What to think of Schopenhauer s On Death .

Schopenhauer was voluntarist. In his opinion, the only thing that really exists is the will. Man is able to do what he wants, which means that the will of man is real.

Man cannot ask for what he wants, which means that the object of the will is illusory, not a real being. Only the will itself is what really exists.

The same voluntarist, if Nietzsche were to say this, he would say: Man cannot ask for what he wants, but he can do what he wants. So Schopenhauer's philosophy is pessimistic, he asserts that life is like a pendulum, oscillating between boredom and pain.

And Nietzsche's philosophy is positive, strong and powerful, he said, "Is this life? Well, one more time!

Schopenhauer's philosophy has much in common with Buddhism, which is the highest wisdom that mankind has ever had. Both voluntarism and Buddhism recognize nothingness, and neither has been able to truly overcome it.

Arthur Schopenhauer (February 22, 1788 – September 21, 1860) was a famous German philosopher.

When I read this sentence again, I thought of Mr. Hu Shi's definition of "philosophy", "Whenever we study the vital problems of life, we must fundamentally think about them and find a fundamental solution: this kind of learning is called philosophy." ”

As a fundamental issue of life, death is definitely worth thinking about and exploring philosophy from this perspective.

There is an inexplicable fear of death. After all, when a person dies, it means that everything in the world will have nothing to do with him or her. Thinking about this, one feels not only sad, but even deeply hopeless.

I am dead, but the world is still running, and the error in this view is that people think that death represents the return of one's appearance to nothingness", which according to Schopenhauer's philosophical view, "appearance" here is equivalent to the "physical body" in the Buddhist view.

Indeed, when a person dies, he or she will either decay naturally (burial) or cremation (cremation) to return the many atoms that make up the body to nature. From this point of view, death is not really nothing: it is just that the atoms that originally made up the physical body continue to exist in the real world in a different way of combination.

Before a person's life is formed, it is not all nothing, because the many atoms that will make up the cell or body already exist in the real world. In the same way, during the existence of life, it is actually a large number of atoms that are combined in different ways to maintain the survival of life.

In a word, for death, the essence of the flesh of life is,"From nature, back to nature! "

What is time? What is the relationship between time and life?

For substances that are not conscious in nature, such as rivers, lakes and seas, stones and soil, time has no meaning. They exist objectively in one form or another, and time and motion dominate each other and do not affect the existence of matter.

Life inevitably comes to an end, which determines that time is only meaningful to life (or consciousness). When a person dies and consciousness disappears, the person naturally returns to pure unconscious matter, like stones, soil, rivers, lakes and seas. In the moment when consciousness disappears, time loses all meaning to life.

The essence of life is the cage of time; A person's whole life is imprisoned by time. With the disappearance of the individual's will, death shatters the cage of time. This is the nature of death.

Reading this, I can't help but think of another maxim of Mr. Schopenhauer, "Life is a tragedy!" ”

Yes, "No one lives in the past, no one lives in the future, reality is the only form that life does possess." What could be more important than good health, present youth, and freedom of mind in every ordinary day of this unique life?

August 1860: Schopenhauer suddenly chokes.

September 9: Schopenhauer gets pneumonia.

September 21: Schopenhauer died.

26 September: Buried in the Frankfurt City Cemetery.

He took a cold shower in the morning, as usual, had breakfast, and 1 hour later the maid found him leaning against a corner of the sofa and dead. "Suicide, perhaps? Maybe it was a deliberate suicide by the opposition? Maybe it's just sudden death.

On September 21, 1860, after getting up and taking a cold bath, he sat alone and ate breakfast as usual, and all was well, and an hour later, when the servant came in again, he found himself leaning against the corner of the sofa, asleep forever.

The German philosopher Schopenhauer is said to have died of pneumonia, but it is not available.

The true cause of death has yet to be investigated.

Pessimist philosopher Schopenhauer Life is like a pendulum clock, either boring or empty.