When cement was invented, when was cement invented

Smithton, invented in 1756 the study of the Lime. Volcano. The influence of different limestone in the three-component mortar on the performance of the mortar, it is found that the limestone containing clay can be slowly hardened after calcination and fine grinding, and the strength in the seawater is much higher than that of the Roman sand, and it can withstand the erosion of seawater.

Smiston used newfound mortar to build the world-famous Eddystone Lighthouse in Plymouth Harbour.

The earliest invention of cement should be traced back to 1824.

Joseph Aspudding, a British construction worker at the time, invented cement and patented Portland cement, using limestone and clay as raw materials. After the ratio is proportioned according to a certain proportion, it is calcined similar to the reason for burning lime to become clinker. It is then ground into a fine powder to become cement.

The hardened color of this cement is similar to the stone used for construction in Portland, England Island, so it is called Portland cement. It has very good architectural performance and is of epoch-making significance in the history of cement.

Please come to Mr. Wu Jun's Light of Civilization - Zhihu Column Take a look at his:

"Invention 365" of "The Light of Civilization", January 24, The Invention of Cement - The Light of Civilization - Zhihu column.

The Light of Civilization, "Invention 365", January 24, The Invention of Cement.

Wu Jun · 5 days ago.

With bricks and no cement, the house is still not well built.

The earliest cement is really "water" and "mud" (its history is almost as long as bricks), and adobe bricks live together, I can't tell the difference between adobe bricks and mud, which happens to be very well adhered to. Of course, Premier Zhu knew that this was a tofu slag project, so this kind of "cement" is not what we want to talk about.

It is generally believed that early cement appeared in ancient Rome because their marble buildings were built with cement, and it was because of the invention of cement that Rome was able to build a magnificent city. In contrast, the Greeks, the teachers of the Romans, did not have such a thing as cement, so their marble temples were built on blocks without cement. However, the first cement was not invented by the Romans, but by the Mesopotamians, and its main components were lime, sand and gravel, which dates back nearly 5,000 years.

You may have to say, how can it be them again, there is no way, the center of early human civilization is there. After that, the Egyptians began to use cement, but it is not known whether they invented it independently or whether it was transmitted from Mesopotamia.

The cement used by the ancient Romans was made from a mixture of lime (non-hydro lime) and volcanic ash, and it was very strong and was used by humans for about 2,000 years. It is impossible to know who (or where) invented it, but the Macedonians knew how to use such cement before the Romans, but it was the Romans who carried it forward.

The Pantheon in Rome (built of cement).

Thanks to cement, the Romans built tall marble buildings and invented the technique of building vaults. The most famous of these are the Pantheon in Rome and the Baths of Caracalla. The Pantheon was built in 118-128 AD, and its vault is 43 meters in height and diameter.

It is still relatively well preserved, and you can basically see the magnificent momentum of the year. However, in order to build St. Peter's Basilica, many of its stones were demolished, which was the biggest damage to it.

Figure Caracalla Baths, there is nothing left.

By the Middle Ages, the Romans' architectural skills were completely lost, but the technology of making cement remained, so a large number of medieval buildings can be seen in Europe, especially castles and fortresses, which are well preserved because they are masonry. Sometimes I wonder if it weren't for the Romans to learn.

In 1756, the English engineer JWhen studying the properties of certain limes to harden in water, Smiton found that to obtain hydraulic lime, limestone containing clay must be used for firing; The ideal composition of masonry mortar for underwater construction is hydraulic lime and volcanic ash.

This important discovery laid a theoretical foundation for the research and development of modern cement.

In 1796, the Englishman JParker fired a type of cement from marl, which has a brown appearance, much like a mixture of lime and volcanic ash from ancient Roman times, and named it Nightshade Cracked Roman Cement. Because it is made of natural marl as raw material and fired directly without ingredients, it is also known as natural cement.

It has good hydraulic hardness and fast setting characteristics, and is especially suitable for projects in contact with water.

