Why is Yongsan black pottery black

Meticulous craftsmanship.

When making black pottery, in order to make the black evenly distributed on the surface of the pottery, the requirements for the soil are very strict, and the soil must be fine, and the particle size and density are uniform. Therefore, the selection of good soil is the first priority, the soil of black pottery is taken from the red clay of the Yellow River Basin, and it must be pure and not mixed with other soil particles. This kind of soil is formed by the weathering and accumulation of carbonate rocks over tens of thousands of years, and the soil is fine, and it is a fine clay.

In order to avoid the bubbles that appear when the blank is drawn, and at the same time produce a good 'strength', the clay billet should be aged for a year to a year. During this time, the water molecules become uniform and dense. Blank forming can only be done once, otherwise the soil will have to wait for half a year, because re-drawing the blank will destroy the compactness and strength of the soil.

The anti-white ink paintings--- and today, the black pottery made by pottery artists adds more charm than the antiquities of Zhilongshan. The black pottery excavated in Yongsan is all black, but today's potters take advantage of the characteristics brought by smoked slag charcoal to make the black pottery show a rich and colorful pattern through superb carving skills. So that it realizes the recreation of this folk craft.

Due to the results of the penetration of black test carbon particles on the surface of black pottery, the carbon particles gathered on the surface are the most numerous and the color is the deepest. The deeper you go into the surface, the less carbon particles enter and the lighter the color. The "Qin and Han dynasties" transplanted the carving technique of shadow carving to the black pottery, and experienced the characteristics of the black pottery before going deeper, so that the black, white and gray patterns on the surface of the black pottery were clearly layered, and it was simply a Chinese ink painting with anti-white, and the forest people were amazed.

Many painters come here in the hope of using black pottery shadow carvings to realize their works.

The carbon particles make it have a pitch-black and bright **, and the shadow carving makes it have an ink painting-like pattern, and the black pottery shows people the highest level of pottery.

Pitch black and shiny, and the carvings are distinctly layered, this is black pottery. The pottery process of black pottery is the pinnacle of the development of pottery, reaching the point of perfection, and it is a miracle in the history of human pottery.

The first appearance of black pottery was in 1928, when Mr. Wu Jinding, a famous archaeologist in China, discovered it during archaeological excavation in Longshan Town, Zhangqiu, Shandong. His dark and shiny appearance is quite distinctive, and it can be seen that it is very skillfully fired. After dating, the black pottery was dated to the late Neolithic period between 2600 BC and 2000 BC, and it represents the primitive civilization of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River during this period.

Scholars name the civilization of this period as 'Longshan Culture', that is, after the site of the first excavation.

However, it is puzzling how the shiny black surface of black pottery is formed. It is not a pigment application, it is completely different from the production process of faience, and the various colors on the faience are glazed.

In order to uncover the mystery of black pottery, it took generations of scholars 61 years to finally decipher the mystery in 1989. It turns out that the pitch-black color of the black pottery is formed by 'smoked slag carbon'.

After the pottery blank is shaped and calendered, put into the kiln, and then seal the kiln, after a certain period of time, let the smoke in the kiln circulate around the pottery, so that the carbon particles in the smoke gradually penetrate into the body, and then form the unique color of the black pottery.

Longshan black pottery is divided into three kinds of fine mud, mud and sand, the production level of fine mud thin-walled black pottery is the highest, the thickness of the tire wall is only about millimeters, and the surface is black and shiny, so it is called eggshell black pottery. The ornamentation is generally relatively simple, only with the polished and translucent luster as the main decorative content of the vessel, and the organic combination of black, which is the style of black pottery showing beautiful charm.

Black pottery refers to black pottery that is made through a carbonization process during the firing process. It was first discovered in the Longshan culture and is one of the most important features of the Longshan culture. The Longshan culture dates from 2310 BC to 1810 BC and is divided into the Longshan culture of Henan Province, the Longshan culture of Shaanxi Province and the Longshan culture of Shandong Province, collectively known as the Longshan period.

Pottery from the Yongsan period comes in gray, red, and black, the most famous of which is black pottery. Black pottery is a kind of black pottery, with thin embryos, dense fetal bones, and black and bright color. It is the most beautifully made pottery in Yongsan culture.

<> product featuresThe production of black pottery generally adopts fast wheels, and its shape is symmetrical, neat, fine workmanship, high temperature and hard texture. Because its application range is mostly ceremonial utensils, it is rarely used in daily utensils, so the production is small, but it is also precious. As the carrier of the original etiquette and exquisite works of art of the Han ancestors, Longshan black pottery has always had the mysterious and alluring charm of black pearls.

History and Folklore In southeast China, Yuyao, Zhejiang Province in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River has the Hemudu culture, about 7,000 years ago, and is one of the earliest Neolithic sites found in China so far. The unearthed black pottery, with low heat and thick walls, is handmade. The shape is simple and uneven, showing the original pottery of the time.

