What are the geographical conditions required for greenhouse vegetable planting?

Are you in the South or North at the moment? Different areas have different requirements for greenhouses. In the north, due to the abundant sunlight, there are more solar greenhouses, and there are generally many warming facilities in winter greenhouses, which can produce out-of-season vegetables.

In the south, the climate is relatively humid and the light is insufficient, so generally no solar greenhouses are built, and steel frames or bamboo frames are built for production. Taking Sichuan as an example (we are in Sichuan) to build a greenhouse, the following aspects should be considered: 1. Is the transportation convenient?

2. Is the position flat? This requirement is not particularly strict, but it is best to have a flat area suitable for the layout of the greenhouse. 3. Is the water source convenient?

4. What is the condition of the soil? Don't choose areas where vegetables have been cultivated for many years, as pests and diseases are more serious and soil consumption is greater. 5. What is the status of the labor force?

This point is more important, vegetables itself is a labor-intensive industry, in the rural labor force is now relatively lacking, it is best to find an area with sufficient labor, in addition to the labor force of the ** you also have to consider, because the annual production of labor costs is a considerable part of the input, so you have to investigate this point more. Of course, if you're only going to do it yourself and don't have a lot of area, you don't have to think too much about it. 6. The direction of the greenhouse layout is generally north-south to ensure the maximum use of light.

7. Finally, I will tell you about the cost of greenhouses in Sichuan. The cost of the bamboo frame shed (6 meters wide and 40 meters long) is about 3,000 yuan per acre, because the way of erecting the scaffolding is different, and the lowest is about 2,000 yuan per mu. The cost of the steel frame shed (8 meters wide and 40 meters long) is about 30 yuan square meters, and one acre of shed is about 18,000.

It's just that if you build it yourself, it's about 25 yuan square meters.

The principle is conducive to the heating and thermal insulation of the greenhouse in winter, the cooling effect should be good during the high temperature period, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil should be conducive to vegetable production, disease prevention, and convenient production.

Sufficient sunlight, such as a long frost period in winter, requires warming facilities.

the duration of ventilation and lighting; Geography: to facilitate transportation and picking; In terms of land: be fertile and organic

Reasonable watering is an important measure to ensure the healthy growth of greenhouse vegetables and improve yield. The temperature is low in winter, and the watering of greenhouse vegetables is different from other seasons. According to experience, greenhouse planting is a very deep science, for different crops and different regions, seasons will be different, some of the main indicators of concern are still about the same, including:

Light, temperature (air and soil), humidity (air and soil), carbon dioxide concentration, etc.

The change law of air humidity in the greenhouse: the plastic film is strongly sealed, the exchange of air in the greenhouse and the outside air is hindered, and the water vapor of soil evaporation and leaf transpiration is difficult to disperse. As a result, there is a high humidity in the shed.

During the day, in the case of greenhouse ventilation, there are a lot to pay attention to when planting vegetables in greenhouses, the varieties of vegetables, the sales of the market and the technical management of vegetables, etc., according to your questions, it is generally about the level of management technology.

First, the most important thing is temperature. The temperature in the greenhouse is very high, and when the temperature is high, it can reach 378 degrees, and such a high temperature is extremely dangerous for crops, and it is easy to burn the leaves. Now our family has planted peppers just started to raise seedlings, and carried peppers into the greenhouse, a greenhouse 9 points of land, more than 1,000 pepper seedlings, a week of watering and fertilization, reasonable watering and fertilization, now we can get a certain subsidy as long as we are returning to the hometown entrepreneurs; So, what problems do we need to pay attention to when planting vegetables in greenhouses in rural areas?

Liufang is here to share her views and opinions.

When choosing the construction of the greenhouse, we must pay attention to the area of the greenhouse, we sometimes feel that the closer the greenhouse is when building the greenhouse, the better, in fact, this approach is wrong, it is best to choose to leave some spacing between the greenhouse and the greenhouse, then you have to inspect the market, what to plant when the market is good. Greenhouse planting is out of season and the market is lacking, as long as the quality and yield can go up, the profit is good, then you have to understand the greenhouse planting technology, grasp these three points is the key.