In 1813, the French civil engineer Pico discovered that lime and clay were mixed three to one to make the cement of the canopy.

In 1824, Joseph Aspdin, an English construction worker, invented cement and patented Portland cement. He used limestone and clay as raw materials, combined in a certain proportion, calcined the mature material in a vertical kiln similar to burnt lime, and then grinded it to make cement. It was named Portland Cement because its hardened color was similar to the stone used for construction in Portland, England Island.

It has excellent architectural performance and is of epoch-making significance in the history of cement.

In 1907, Bée in France used bauxite from aluminum ore instead of clay and mixed limestone to make cement. Because this cement contains a large amount of alumina, it is called "bauxite cement".

In 1871, the construction of a cement plant began in Japan.

In 1877, Crampton of England invented the rotary furnace, which was reformed into a better rotary furnace by Lansom in 1885.

In 1889, near the Kaiping Coal Mine in Tangshan, Hebei Province, China, a Tangshan "Fine Cotton" Plant was set up to produce with vertical kilns. In 1906, on the basis of the plant, Qixin Ash Company was established, with an annual output of 40,000 tons of cement.

In 1893, Hideyuki Endo and Misada Utsumi invented Portland cement, which was not afraid of seawater.

In the 20th century, while continuously improving the performance of Portland cement, people successfully developed a number of cements suitable for special construction projects, such as high-alumina cement, special cement, etc. There are more than 100 types of cement in the world, and the annual output of cement in 2007 was about 2 billion tons. In 1952, China formulated the first national unified standard, which determined that cement production should be based on the principle of multiple varieties and multiple labels, and renamed Portland cement according to the main mineral composition it contained, and later changed to Portland cement.

In 2012, China's cement output reached 100 million tons, accounting for more than 50% of the world's output.

Cement was invented in 1824 when British construction worker Joseph Asputin invented cement and acquired Portland.

Patents for cement. He used limestone and clay as raw materials, combined according to a certain proportion, calcined the mature material in a vertical kiln similar to burnt lime, and then grinded it into cement by Mingqichang. Because the color of the hardened cement is the same as that of England.

The stone used for construction in Portland on the island is similar, and it has excellent performance in building hunger ridges, which is of epoch-making significance in the history of cement.

This seems to have been invented abroad.

Cement was invented by Joseph Asputin of England, and Portland cement was also obtainedPatents

Cement: powdered hydraulic inorganic cementitious material. After adding water and stirring, it forms a slurry, which can be hardened in air or water, and can firmly glue sand, stone and other materials.

Knot together. Early lime and volcanic ash.

The mixture is very similar to modern lime pozzolan cement, and the concrete made of cemented crushed stone is not only strong after hardening, but also resistant to the erosion of fresh water or salt water.

For a long time, as an important cementitious material, it has been widely used in civil engineering, water conservancy, national defense and other projects.

Cement was invented by Joseph Asputin of England.

Its raw materials are mainly limestone and clay, and cement is a powdered water shadow cementitious material that can be cemented with sand, stone and other materials that can be hardened in air and in water.

The main components of cement are lime, sand and pebbles, and it is probably more than 5,000 years old.

Because the hardened cement is similar in color to the stone used in local buildings in Portland, it was named Portland Cement.

The cement used by the ancient Romans was a mixture of lime (non-hydraulic lime) and volcanic ash, and it was very strong and was used by humans for about 2,000 years.

Special cement: As the name suggests, it is the cement for designated purposes, including road Portland cement and G-grade oil well cement.

The origin of concrete can probably be traced back to ancient Rome in the 3rd century BC, when the ancient Romans inadvertently discovered that natural volcanic ash was mixed into natural sand and lime stone to form a mortar, which was very strong after hardening, and could be used as a filling material for masonry vaults and walls, which can be regarded as the origin of concrete - "natural concrete". In the remnants of ancient Rome, we can see the shadow of concrete.