The main utensils are stoves, pots, pots, basins, plates, etc. Decorative techniques include carving, pinching, stacking, etc. There are various geometric patterns and animal and plant patterns.

Among them, the decorations such as animals, fish, birds, flowers and plants are the most representative. Typical pottery has a pig-patterned pot with a picture of a pig with large eyes, a long voice, and a clear mane. There are rice ear pig pattern pottery pots, fish grass pattern pottery pots, and five-leaf pattern square pots.

The pottery of Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, and Guangxi can be divided into early and late periods. The early Jomon coarse red pottery, the later clay red pottery, black pottery, and faience pottery. At this time, geometrically printed pottery appeared, which was a precursor to widespread popularity in southern China during the Shang and Zhou dynasties.

The characteristic of black pottery is that the production process is more difficult, the production process is very complex, it needs to go through many processes, it needs to go through many times of re-furnace reconstruction, the forging process is more complicated, it needs to go through many steps, and the failure rate is very high.

The shape is very good-looking, and there is a deep black luster, the surface is polished, it feels simple and unpretentious, and the pattern is decorated with a few strings, and the shape is particularly beautiful.

It is relatively black, and very thin, particularly shiny, with a few string patterns on it, and the texture is very good, with a hollow design.

Summary. In response to this problem, it can be said that the reason why the black pottery of Longshan culture has no pattern is because its production process is relatively complex and requires a certain level of technology. Therefore, during the production process, it is difficult to accurately carve the pattern on the black pottery.

The way to solve this problem is, firstly, to master the basic techniques of black pottery making, including firing, carving, polishing, etc.; Secondly, it is necessary to be familiar with the production methods of patterns, such as drawing, carving, polishing, etc.; Finally, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the process of making black pottery so that the pattern can be accurately carved on the black pottery. In addition, when making black pottery patterns, you also need to pay attention to some details, such as the size of the pattern, the thickness of the lines, the matching of colors, etc., which are the key to making exquisite patterns. In addition, during the production process, it is also necessary to pay attention to the firing time of the black pottery, so as not to affect the effect of the pattern.

In response to this problem, it can be said that the reason why the black pottery of Longshan culture has no pattern is because its production process is more complex than that of jujube, and imitation requires a certain level of technology. Therefore, during the production process, it is difficult to accurately carve the pattern on the black pottery. The way to solve this problem is, firstly, to master the basic techniques of black pottery making, including firing, carving, polishing, etc.; Secondly, it is necessary to be familiar with the production methods of patterns, such as drawing, carving, polishing, etc.; Finally, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the process of making black pottery so that the pattern can be accurately carved on the black pottery.

In addition, when making black pottery patterns, you also need to pay attention to some details, such as the size of the pattern, the thickness of the lines, the matching of colors, etc., which are the key to making exquisite patterns. In addition, during the production process, it is also necessary to pay attention to the firing time of the black pottery, so as not to affect the effect of the pattern.

Can you tell us more about that?

Longshan culture black pottery is a kind of pottery in the late Neolithic period of China, which is mainly black, mostly plain and without lines, and has no patterns. This is because the pottery making technology at that time had not yet developed to the extent that it was possible to carve patterns on pottery, and the pottery at that time was mainly used to make containers, and there was not much decoration for the world, so there were no patterns. With the development of the times, the pottery production technology is also constantly improving, from plain surface without grain to patterned pattern, from simple lines to complex patterns, from simple colors to a variety of colors, the decorative nature of pottery is also constantly improving and seeping.

For example, the pottery of the Han Dynasty has many patterns, including patterns, figures, animals, and even words, which are very decorative. In short, the reason why the black pottery of Longshan culture did not have a pattern was because the pottery making technology at that time had not yet developed to the extent that it could depict patterns on the pottery, and the pottery at that time was mainly used to make containers, and there was not much decoration, so there was no pattern. With the development of the times, the pottery production technology is also improving, and the decoration of pottery is also improving, for example, the pottery of the Han Dynasty has many patterns, with patterns, figures, animals, and even words, which are very decorative.

Introduction: Black pottery is mainly black pottery made by carbonization process and then fired, which is an important feature of Longshan culture, which is distributed in Henan, Shaanxi, Shandong and other places, and is also known as the Longshan era. Black pottery is more exquisite in the pottery of Longshan culture, and the main pottery is thin and compact, and the brightness of black pottery is bright.

The following will be a comprehensive introduction to the history, introduction, types and characteristics of black pottery culture. Then, about the history of black pottery culture we have to start from the Stone Age, in ancient times due to the limitations of all aspects, the unearthed black pottery shape is relatively simple, the thickness is not uniform, this characteristic also fully shows the primitiveness of the production at that time, the black pottery mainly includes the red porcelain of the vessel, the modification techniques have carving, pinching and stacking, etc. The patterns also changed from relatively simple geometric figures at the beginning to animal models or flowers and plants, and the pottery made in the process gradually became more delicate.

