How should the branch do the accounts, and how should the company do the accounts in the branch

The way of branch accounting: Under normal circumstances, the head office will consolidate the accounting. If the branch has independent property and the head office authorizes it to do the accounting independently, the branch can do the accounting according to the scope of the authorization of the head office.

[Legal basis].Article 14 of the Company Law of the People's Republic of China.

A company can set up a branch office. To establish a branch, it is necessary to apply for registration with the company registration authority and obtain a business license. A branch office does not have legal personality, and its civil liability is borne by the company.

A company may establish a subsidiary, which has the status of a legal person and independently bears civil liability in accordance with the law.

Article 175.

When a company is divided, its property is divided accordingly.

In the case of a company division, a balance sheet and a list of assets shall be prepared. The company shall notify the creditors within 10 days from the date of making the resolution on the division, and make an announcement in the newspaper within 30 days.

Accounting treatment of the branch: 1. The branch does not have the status of an independent legal person, and all its external claims and debts should be borne by the head office. However, in general, the branch office conducts business relatively independently, and the head office should liquidate it when it is deregistered, and receive its assets, creditor's rights and outstanding debts.

Through liquidation, a liquidation statement is formed, the profit and loss are confirmed, and the report is submitted to the local competent tax authority for approval, and the head office shall make corresponding accounting treatment accordingly.

2. The head office shall offset its net assets (loss amount) with the appropriation on the books of the head office and recognize the loss in the form of consolidated statements. At the same time, the creditor's rights and debts that should be undertaken should be consolidated into the account of the head office.

3. When recognizing losses, the income tax issues involving the head office and branch should be more related to the tax (especially the head office).

1. Tax registration and tax declaration of branches

1. Branches can register themselves as small-scale taxpayers or general taxpayers according to their own business needs.

2. Value-added tax and additional tax can be declared normally according to the declaration method of general enterprises. Except for specific industries, VAT can be declared by the head office.

3. Enterprise income tax can choose independent accounting and non-independent accounting. The corporate income tax rate of the branch that chooses to independently verify the late rubber calculation is 25%, and does not enjoy the preferential income tax policy for small and micro enterprises; The corporate income tax of the branch company, which is independently accounted for as a selection fee, is declared according to the income tax distribution table of the head office for each quarter.

Second, the financial accounting of the branch. The financial accounting of the branch can be consistent with the accounting of the head office, and it should be noted that the current accounting between the head office and the branch can be noted. The current accounting of the head office can add an internal current account under the monetary fund account, or it can be managed through the auxiliary accounting of other receivables or other payables.

1. Application of internal correspondence accounts. At the same time, the head office adds internal current accounts under monetary funds, and sets sub-accounts for internal transactions, and internal transactions - principal, tax, and profit are added according to the needs of the company.

For example, the head office of the branch company initially allocates a principal of 100,000 yuan, and the head office keeps accounts and debits: internal transactions - the principal is 100,000 yuan.

Credit: Bank deposit of 100,000 yuan. Branch bookkeeping, debit:

Bank deposit of 100,000 yuan. Credit: Internal transactions - principal of 100,000 yuan.

2. The application of other receivables or other accounts payable merchants to assist in accounting.

The head office uses other receivables or other receivables at the same time, and the accounting method is the same as that for internal transactions.

The head office uses other receivables, and the branch uses other receivables. For example, the head office pays a salary of 50,000 yuan on behalf of the branch, and the head office keeps accounts and debits

Other receivables - wages - 50,000 yuan for branches. Credit: Bank deposit of 50,000 yuan.

Branch bookkeeping, debit: management expenses - salary of 50,000 yuan. Credit:

Other payables - wages - 50,000 yuan from the head office.

1. The branch is not an independent legal person, and its accounts can not be accounted for separately, but merged into the headquarters, and the branch is used as an internal accounting unit to only do current accounts. You can set the "Internal Transactions" ledger account to process internal transactions.