Greenhouse organic vegetable planting technology is to eliminate the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in the growth process of vegetables, in each growth cycle of vegetables, according to its growth law, through some agricultural technology, improve vegetable quality and yield. At the same time, through physical temperature control and other means, the greenhouse vegetables are planted out of season to meet the needs of people's daily life. The matters that need to be paid attention to when growing vegetables in greenhouses are, first of all, to choose excellent vegetable varieties, as well as to determine a reasonable planting time, as well as strict treatment of the soil, as well as the selection of fertilizers and planting techniques, etc.

Greenhouse planting vegetables need skills when planting vegetables, you need to plant finely, you can't be careless when planting, you must choose the variety of planting, the time of planting, the temperature of planting and the mastery of water, so that the yield and quality will be the best.

In fact, it is planted in the way of nutrient solution, and the type of vegetables is improved, which can fundamentally avoid some insect pests, and the planting process still has to pay attention to temperature, moisture, sunlight, and nutrition.

Most of them are greenhouse planting technology, we must pay attention to ventilation when planting, we must pay attention to lighting, and we should also pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases, which are very important and should be scientifically cultivated.

There are differences between greenhouse vegetable planting and open planting in terms of light, temperature and humidity, air flow, carbon dioxide, topsoil salinity, etc.

1. Low illumination: Vegetable plastic cultivation, due to the light covered by plastic, the aging of old materials, dust pollution, water droplet refraction, frame material shading, and the change of building orientation, will reduce the light transmittance of sunlight. Therefore, the illumination in the plastic shed is lower than that in the open field.

When purchasing materials for building sheds, lighting should be fully considered to improve the utilization rate of light energy.

2. Large temperature difference: under the closed conditions of the plastic shed, the temperature difference between day and night is particularly large, up to 10-20. Proper temperature difference between day and night can increase photosynthesis and reduce respiration, which is conducive to the accumulation of substances.

However, the temperature difference is too large, which is not conducive to the growth and development of vegetables. Therefore, the temperature should be adjusted according to the needs of the crop in production to prevent the occurrence of high or low temperature hazards.

3. High humidity: the humidity in the plastic shed is high and low, the relative humidity of the air changes with the change of humidity, the humidity is high around noon, the relative humidity of the air is low, the temperature is low at night, and the relative humidity of the air is high. In the closed shed, the air humidity is low during the day, the air humidity reaches the lowest at noon, and the air humidity gradually increases at night, even if it is sunny, its relative humidity often reaches more than 90, and lasts for more than 8-9 hours, and the water vapor volume (absolute air humidity) is more than 5 times higher than the outside air.

High air humidity is not conducive to the growth and development of most vegetables, and provides favorable conditions for the occurrence and spread of a variety of diseases.

4. Slow airflow: In a closed plastic shed, the lateral movement of the airflow is almost equal to zero, and the longitudinal movement is not as active as the open field. The air flow is stationary or running slowly, the blades are in the same position for a long time, the amount of light received is relatively reduced, and it also affects the activity of carbon dioxide, and the dense area of the blades is seriously lacking in carbon dioxide, which affects the progress of photosynthesis.

Therefore, when cultivating vegetables in plastic sheds, it is necessary to exchange air inside and outside the shed through artificial ventilation to maintain a certain air flow rate, so as to avoid the premature aging, disease and flower and fruit drop of the lower leaves caused by poor ventilation.

5. Insufficient carbon dioxide: Because the carbon dioxide required by plants for photosynthesis far exceeds the carbon dioxide released by respiration, the lack of carbon dioxide in relatively closed sheds is frequent. The magnitude of the change in carbon dioxide varies throughout the day.

The content was lower from sunrise to 10 o'clock, and the carbon dioxide content was highest before photosynthesis in vegetables from sunset to dawn. According to research, the most carbon dioxide is consumed in the morning, accounting for 70% of the photosynthetic amount of the day. Therefore, it is advisable to replenish carbon dioxide in the shed in the morning.

6. Topsoil salt accumulation: the plastic shed is not washed by rain, the air temperature and soil temperature are higher than that of the open field, and the soil evaporation is large, because the salt rises with the soil moisture, resulting in the accumulation of soil surface salt, the longer the cultivation time, the more soil salt accumulates.