In the early period, the pottery was mostly red pottery with thick rope patterns, and in the late period, various forms of pottery such as clay red pottery, black pottery, and painted pottery appeared, and in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, there was a pattern pottery. Black pottery occupies an important position in the stool of Tao Wen Sanmin.

There are many types of pottery, among which black pottery can be carefully divided into three types. Among them, the highest level of fine clay thin-walled black pottery, the surface of black pottery is black and bright, and the reputation of eggshell black pottery. There are also many shapes of black pottery, and the decoration is relatively simple.

Chinese history and culture are very popular at home and abroad, especially for the textiles and pottery in the ancient small-scale peasant economy. Pottery is also listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site, and has become an evocative ancient culture. Among them, the black pottery culture that appeared in the late Neolithic period of China is the excellent Han pottery skills after the glory of the painted pottery culture, which is mainly characterized by black pottery, so it is called "black pottery culture", and it is found in Longshan Street, Jinan City, Shandong Province, so it is also called "Longshan culture".

It was first discovered in 1928 and belongs to the Longshan cultural site.

In modern times, black pottery has gradually developed into a collection, and has also become the first choice for art writers, and has also improved the aesthetic level of the public.

Summary:The black pottery production process is mainly the method of using the potter's wheel to rotate, the black pottery is characterized by modeling, and the method of using closed charcoal infiltration is used when firing, so that the surface of the pottery appears dark black luster. Its black, thin, light and button are the four characteristics of black pottery.

Its ornamentation is also plain and decorated with scratches or holes. However, the shape is more complex, dignified and beautiful, and the appreciation value is higher. It has the characteristics of practicality, ingenuity and economy, and mainly has two major technological processes: plastic method and grouting method.

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Longshan black pottery is a typical representative of Longshan cultural sites, an ancient Chinese site, and its whole is a relatively deep black. The site is located in Longshan Street, Zhangqiu City, Jinan City, Shandong Province. This kind of black pottery has a relatively thin pottery tire and a relatively hard texture.

The shape is also very exquisite. In the current market, because the value of cultural relics is very high, there are more and more counterfeits. The identification of the authenticity of Longshan black pottery is also becoming more and more important.

So how can we distinguish the authenticity of Longshan black pottery?

There are also many counterfeits in the current market of Longshan black pottery, which is a big difficulty for cultural relics lovers. When it comes to studying Yongsan culture, there are many obstacles. This is the identification of the authenticity of Longshan black pottery has become very important, and the specific methods for users to identify the authenticity of Longshan black pottery will be introduced in detail below.

Longshan black pottery authenticity identification method

1. Distinguish from the process

Compared with the previous one, the manufacturing method of Longshan black pottery has made great progress compared to before, and the London technology has generally begun to be used. Therefore, its shape is quite regular. The thickness of the utensils is very uniform.

Due to the manufacturing technology, its outer wall appears very bright and colorful. The surface is polished to a very smooth surface. Most of the cultural artifacts of Longshan in Shandong are mainly black pottery, and other pottery, such as gray pottery, red pottery, yellow pottery and white pottery, are relatively few.

Black pottery generally has three textures: fine mud, mud and sand, among which the surface of the black pottery made of fine mud is black and shiny, and has high artistic value.

2. Distinguish from the ornamentation

The surface decoration of the pottery of Longshan culture is relatively small, and most of them are plain or polished pottery. In addition, there are mainly ornaments such as string patterns, scratches and cuts, most of which are relatively simple and unpretentious. Black, thin, light.

These four points are the four biggest characteristics of Longshan black pottery, in addition, in the late period of Longshan culture, there are also rope patterns, blue patterns and a relatively small number of checkered patterns. Among them, Jomon is made by using a string to make an imprint on the surface of the object and then firing it.

3. Distinguish from the shape

In the early Longshan culture, the utensils were mainly cups, open-mouthed basins, folded basins, mouth-opening jars and pointed bottom bottles. After the continuous updating and development of technology, some pottery can already be molded. In this period, the pottery type is mainly composed of cups, plates, bowls, basins, tripods, pots, etc., among which there is also a new kind of utensils called mustaches.

There are two artifacts in the Longshan culture in Shandong that are the most typical artifacts of the Longshan culture, one is the grimace-style tripod leg, and the other is the ring-shaped tripod foot.

The black pottery objects in the Longshan culture are unusually exquisite, and the shape is unique, among which the creation of the tripod has not created a precedent for the later bronze culture. For the identification of black pottery, it is still necessary to look at the utensils to do better.

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