What is Isomeration? What does it do? What are the conditions for its reaction?

Isomerization is the process of changing the structure of a compound without changing its molecular weight. Generally refers to the change in the position of atoms or groups in the molecule of an organic compound. It is often carried out in the presence of a catalyst.

There are two main types: gas phase method and liquid phase method. According to the most representative raw materials in the industry, it is divided into:

Alkane. Isomerization of C4, C5, C6 alkanes:

Isomerization. Isomerization of olefins, such as isomerization of 1-butene:

Isomerization. Aromatic hydrocarbon.

isomerization, such as xylene.

Isomerization of ethylbenzene:

Isomerization. Isomerization of naphthenes, such as:

Common functional groups and their names:1. X (halogen: F, CL, BR, socks I, etc.)

2. OH (hydroxyl group).

3. Cho (aldehyde group).

4. COOH (carboxyl).

5. Coo- (ester group).

6. Co- (carbonyl).

7. O- (ether bond).

8. c=c- (carbon-carbon double bond).

9. C c- (carbon carbon triple bond).

10. NH2 (amino).

11. NH-Co- (peptide bond).

12. NO2 (nitro).

13. SO3H sulfonic acid group.

resulting in isomerism.

Organic matter is classified according to composition, carbon chain, functional groups and homologues.

There are three types of isomerism of organic matter: carbon chain isomerism, functional group position isomerism, and functional group type isomerism. For the same kind of organic matter, the isomerism caused by the different positions of the functional groups is the positional isomerism of the functional groups, and the following 8 isomers of vinyl chloride reflect the isomerism caused by the carbon-carbon double bond and the different positions of the chlorine atom.

For the same atomic composition, different functional groups are formed, thus forming different classes of organic matter, which is the type isomerism of functional groups. For example, aldehydes and ketones with the same number of carbon atoms, carboxylic acids and esters with the same number of carbon atoms are all isomers of different types of organic matter caused by the formation of different functional groups.

Isomerization hail is the process of changing the structure of a compound without changing its molecular weight. Generally, it refers to the change of the position of the original Yu Zen sedan chair or group in the molecule of an organic compound, but its composition and molecular weight do not change. It often runs rampant in the presence of a catalyst.

A reaction process in which compound molecules undergo structural rearrangement without changing their composition and molecular weight. The structural rearrangement of hydrocarbon molecules mainly includes the transfer of alkyl groups, the movement of double bonds, and the movement of carbon chains. The reaction is usually carried out with the action of a catalyst.

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There are structural isomerism and stereoisomerism.

Structural isomerism is when the structure of the molecule is not the same (e.g., the position of the branched chain, the difference in the functional groups of naphthenes and alkenes).

Stereoisomerism is when the spatial structure of the molecule is different, for example, the 4 positions on the hand-shaped carbon atom can divide the molecule into an S-type configuration or an R-type configuration.

Now the most important practical applications are stereoisomerism, the analysis of hand type C, the study of type S and type R (for example, in some medicines, type S drugs are effective, while type R is ineffective and may even cause cancer).

Reaction conditions are generally related to their reaction mechanism, such as SN1 reactions (single-molecule substitution reactions), which require strong nucleophiles.

The role or process by which one isomer interconverts into another isomer. The process of changing the structure of a compound without changing its composition and molecular weight. Generally refers to the change in the position of atoms or groups in the molecule of an organic compound. It is often carried out in the presence of a catalyst.

The isomerization unit is similar to a normal hydrorefining unit. Taking butane isomerization as an example (see figure), the butane feed is separated from isobutane by a deisobutane tower, and the bottom of the column is mainly n-butane, which is mixed with hydrogen and heated into the reactor. The reaction pressure is about, the temperature is 145 205, the molar ratio of hydrogen and hydrocarbons is 3 5h-1.

The reaction product is separated from hydrogen by a separator (recycled), and then a small amount of pyrolysis gas (used as fuel gas) is separated by a stabilization tower and then removed from the isobutane tower. The n-butane cycle at the bottom of the column is reactive, and the yield of isobutane can reach more than 90. When isobutane is used as an alkylation supplement, the unit can be combined with an alkylation unit to form a single unit, which saves equipment and investment.

During the isomerization of C5 and C6 hydrocarbons, the octane number of the obtained product can only increase by 10 12 units compared with the raw material because all the n-teric hydrocarbons cannot be completely isomerized. In order to further improve the isomerization effect, a full isomerization process has been developed in recent years, that is, the reactants are separated by molecular sieve adsorption, so that the normal meric and isomers are separated, and the orthomeric part is returned to the isomerization reactor, so that the octane number of the final product can be increased by 20 22 units compared with the raw material.

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Isomerization is the transformation of organic matter into its isomers.

Isomerization is the process of changing the structure of a compound without changing its molecular weight. Generally refers to the change in the position of atoms or groups in the molecule of an organic compound. It is often carried out in the presence of a catalyst.

There are two main types: gas phase method and liquid phase method. According to the most representative raw materials in the industry, it is divided into:

Isomerization of alkanes, such as C4, C5, C6 alkanes:

Isomerization of olefins, such as 1-butene:

Isomerization Isomerization of aromatic hydrocarbons, such as isomerization of xylene, ethylbenzene:

Isomerization of naphthenes, such as:

The reaction from a compound to its isomer is called isomeric equilibrium athereumization.

The reaction from a compound to its isomer is called an isomerization reaction. For example, n-butane can be isomerized at 27 degrees Celsius in the presence of aluminum tribromide and hydrogen bromide to form isobutane.

For example, the propylene group is in koh-etoh (170 degrees).

or Fe(Co)4 will be isomerized, and the position of the double bond will be shifted, which means that the end-group carbon charge is having a hard time. Under certain conditions, this carbon runs over to other carbons, causing its charge to be dispersed.

makes this compound more stable.

Isomerization is the process of changing the structure of a compound without changing its molecular weight. Generally refers to the change in the position of atoms or groups in the molecule of an organic compound. It is often carried out in the presence of a catalyst.

There are two main types: gas phase method and liquid phase method. According to the most representative raw materials in the industry, it is divided into:

Isomerization of alkanes, such as C4, C5, C6 alkanes:

Isomerization of olefins, such as 1-butene:

Isomerization Isomerization of aromatic hydrocarbons, such as isomerization of xylene, ethylbenzene:

Isomerization of naphthenes, such as: