How are out of season vegetables and fruits grown, and can you tell us about the specific measures t

Hello, happy with your question.

At present, there are three main ways to cultivate out-of-season vegetables:

1) Alpine off-season cultivation. This is a technique for producing heat-sensitive vegetables during the hot season. The principle is that in the hot summer and autumn, the low-altitude Pingchuan area cannot be planted due to the high temperature, and in the high-altitude mountainous area, because the temperature decreases with the increase in altitude, it is still relatively cool, and the heat-sensitive vegetables that cannot be planted in the Pingchuan area due to high temperature can be planted.

The purpose of alpine off-season vegetable cultivation is to; Vegetables in August-October"Autumn light"In season, the market is served with fresh vegetables in a variety of colors. Therefore, it is necessary to take the marketing period as the basis, and reasonably arrange the sowing period according to the growth period of various types and varieties. There are many types of vegetables suitable for off-season cultivation in the high mountains, and the main ones in our city are:

Chinese cabbage, cabbage, celery, cauliflower, radish, carrots, tomatoes, peppers, green beans, and more. The altitude of the mountainous area, which is suitable for the cultivation of alpine off-season vegetables, is generally more than 800 meters in our city.

2) Cultivation in thermal insulation facilities. This is a cultivation technique for cultivating cold-sensitive vegetables during the cold season. The main thermal insulation facilities are:

Plastic greenhouses, plastic small arch sheds, mulch film coverings, electric heating hotbeds. Cultivation of thermal insulation facilities in our city is mainly for some vegetables in early spring to grab the early market and late autumn to postpone**. On the fertilizer, Ribery Yanwo water-soluble fertilizer can be applied, and the effect of frost damage prevention is better.

The types of vegetables that are available in the morning are: water spinach, cucumbers, eggplant, bell peppers, green beans, edamame, fungus and so on. There are also autumn and winter cucumbers, late autumn tomatoes, green beans, cowpeas, bell peppers and so on.

3) Shade net cultivation technology. Shade net is a new type of covering material, which has different weaving densities according to the light transmittance requirements. Black shade nets are generally used.

Covering vegetables with it can play the role of shading, windproof, rainstorm and increasing the humidity of the garden, so it is conducive to overcoming the adverse effects of strong light, heavy rain and high temperature on vegetable production in summer and autumn, and achieve the purpose of increasing vegetable varieties in the hot season, improving quality and meeting people's needs.

The vegetables and fruits grown out of season are generally high-yielding, because his fertilizer and soil are more nutritious, and everything uses a dropper type, so it is computer-controlled.

1. In the production and sales process of out-of-season vegetables and greenhouse vegetables, there will be subjective initiative in consideration of factors such as market demand and economic interests.

2. The production and sales of off-season vegetables and greenhouse vegetables are determined by the actual situation and technical level of vegetable planting and production in various places; On the other hand, it is determined by factors such as market demand and economic interests.

In this process, the subjective decisions of producers and sellers affect the form and quantity of production and sales.

3 In the actual production and sales process, if producers and sellers can realize the importance of environmental protection and food safety, as well as the sense of responsibility to protect the natural environment and consumer health, they can better reflect the subjective initiative while economic interests and market demand.

At the same time, consumers can also choose to grow vegetables and buy authentic seasonal vegetables to realize their own initiative and concern for environmental protection and health.

1. Build a greenhouse.

First of all, it is necessary to choose an area with flat terrain, convenient water sources, not too much wind, and sufficient sunlight to build a greenhouse, preferably in a plain and hilly area. Greenhouses are mainly divided into winter warming greenhouses and spring and autumn greenhouses, of which winter warming greenhouses are planted in winter, and spring and autumn are suitable for planting in late autumn and early spring. After building the greenhouse, it is necessary to carry out disinfection and sterilization work, you can use high temperature stuffy shed or agent disinfection, which is extremely effective for pest control, in the first half month of planting, you can spray more than 100 dust agent in the shed, and then use chlorothalonil smoke agent for smoking after sealing, about a week later, spray carbendazim agent on the ground, you can achieve excellent disinfection and sterilization effect.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization.

Before planting, we must first mix nutrient soil in the greenhouse, which is the key point of vegetable growth, and generally choose fertile soil when planting, and apply organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer in combination with land preparation. Pay attention to the time and method when fertilizing, fertilize one month before planting, pay attention to the amount of fertilizer when fertilizing, sprinkle fertilizer on the soil, plough it, mix it evenly with the soil, in addition to fermentation treatment before fertilization, apply well-rotted fertilizer, so as not to ferment in the soil to produce toxic gases, endanger the growth of lettuce.

3. Choose a vegetable variety.

Out-of-season vegetables are not all vegetables can be grown, to choose cold-resistant, disease-resistant, early-maturing varieties, so as to reduce the impact of low temperature on vegetables, such as zucchini, tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, cucumbers, loofahs and other vegetables, in addition to spinach, cabbage and other vegetables can be planted in winter, the yield will be higher.

