong Development, Minsheng, Guangfa, Huaxia, and Industrial Bank, which are also an indispensable part of the banking industry and the development of the national economy. City commercial banks evolved from urban credit cooperatives, including more than 100 city commercial banks such as Bank of Beijing, Bank of Shanghai and Bank of Jiangsu.

5. Rural commercial banks, referred to as rural commercial banks, evolved from rural cooperative banks, and many prefecture-level cities have rural commercial banks.

6. Foreign-funded banks, foreign-funded banks refer to banks established by wholly foreign-owned banks in the country, including HSBC, Citibank, Standard Chartered Bank, Bank of East Asia, etc.

7. The word bank, derived from the Italian banca, originally meant bench, chair, and was the business utensils of the earliest money changers in the market. The English translates to bank, which means a chest for depositing money. In China, the reason why it is called "bank" is related to the history of China's economic development.

8. In the history of our country, ** has always been one of the main monetary materials. "Silver" often represents currency, while "bank" is the name given to large commercial institutions. The large financial institutions that handle money related to silver and money are called banks, which was first seen in the "New Chapter of Financial Administration" written by Hong Renji of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

Origin. 9. It is generally believed that the earliest bank was founded in Venice in Italy in 1407. Subsequently, banks were set up in Amsterdam in the Netherlands, Hamburg in Germany, and London in the United Kingdom.

In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, banks were generally developed. In the 17th century, some commoners became wealthy merchants through business. They kept their money in the king's coffers for safety.

It should be noted here that there was no paper money at that time, and the so-called saving money meant depositing **. Because of the "freecoinage" system, anyone could take gold bars to the mint and mint them into gold coins, so the mint allowed customers to store them**. But unfortunately, these merchants did not realize that the mint belonged to the king, and if the king wanted to use the ** in the mint, he could not stop it.

There are five types of banks, and banks are divided into ** banks, policy banks, commercial banks, investment banks, and world banks, and their responsibilities are different.

A bank is a financial institution established in accordance with the law to engage in monetary and credit business, and is a product of the development of the commodity and monetary economy to a certain stage. Banks are one of the financial institutions, and banks are divided into ** banks, policy banks, commercial banks, investment banks, and the World Bank according to their types, and their responsibilities are different.

**Bank: That is, the People's Bank of China is the ** bank of China.

The classification is as follows: 1. Policy banks. These include the China Development Bank, the Export-Import Bank of China and the Agricultural Development Bank of China;

2. Large commercial banks. Including Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of Communications;

3. Small and medium-sized commercial banks. Specifically, it is divided into joint-stock commercial banks (commonly known as) and city commercial banks. Joint-stock commercial banks such as:

China CITIC Bank, China Merchants Bank, Shenzhen Development Bank, etc. City commercial banks such as Bank of Beijing, Bank of Shanghai, Bank of Nanjing, etc., as well as urban credit cooperatives;

4. Rural financial institutions. including all rural credit cooperatives, rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks;

5. Postal Savings Bank of China.

6. Foreign-funded banks. A foreign-funded bank is a bank established by a wholly foreign-owned bank within the territory of the country. The scope of business of foreign banks varies according to the banking laws and regulations of each country.

In order to stabilize their currencies, some countries impose restrictions on the business scope of foreign banks; There are also countries that manage the business of foreign banks on the same basis as their own banks. It provides loans to domestic enterprises and multinational corporations in other countries to support their outward expansion and direct investment, mainly by virtue of its knowledge of the international financial market and its extensive international network.

Some foreign banks are founded by banks in one country, and some are jointly invested by banks in several countries.

The categories of banks are as follows:

1. National Bank: People's Bank of China.

2. Policy banks: China Development Bank, Export-Import Bank of China, Agricultural Development Bank of China.

3. Large commercial banks: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of Communications.

4. Joint-stock commercial banks: China CITIC Bank, China Merchants Bank, Shenzhen Development Bank, Industrial Bank, Guangfa Bank, Everbright Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, Huaxia Bank, Minsheng Bank, Hengfeng Bank, Zheshang Bank, Bohai Bank.

5. Sino-foreign joint venture banks: Sino-German Housing and Savings Bank, Xiamen International Bank, First Huayi Bank, Dazu HSBC Rural Bank.

6. Foreign-funded banks: HSBC (China), Standard Chartered Bank (China), Citibank (China), DBS Bank (China), Mizuho Industrial Bank (China), Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ (China), ABN AMRO (China) and other 20 foreign-funded banks.

7. Overseas Chinese banks: Bank of East Asia (China), Nanyang Commercial Bank (China), Hang Seng Bank (China), Wing Hang Bank (China), OCBC Bank (China), China CITIC Bank International (China), Union Bank (China), Dah Sing Bank (China), United Overseas Bank (China).

8. Foreign bank branches: Commerzbank Shanghai Branch, Barclays Bank Lu Feng Shanghai Branch, Bank of America Shanghai Branch, Dutch Placement Bank Shanghai Branch, Bank of Montreal Guangzhou Branch and other 35 foreign bank branches.

9. City Commercial Banks: Baoding City Commercial Bank, Bank of Beijing, Langfang Bank, Changsha Bank, Bank of Dalian, Chengde Bank, Hankou Bank, etc., a total of 147.

China's banks are divided into several categories, such as ** banks, policy banks, state-owned commercial banks, joint-stock commercial banks, and local commercial banks.

1. Banks.

China's ** bank is the People's Bank of China, referred to as the central bank. ** The dominant financial center institution in the banking state is an important tool for the state to intervene and regulate the development of the national economy. It is responsible for formulating and implementing the national monetary and credit policy, has the exclusive power to issue currency, and implements financial supervision.

(2) Policy banks.

The policy bank is not for the purpose of making profits, but specifically for the purpose of implementing and cooperating with the economic policies or intentions of the society, directly or indirectly engaging in policy-based financing activities in specific business data disturbance areas, and acting as a tool for economic development, social progress and macroeconomic management.

In 1994, China established three major policy banks, namely the China Development Bank, the Export-Import Bank of China and the Agricultural Development Bank of China, all of which are directly under the leadership. In March 2015, CDB was positioned as a development financial institution and was spun off from the policy bank sequence.

3. State-owned commercial banks.

State-owned commercial banks refer to large commercial banks directly controlled by the state (Ministry of Finance, ** Huijin Company).

State-owned commercial banks include: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of Communications, and Postal Savings Bank of China.

4. Joint-stock commercial banks.

A joint-stock commercial bank is a type of commercial bank. There are 12 national joint-stock commercial banks in China: China Merchants Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, China CITIC Bank, China Everbright Bank, Huaxia Bank, China Minsheng Bank, Guangfa Bank, Industrial Bank, Ping An Hongbizhi Bank, Zheshang Bank, Hengfeng Bank and Bohai Bank.

5. Local commercial banks.

Local commercial banks refer to banking financial institutions whose business scope is limited by geography. In China, local commercial banks mainly refer to urban commercial banks, rural credit cooperatives, and urban credit cooperatives.

Encyclopedia - Policy Bank.

Encyclopedia - State-owned commercial banks.

Encyclopedia - Joint-stock commercial bank.

Encyclopedia - Local commercial banks.

Banks are divided into: People's Bank of China: People's Bank of China.

Policy line: China Import and Export Bank and Reputation Bank

Agricultural Development Bank of China

China Development Bank.

The six major banks of the state-owned Calla section: Bank of China,

Abc.

Industrial and Commercial Bank of China

China Construction Bank.

China Communications Bureau Zhaotong Bank,

Postal Savings Bank.

Joint-stock banks.

City Commercial Banks. Rural Commercial Bank.