There are many cherry pests and diseases, what are the control methods?

Gum-flowing: caused by low potassium or viral infection or invasion of pathogenic bacteria. It can be used according to the rubbing of the glue to the flow of the drug**. Wood rot: Causes milky black fungus to grow on diseased branches. It can be treated by brushing the diseased branches with boiled salt water.

Yellow leaf disease: It will cause the edges of the leaves of the diseased plant to turn yellow. After getting sick, it can be sprayed with a medicine made of aluminum sulfate mixed with sterilizing fertilizer. Top blight: It can cause dead shoots and dead branches on trees. Healing can be achieved by supplementing with sublimated sulfur.

What are the diseases of large cherries and how to prevent them?

1. Gum-flow disease.

1. Symptoms: caused by physiological hypokalemia, viral infection, pathogenic bacterial damage, etc.

2. Prevention and control method: mix 1 kg of sulfur copper, 3 kg of lime powder, 10 kg of water and kg of vegetable oil evenly, and wipe it on the flow glue part. When wiping, it is not necessary to scrape off the flow glue due to human factors, otherwise it will aggravate the condition. Wipe it once every 3-5 days and continue to do it for 2-3 times.

Large cherries. 2. Wood rot.

1. Symptoms: At the onset of the disease, many white fungus grows in some parts of the branches.

2. Prevention and control method: pour 10 catties of water and 1 catty of salt into the pot at the same time and boil, and brush them on the branches of diseased plants after refrigeration. Brush once every half a month, a total of 2 brushes can reasonably eliminate pathogenic bacteria and virus infection, and completely heal cherry seedlings.

This method should be performed before the peach tree is dormant to germination.

3. Yellow leaf disease.

1. Symptoms: high incidence in high temperature and high humidity will cause the edge of the fallen leaves to turn yellow, and in more serious cases, it will cause the entire leaf to turn pale yellow.

2. Prevention and control method: It can be sprayed on peach trees with ferrous nitrate aqueous solution mixed with chemical fertilizer, which is effective in 3-5 days.

Fourth, the top blight.

1. Diseases: Most of them are caused by the lack of sulfur in green plants. It will cause dead shoots and dead branches to occur at the top of the tree, and will swarm to the entire tree, and finally cause the tree to die.

2. Prevention and control method: After mixing sublimated sulfur with soil evenly, apply it to the trunk projection soil layer. A cherry sapling can be supplemented with 2-3 taels of sublimated sulfur.

Control methods: Strengthen management, choose sandy loam soil or loam soil with good air permeability and fertile soil to plant cherry trees. To avoid frostbite and sunburn, thoroughly control branch pests, increase the application of organic fertilizers, prevent drought and waterlogging disasters, improve the resistance of the tree, reduce large wounds when pruning, pay attention to pruning in the growing season, avoid pruning in autumn and winter, avoid mechanical damage in the occurrence of flow gum disease, spray 2% spring leimycin wettable powder 200 400 times liquid.

For the branches that have been diseased, it is necessary to scrape and treat them thoroughly in a timely manner, and use 10 parts of quicklime, 1 part of stone sulfur mixture, 2 parts of salt and vegetable oil and water to make a protective agent, apply the wound, or apply the wound with 21% peracetic acid stock solution.

The prevention and control method is to apply some pesticides to the land when planting cherries, and you can also dress the seeds of cherry trees, and you can also play some insecticides in the process of planting, and you can often control cherry trees, and you can also put some insect repellent drugs on cherry trees.

First of all, it is necessary to choose the appropriate prevention and control method according to different conditions, and it is also necessary to spray pesticides in time, and then fertilizer should also be applied in time, such as potassium fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer, organic fertilizer, farmhouse fertilizer, and at the same time, it should also ensure the cleanliness and hygiene of the park.

You can spray pesticides for control, choose the right variety, so that you can also solve this problem, you must pay attention to the condition of the soil, pay attention to the situation of fertilization, watering, and be sure to deal with the weeds.

