Advantages and disadvantages of decentralization, what is decentralization

Decentralization is mainly an important measure to address the excessive concentration of power. Excessive concentration of power has both the problem of horizontal concentration of power at the same level and the problem of vertical concentration of power between superiors and subordinates. As far as horizontal centralization is concerned, the old system was characterized by an excessive concentration of power in administrative, economic, and cultural organizations and mass organizations in the party committees, the power of the party committees in a few secretaries, and the power of the secretaries in the first secretary.

As far as vertical concentration is concerned, it means that all the power of the lower levels is concentrated in the superiors, and the power of the whole country is concentrated in the first place. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the party and state system.

On the issue of excessive concentration of power, it is necessary to decentralize power both horizontally and vertically.

Decentralization of authority is a term for management science and technology published in 2016.

The process of transferring power from the top of an organization or the organization's headquarters to a lower level or lower organizational unit.

Advantages: It can enable grassroots personnel or organizations to have more autonomy and decision-making power, and improve their enthusiasm and work efficiency; It can enable grassroots personnel or organizations to better adapt to market changes and better meet customer needs; It can reduce the management cost of the organization and improve the overall efficiency of the organization.

Disadvantages: If the delegation of power is improper, it may lead to problems such as decentralization, abuse of power, and slow decision-making; If the grassroots personnel or organization lack the necessary skills and knowledge, it may lead to problems such as reduced work quality and low work efficiency; If the delegation of authority is not done properly, it may lead to problems such as contradictions and conflicts within the organization.

For example, you are the class leader, you delegate the right to check attendance to the life committee, and you can always sell some favors by putting a piece of water, so you gave this beauty to the life committee, but one day there was a mess, and the class was late for only 8 out of 10, and the teacher found out, so he began to hold him accountable, and the life committee has a certain responsibility, but you are the person in charge, and the main responsibility lies with your class leader.

There is another situation: you are the class leader, and there is a person in your class who always does not hand in homework, but you are always scolded when you hand it over to the teacher, so you let the leader of the classmate who always does not hand in the homework collect the homework of their group alone, and then let the group leader directly hand it over to the teacher, at this time, you delegate the right of their group to collect homework to their group leader, so it is no longer you who is scolded.

Got it.

I want you to earn money to spend on him.

It's not given for free, it's a power and money transaction!!

There aren't so many good things in the world!

The boss only cares about the direction, and how to figure it out himself.

Worries: 1) Unified government decrees and consistent standards facilitate overall planning. 2) Command is convenient, and orders are easy to carry out.

3) It is conducive to the formation of a unified corporate image. 4) It is easy to form an overwhelming momentum. 5) It is conducive to concentrating on coping with the crisis.

Deficiencies: 1. Reduce the quality of decision-making In a highly centralized organization, with the expansion of the scale of the organization, the top managers of the organization are far away from the grassroots, and the problems that occur at the grassroots level are reported after being reported at various levels, which not only affects the correctness of decision-making, but also affects the timeliness of decision-making. 2. Reduce the organization's ability to adapt Organizations in a dynamic environment must constantly adjust to changes in various factors in the environment.

An overly centralized organization may make various departments lose the ability to adapt and self-adjust, thereby weakening the resilience of the organization as a whole. 3. It is not conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm of subordinates Due to the high degree of centralization, almost all decision-making power is concentrated in the top management, and as a result, middle and lower managers have become pure executives, who do not have any decision-making power, voice and autonomy. Over time, their motivation, creativity, and initiative will be eroded, their enthusiasm for work will be lost, and their level of concern for the organization will be diminished.

4. Hindering information exchange In a highly centralized organization, because there are multiple levels of management between the decision-making level, that is, the top management and the middle and lower level of the executive unit, the information transmission route is long, and there are many links, so the exchange of information is more difficult, making it difficult to convey the situation.

It is used in principle by the State, as stated in the Interpretation of the Motives section of the French Ordinance of 28 March 1852: "We can manage from afar as well as from near". It is an antithesis and perfection of decentralization.

Delegated personnel and functions are the responsibility of their superiors, and hierarchical controls are imposed on personnel (appointments, discipline, etc.) and their behavior (superiors can cancel the decisions of subordinates, issue instructions to them, or modify their decisions). The decentralized body still maintains the integrity of an institution, allowing legal persons to intervene in the management of the act.

Thus, it provides the country with a more efficient and rapid response capacity, as visualized by Odilon Barrot (French nineteenth-century statesman): "It is hammered with the same hammer, but we shorten its handle." ”

In France, the policy of decentralization has been very effectively promoted, with 95 per cent of administrative staff serving in decentralized bodies, accounting for two thirds of the total expenditure.

It is exercised within a geographical scope:

Region, the limits of the implementation of the general law of the région.

Provincial département

District arrondissement

Township Canton

Municipal municipalité

It is also practiced in various areas, such as the Court of Appeal, the Golf Academy, and the Military Region.