2. The branch is a non-independent accounting unit, and the industrial and commercial administrative department of the place of registration only issues Zheng Fu's "Business License" and does not issue the "Business License of Enterprise Legal Person". There are two accounting methods for branches: one is the accounting system; The second is the account-sharing system.

1. Accounting system: the branch has a cashier, and there is no accounting. The cashier only keeps a running account of cash and bank deposits. Invoices and other original vouchers are sent to the head office for accounting every month.

2. Split account system. The branch has an accountant and a cashier to account for the business activities of the branch. The accounting statements of the branch are sent to the head office every month, and the head office consolidates and submits them to the relevant departments.

Under the sub-account system, the economic and business transactions between the head office and the branch are set up as "internal current accounts". The head office has set up an account of "other receivables - branches"; The branch office has an account of "Other Payables - Head Office". At the time of consolidation, the internal transactions between the head office and the branch are exactly hedged to zero.

In this way, even if there are two or more branches under the head office, the accounting will not be chaotic.

3. Regardless of whether the branch does accounts independently or not, the tax payment is the same. That is, in accordance with the implementation of the enterprise income tax collection and management measures of "unified calculation, hierarchical management, local prepayment, summary liquidation, and financial adjustment" of cross-regional operating branches and head offices. For details, please refer to the document Guo Shui Fa [2008] No. 28 "Notice of the State Administration of Taxation on Printing and Distributing the Interim Measures for the Administration of the Collection and Administration of Enterprise Income Tax for Cross-regional Business Aggregation and Taxation".

How to do the accounts of the branch with independent accounting, and how to do the accounts of the head office?

If the head office and the branch can be accounted for independently, the two parties can account independently. An independent accounting unit shall generally meet the following conditions at the same time: (1) an economic unit with the status of a legal person; (2) Have a complete accounting work organization system; (3) Independently prepare financial income and expenditure plans and fund balance sheets, and calculate profits and losses by themselves.

When funds are exchanged: borrow: other receivables - branches, credit:

Bank Deposits. When the branch receives the funds: borrow:

Bank Deposits, Credit: Other Payables - Head Office. Accrual of wages and social security expenses:

Borrow: administrative expenses, selling expenses, credit: wages payable.

Social Security Payment: Borrow: Wages Payable Other Receivables, Credit:

Bank Deposits Other receivables. Payment of wages: borrowed:

Wages Payable, Credit: Bank Deposits, Other Receivables.

There are two specific ways to make accounts for the branches under the head office:

1. If the head office and the branch can be accounted for independently, the two parties can account independently.

The independent accounting unit should generally meet the following conditions at the same time:

1) An economic position with the status of a legal person;

(2) Have a complete accounting work organization system;

(3) Independently prepare financial income and expenditure plans and fund balance sheets, and calculate profits and losses by themselves.

4) Open an independent account in the bank, which can handle the purchase and sale business and currency settlement. In administrative and public institutions, those that conduct comprehensive accounting and independently prepare final accounts in the process of budget implementation are also called independent accounting units, such as institutions of higher learning, certain secondary specialized schools, middle schools, etc.

2. If it is not an independent accounting, it is necessary to set up the enterprise income tax category and declare and pay the enterprise income tax according to the legal person enterprise.

1) Non-independent accounting refers to the accounting carried out by units that do not have complete accounting vouchers and accounting book systems, and only record part of the economic business.

2) Non-independent accounting refers to the unit receiving a certain amount of materials and money from the superior unit to engage in business activities, not independently calculating profits and losses, and reporting the daily economic and business information to the superior for centralized accounting.

1. The branch is not an independent accounting, of course, it is invoiced in the name of the head office. 2. Even if you receive the invoice from the tax bureau, you have to get it from the head office, and then you will get it back and issue it by the company that has a good time. After issuance, return to the head office to report the lead account.

For the cancellation of the branch, there is no need for liquidation, and the debts of the branch are borne by the company. However, if a branch engages in civil activities in its own name, the civil liability arising shall be borne by the legal person.