What is the feed motion of a lathe? What is the main motion and feed motion of turning

Feed motion, the motion provided by the machine or manpower, which creates an additional relative motion between the tool and the workpiece, plus the main motion, allows the chip to be removed continuously or continuously and to obtain a machined surface with the desired geometrical features.

The feed motion is the movement required to continuously put the cutting layer of the workpiece into the cutting to produce a complete surface, such as the continuous linear movement of the turning tool during turning, the intermittent movement of the workpiece when the bullhead planer planes the horizontal plane, etc. The feed movement of a machine tool can be one or several. Generally, the feed motion is continuous when the main motion is rotary and intermittent when the motion is rectilinear motion.

Feed motion is one of the basic movements of the machine tool, which has a direct impact on the processing quality and production efficiency of the machine tool. For machine tools with a certain processing range, the feed movement requires that the speed can be changed to adapt to different process requirements. When there are many feed series, the proportional series is usually used as the feed series. Equal difference sequences are used only in exceptional cases.

For special machine tools designed for one or several specific processes, the feed can be determined according to actual needs, and there is no need to use proportional or equal difference series. Compared with the main motion, the feed motion is characterized by low power and speed, and most of the motion is in a straight line. Due to the low speed of the actuator, a large speed reduction is required when the motor is generally used as the motion source.

In order to simplify the mechanism, the transmission mechanism that can achieve a large reduction ratio is often used, such as worm gear mechanism, planetary gear mechanism, etc. And because of the small amount of power required for the feed movement, the power loss is not a major problem in the design.

Different references, different modes of movement.

In terms of the general machining of the outer circle and the right end face, the tool tip is spiral motion relative to the workpiece, and the outer circle of the car is spiral to the left (in general, the direction of the tool is from right to left); The end face of the car is a plane spiral from the outer garden to the center of the circle. - This is based on the machined surface as a reference;

If the machine tool is used as a reference, the feed of the tool tip is only a linear motion (machining the outer circle or end face of a cylinder or cone) and a curvilinear motion (machining a spherical surface, an olive-shaped handle, ......etc.).etc.). Depending on the machining surface, there are many ways to move the cutting edge.

Straight feed, not so complicated. A cutting action is a combination of rotary motion and linear motion.

The main motion is the speed of the lathe spindle (i.e., the speed of the workpiece), and the feed motion is the feed motion in the x,y direction of the tool holder.

The main differences are that the sexual cortex is different, the characteristics are different, and the exercise methods are different, as follows:

First, the nature is different.

1. Main movement.

The main motion is the movement of cutting layer with poor grip on the workpiece and turning it into chips.

2. Feed movement.

Feed motion is the movement provided by the machine tool or manpower.

Second, the characteristics are different.

1. Main movement.

The main motion is the most basic motion required to cut the chip, and the main motion has the highest speed and consumes the most power in the cutting motion.

2. Feed movement.

Feed motion, the movement provided by the machine or manpower, creates an additional relative motion between the tool and the workpiece, which, together with the main motion, continuously or continuously removes the chips and obtains a machined surface with the desired geometry.

3. Different ways of exercising.

1. Main movement.

There is only one main movement. Such as the rotational motion of the workpiece during turning. The most basic motion that causes the workpiece to move relative to the tool for cutting is called the main motion.

2. Feed movement.

The feed movement can have one or several. For example, the longitudinal or transverse movement of the turning tool during turning. The motion required to enable the main motion to continue to remove the excess metal on the workpiece so that the surface of the workpiece can be formed is called feed motion.

The main motion is driven by the spindle rotation motion (that is, the spindle motion), and the feed motion refers to the lateral and longitudinal movement of the tool table.

The main motion of an ordinary lathe is the rotational motion of the spindle of the lathe.

The feed movement includes longitudinal feed and transverse feed.

The longitudinal feed of the lathe means that the cutter moves in a linear manner parallel to the axis of the main axis of the lathe relative to the workpiece, that is, the left and right walking direction of the large carriage.

The transverse feed direction is perpendicular to the feed movement of the main axis axis, that is, the forward and backward walking direction of the middle carriage.

The main motion is to cut off more than the metal layer on the workpiece, the formation of a new surface of the workpiece must imitate the source of the movement, it is the most basic and main movement in the cutting process, but also the highest speed in the cutting movement, the most power consumption of the movement.

The feed movement is the movement necessary to maintain the cutting process, and it is the movement necessary for the metal layer to be removed to be continuously put into cutting, so as to complete the entire surface processing of the shed.

The main motion may be rotary or reciprocating, but there is only one main motion for any processing method of Chadaze. The cutting motion consumes less power, the speed is low, and one or more movements can be completed.

The main motion directly cuts off the cutting layer on the tall round workpiece and converts it into chips to form the main motion of the new surface. The feed motion is the movement that keeps the new cutting layer into the cut.

For example, when turning, the rotation of the workpiece is the main movement, and the movement of the tool holder is the feed movement.