4. Field management.

Vegetables should be planted by grasping the nest when planting, and organic fertilizer should be applied in the hole when planting, which can improve the survival rate, in addition, after planting, it is necessary to water the seedlings in time to maintain soil moisture, different vegetables have different needs for water, which should control the number of watering to meet the growth needs of different vegetables. It is also necessary to loosen the soil and weeds regularly to avoid weeds from grabbing nutrients and affecting the growth of vegetables, and loosening the soil can promote the growth of seedling roots more smoothly. In addition, it is found that the diseased and weak plants should be removed in time to avoid the spread of pests and diseases, and it is necessary to spray auxin and growth inhibitors reasonably to strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and pests.

5. Heat preservation, moisturizing and cold protection.

The key point of off-season vegetable planting is to do a good job of heat preservation, moisturizing and cold protection, in the seedlings lack of water, low ground temperature, low night temperature, insufficient root nutrition, weak cold resistance these three situations, may lead to frost damage. Therefore, in view of these conditions, it is necessary to maintain soil moisture at all times; Loosen the soil regularly to prevent soil compaction; Spray foliar fertilizer regularly to increase plant nutrition; Regular ventilation reduces the emission of toxic gases such as carbon dioxide, and can also make vegetables adapt to the outside temperature; At night, cover with multiple layers of plastic wrap to reduce the heat dissipation of the shed.

1.How much does a one-acre greenhouse need to be invested? The cost of building a shed is generally about 7,000 yuan per acre of single-layer plastic shed. The main thing is to buy cement, plastic and bamboo and wire.

2.How many years can a greenhouse last? Usually a shed can be used for two to three years, depending on the climate conditions in your place, is there often strong winds?

If you need a shorter time for the greenhouse, the cement pillars and bamboo rackets of the greenhouse can be used for 5 years without a problem, the plastic used in the greenhouse is consumable, generally after the first winter use, the summer and autumn of the next year can be removed and stored, and the second year can also be used, and the small damage can be repaired. How much profit is a shed in a year? It depends on what you plant, like planting watermelons in a greenhouse on an acre of land in Shandong, it is no problem to earn 4000-7000 after going to the capital, and there are more than 4000 profits in a season of potatoes.

If you want to grow cabbage, you will only lose money. So you should first investigate your local situation to see which vegetables are worth the price in winter before planting.

3.If you specialize in vegetable greenhouses, how many people do you need to manage a greenhouse? In Shandong, only one person is needed to do a good job in daily management of the greenhouse of one acre of land. Special situations such as planting, pollination, and harvesting can be called in to help.

4.How to solve the problem of vegetable sales? Will there be a phenomenon that it cannot be sold after planting?

Possibly, so be sure to inquire about the market before investing. Shandong has formed a scale, so the dishes in all seasons are not worried. You can go to the local wholesale vegetable market to find out what to grow, when to market, who to sell, etc.

5.I'm from Hubei. How many months does it take to greenhouse vegetables each year?The time of your greenhouses is shorter, and the greenhouses can generally be used for a total of months in winter and spring. It also depends on what kind of crop you're growing.

6.You can learn this in that place. Would it be okay to stay at a friend's house for a month or two?

Shandong Shouguang is a famous vegetable township, our vegetable growers will basically hire people to help, you can come here to work in the greenhouse, while learning technology.

I hope you realize your dream soon!

1. It takes about 50,000 yuan to build a new greenhouse.

2 About 10 years What is the profit divided?

3 2 to 3 people.

4 You can go to the market and buy it.

5 You can go to the agricultural materials to study.

1. Choose the best insulation quilt with good insulation effect, for example, Anxin Hengchang shed quilt factory is good.

2. Use non-dripping film A layer of water droplets is attached to the plastic greenhouse film, which can reduce the light transmittance by 20 30. Because there are no water droplets attached to the surface of the non-dripping film, the light transmittance can be improved, and the amount of light entering can be increased, which is conducive to improving the yield and quality of vegetables. 3. Select excellent varieties suitable for greenhouse cultivation The use of plastic greenhouses to cultivate vegetables has strict requirements for varieties.

Cucumbers cultivated in warm plastic greenhouses in winter should be selected with varieties that are resistant to low temperature and low light.

4. The use of grafting seedling technology The use of grafting seedlings for greenhouse vegetables can overcome soil continuous cropping diseases, prevent the occurrence of root diseases, and can effectively promote root development, improve the ability of roots to withstand low temperatures, so as to enhance the disease resistance of plants.

The use of plant ash, in winter and spring, due to the closed greenhouse, high humidity, vegetables are prone to disease, the use of plant ash can effectively prevent the occurrence of various diseases. Uniform application of plant ash to the ground can increase ground temperature, reduce soil moisture, and if plant ash is applied to the soil, it can also play a role in loosening the soil, increasing fertility and improving the stress resistance of seedlings.

In winter, the temperature is low, and the temperature in the greenhouse can be increased to reduce the temperature difference between day and night to prevent frostbite and necrosis of vegetables.