Disease control

Prevention and control of gum disease: avoid building gardens in cohesive soils, increase the application of organic fertilizers, prevent drought, waterlogging and frost damage, strengthen the tree, and improve the resistance of the tree; The trunk is painted white to prevent sunburn; strengthen pest control, especially dry-boring pests; Pruning should pay attention to reduce wounds and avoid mechanical damage; The diseased branches should be scraped and treated in a timely and thorough manner, and the wound should be smeared with 10 parts of quicklime, 1 part of stone sulfur mixture, 2 parts of salt, and a protective agent made of vegetable oil and water.

Prevention and control of plaster disease: timely ditch drainage to keep the park ventilated and light-transmitting; Scrape off the bacteriographic film and burn it intensively, and apply 5-6 ° BE stone sulfur mixture to the diseased part; In the summer and autumn when there is high temperature and rain, and diseases are frequent, 800 times of 50% antibacterial special wettable powder or 1000 times of 70% methyl tobuzin wettable powder can be sprayed for prevention and control.

Pest control

Prevention and control of the rosé-necked longhorn beetle: Before the adults hatch in early to mid-June, spray whitening agent on the branches to prevent the adults from laying eggs. During the hatching period (late June to mid-July), the adults mostly lie dormant on the trunk of the tree at noon and can be manually killed.

In the larval damage period, when it is found that there is fresh feces discharged from the cavities, the insect feces in the cavities are hooked with wire, and the 80% dichlorvos emulsion is dipped in a small cotton ball 200 times, which is blocked in the cavities, and then the larvae are smoked with the adjusted yellow mud sealing.

Mulberry white scale control: wipe and brush the insect body in winter, or scrape off the overwintering insect body on the bark, and apply the trunk with clay and diesel emulsion (1 part of diesel + 1 part of fine clay + 2 parts of water, mixed) to stick the insecticidal body. Spray 50 times liquid oil emulsion or 5° BE stone sulfur mixture before germination to control overwintering female adults.

Before the hatching nymphs of each generation have not yet formed a scale shell (mid-May, mid-July, mid-September), spray 1000 times of 40% phosphorus emulsifiable concentrate, and spray once at an interval of 20 days to effectively control it.

Cherry gall head aphid control: Before the cherry tree blooms, the whole tree is sprayed with rotenone emulsifiable concentrate 750 times, which has a good effect on killing overwintering insect eggs. One week after cherry flowering, the overwintering insect eggs began to hatch, and when the gall had not yet formed, spray 1000-1500 times of 3% natural pyrethroid microcapsule suspension or 400-500 times of rotenone emulsifiable concentrate for control.

Trim properly

In the juvenile stage (1-3 years), short pruning is the mainstay, combined with summer topping, promoting branching, and rapidly expanding the canopy in order to form a good tree shape. The first fruiting period (4-5 years) should be slow, and whip branches should be formed, and leaf clusters and flower buds should be formed on the branches. During the fruiting period (6-20 years), the relationship between growth and fruiting is adjusted through pruning, so that it is balanced, and the main branches and side branches, except for pruning diseased and insect branches, can generally not move.

For the extension of the main side branches, only the head can be lightly tapped or the tip of the parasitic pest can be pruned. The old fruit branches in the canopy can be retracted and renewed once every 2-3 years, and the fruiting position is controlled to prevent the inner chamber from being empty. In the senescence stage, it is necessary to retract and renew to promote its multiple branches, and appropriately retract the fruiting branches.

How to prevent and control common pests and diseases of cherries?

Peach melasma perforation, in the early stage of the disease, produces small blue-purple spots in the shape of needles and tubes. After expansion, it produces annular dark brown lesions, 1 4 mm in diameter, with clear edges and a little ringing. In the middle and late stages, there is a black-brown moldy substance growing on the lesions, which withers and falls off in the middle, resulting in perforations and neat edges.

In severe cases, it will lead to dead leaves and reduce production.

Impregnation regularity.

Large cherry chloasma perforates pathogenic bacteria and overwinters on diseased leaves with hyphae. In the second year, when the temperature rises, when there is precipitation, conidia are produced, which are dispersed by wind and rain and impregnated with leaves. Generally, the onset can occur in May and June, and the most important is the onset in July and August.

In more severe cases, it can lead to initial leaf wilting.

The incidence level is related to plant type, precipitation, and soil conditions. Plantations with weak plant type, frequent precipitation, low-lying terrain, poor drainage pipes, closed tree trunks, and poor natural ventilation and light transmittance will have serious disease; On the contrary, it is lighter. Among different species, the incidence of Rainey and others is relatively mild.

Prevention and control methods. <>

Manpower prevention. Improve fertilization management methods and improve the resistance of trees. During the dormant period, the plantation should be completely removed, and the damaged dead leaves should be cleaned to solve the source of overwintering bacteria.

Pharmacological prevention. According to the precipitation sooner or later and the amount of precipitation, after flowering and before fruit picking, spray 2 3 times 70% mancozeb wettable powder 600 times liquid, or 75% mancozeb 500 800 times liquid, or 80% Dasheng 800 times liquid, or 80% spraying gram 800 times liquid. After fruit picking, spray 2 3 times 1 1 180 200 times agricultural streptomycin.

2) Peach bacterial infection perforation.

Diseased leaves initially develop reddish-brown to milky white ring-shaped small spots with diameter. When the color spot is up and down 1mm, it is mostly triangular scattered on the leaves. The spots become light brown with a light green halo around the periphery. The lesions gradually change color purple-brown, wither, fall off, and perforate.

The pathogen overwinters in the epidermal layer, and most of them are around the skin pores and leaf scars. In the spring of the following year, as the temperature rises and the reducing sugars in the epidermal layer increase, the germs gradually multiply and produce lesions when they are in full bloom. The pathogen invaded the leaves from the vent hole, and the incubation period was 16 days, 20 hours 9 days, 25 26 hours 4 5 days, and 30 hours 8 days.

The appropriate onset temperature is 25 26 , and 100% of the onset occurs after 10 days. When precipitation increases the wind temperature, the wind and rainwater invade the somatic cell void from the pores, which accelerates the invasion of pathogens and will aggravate the disease.

Prevention and control of agriculture and animal husbandry. Improve fertilizer management methods, manipulate nitrogen application, improve plant shape, and improve the resistance of trees. Pharmacological prevention.

Before the budding of large cherry trees, spray 1 time 4 5 Baumé oxidized dimethoate, solve the source of overwintering bacteria, after flowering, new shoots speed long-term, spray 65% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times liquid, or 77% can kill 101 wettable powder 800 times liquid, or agricultural streptomycin 200 enterprises, all have good control effect.

It is necessary to choose high-quality varieties for planting, eliminate germs in advance, water in time, fertilize in time, and pay attention to ventilation.

You can spray relevant pesticides during the cherry seedling period, or adjust the environment in time to avoid pests and diseases, choose varieties that will not cause pests, spray pesticides after discovery, and prune management in time.

First of all, it is necessary to choose the soil with a moderate pH value, and then during the planting process, the seeds must be soaked in water for a period of time in advance, and then water and fertilizer management and field management need to be strengthened, and then pesticides need to be sprayed in time, and then fertilizer needs to be applied in time.

The soil layer is required to be deep (60) and fertile; The pH value of the soil is rising; The slope of the orchard is less than 25 degrees. When planning the garden, there should be necessary roads, drainage and irrigation, water storage and ancillary building facilities. In the specific planning, as far as possible, to achieve a concentration of areas, in the traffic and water conditions of the place to build a park.

At present, the selection of methyl dichloride powder, two buckets of slipazine agricultural granules, etc., mixed with fine soil and sprinkled on the soil surface of the tree plate, every 7 days high wax, 2-3 times in a row; When the diameter of the flower bud is 2-3mm (when it is white), the crown is sprayed with sulfur and phosphorus, trichlorfon, etc.; Remove the infested flower buds as soon as possible and concentrate on deep burial or boiling; Deep ploughing of garden soil in winter can eliminate some overwintering pests and pupa.

The main pests and diseases that harm cherry trees are mulberry white scale, stinging moth, rosé-necked longhorn beetle, apple penetrated wing moth, golden-edged gildingworm, beetle, pear heartworm and anthracnose, cherry leaf spot, bacterial perforation disease, gum disease, root neck rot disease, etc., and comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent and control them.

During winter pruning, prune and burn the diseased and insect branches, and spray Baume 5 degree stone sulfur mixture once at the defoliation stage; Before the spring shoot leaves stop growing, spray 40% dimethoate 1200 times solution and 70% methyl tobuzine 800 times solution once; From July to August, spray 1000 times of 50% marathon emulsion and 400-500 times of 65% zebzeb once.

1. Root cancer:

Root carcinoma is a disease caused by bacterial infection that forms tumors on the root neck or lateral roots. The disease site forms a gray-white nodule, the internal tissue is very soft, the surface is rough, with the continuous increase of the tumor, the surface gradually changes from white to brown, the surface cells die, the internal lignification, and the shape is mostly spherical or oblate spherical, so that the root system is underdeveloped, the ground growth is weakened, and the age of the tree is shortened.

Control methods: 1) Choose and plant disease-free seedlings, and soak the roots and disinfect them with biological antibacterial agent K84 or 3-5 °BE stone sulfur mixture.

2) Strengthen fertilizer and water management to promote the healthy growth of the root system and avoid causing wounds in the root neck. Disinfect and protect the wounds that have appeared in time.

3) If the tumor is found, it should be completely excised and destroyed, and the incision should be disinfected with 1% copper sulfate solution or 50 times the antibacterial agent °be stone sulfur mixture, and the external petroleum jelly should be coated to protect it.

2. Brown spot perforation:

Damage to leaves, shoots and fruits. In early May, the infected leaves were distributed with necrotic reddish-brown spots, which then expanded to 4-5 mm in diameter, and the central part became light brown. Combined scars form large areas of death, causing early defoliation.

Control methods: 1) Strengthen cultivation management, enhance tree potential, and improve the disease resistance of the tree. Combined with pruning, completely prune diseased and dead branches, remove fallen leaves and fruits, and eliminate overwintering pathogens.

2) Spray 4-5 °be stone sulfur mixture before germination, or 1:1:100-200 times Bordeaux liquid, 45% stone sulfur mixture crystal 10 times liquid.

After flowering, spray 500 times of 70% mancozeb wettable powder or 1000 times of 70% methyl tobuzin wettable powder.

3. Pear heartworm:

Also known as peach shootworm and pear fly fruit moth, it mainly harms fruits and new shoots with larvae. Adult body grayish-brown, dull; ovate-oval, slightly raised, yellowish-white, translucent, shiny; Mature larvae are yellowish-white or pink, with yellowish-brown heads.

Control methods: 1) Because the pear heartworm is a multi-host pest and has the habit of transferring harm, the new orchard should try to avoid mixing with other fruit trees, and the fruit trees that have been mixed should be strengthened for their main hosts.

2) Exterminate overwintering pests. trap and kill overwintering larvae before fruiting; Scrape off the coarse and old warped skin before germination in early spring, and burn it intensively; From May to June, the new shoots of the victim should be cut off in time.

3) Timely medication. Generally, when the egg leaf rate is 1%-2%, the commonly used agents are 20% methrin EC 2000-3000 times, 10% Uranus EC 6000 times.