What are the characteristics of intelligent buildings?

Intelligent building has the characteristics of multi-disciplinary, multi-technology system comprehensive integration, intelligent building refers to the use of system integration methods, intelligent computer technology, communication technology, information technology and architectural art organic combination, through the automatic monitoring of equipment, the management of information resources and the user's information services and the optimal combination of buildings, the investment obtained is reasonable, suitable for the needs of the information society and has the characteristics of safety, efficiency, comfort, convenience and flexibility. Intelligent building is the inevitable product of social informatization and economic internationalization; It is an ingenious integration of multidisciplinary and high-tech; It is also a symbol of comprehensive economic strength. A large number of high-tech applications are competing in this area, such as multi-functional visual technology, multi-technology, e-mail, satellite communication, computer international communication network, intelligent security and environmental control. In the future, cutting-edge high-tech such as information superhighway and energy pipeline-free transmission will also take root and grow in this fertile soil first.

Intelligent building has the comprehensive characteristics of multi-discipline integration, due to the short development history, but the development speed is very fast, there are various descriptions and different understandings of its definition at home and abroad, and there is no unified exact concept and standard. It should be said that the intelligent building is the building, communications, computer network and monitoring and other aspects of the advanced technology integration and integration into the most optimized whole, with reasonable engineering investment, equipment high degree of automatic control, information management science, high-quality and efficient service, flexible and convenient use and environmental safety and comfort characteristics, can adapt to the development of information society needs of the modern new building, in some occasions in the country intelligent building collectively called "intelligent building", from the actual engineering analysis, the definition of this term is not very accurate, Because high-rise buildings do not necessarily need to be highly intelligent, on the contrary, they are not high-rise buildings but need to be highly intelligent, such as airports, railway stations, Jianghai passenger and freight port areas and intelligent residential communities and other housing buildings. At present, the intelligent building only has a certain intelligence in some fields, and its degree is also different, there is no unified standard, and the content of intelligence itself is extended and broadened with people's requirements and the continuous development of science and technology.

The relevant departments of our country have clearly called it intelligent building or intelligent building in the document, and its name is more accurate, the meaning is more extensive, and it is suitable for the specific situation of our country.

The basic functions of intelligent buildings are mainly composed of three parts. That is, building automation (also known as building automation or building automation (BA), communication automation (CA) and office automation (OA), these three automations are often called "3A", they are the most basic and must have basic functions in intelligent buildings. At present, in order to highlight a certain function in order to improve the building grade and project cost, the real estate development company in some places proposes fire automation (FA) and information management automation (MA) to form a "5A" intelligent building, and even some documents propose security automation (SA), the emergence of "6A" intelligent buildings, and even "8A", "9A".

However, from the perspective of international practice, FA and SA are both placed in BA, and MA has been included in CA, and usually only the term "3A" is used.

Can I help you?

1) From a technical point of view, smart buildings.

The biggest difference with traditional buildings is the high degree of integration of various intelligent systems of intelligent buildings. Intelligent building system integration is to integrate the equipment, subsystems, functions and information separated in the intelligent building into an interrelated unified and coordinated system through the computer network to realize the reorganization and sharing of information, resources and tasks. The characteristics of intelligent building safety, comfort, convenience, energy saving, and saving labor costs must rely on the integrated building intelligent system to be realized.

2) Energy SavingTaking modern commercial buildings as an example, the energy consumption of air conditioning and lighting systems is very large, accounting for about 70% of the total energy consumption of the building. On the premise of satisfying the environmental requirements of users, smart buildings should use natural light and atmospheric cooling (or heat) as much as possible to adjust the indoor environment through their "smart object section" to minimize energy consumption. According to the procedures determined on the calendar in advance, distinguish between "working" and "non-working" time, implement automatic control of different standards for the indoor environment, and automatically reduce the indoor illumination and temperature and humidity control standards after work, which has become the basic function of the intelligent building.

Maximizing energy savings is one of the main features of smart buildings by using the latest technologies in industries such as air conditioning and control, and its economy is also an important reason for the rapid promotion of this type of building.

3) Save labor costs for operation and maintenance According to the statistics of the American Building Association, the life cycle of a building.

It is 60 years, and the maintenance and operating expenses for 60 years after opening are about 3 times the construction cost. According to Japanese statistics, the management fee, water and electricity bill, gas fee, maintenance fee of machinery and equipment and elevators of the building account for about 60% of the operating expenses of the entire building; And its cost will increase at a rate of 4 per year. Therefore, relying on the intelligent management function of the intelligent system, it can play its role in reducing the maintenance cost of mechanical and electrical equipment, and at the same time, due to the high degree of integration of the system, the operation and management of the system are also highly centralized, and the personnel arrangement is more reasonable, which makes the labor cost.

Minimize it. 4) Safe, comfortable and convenient environment Intelligent buildings first ensure a high level of safety for people, property and goods, as well as have a high level of protection against disasters and emergencies.

Rapid response ability. Intelligent buildings provide suitable indoor temperature, humidity and fresh air, as well as multi-professional audio and video systems, decorative lighting, public environmental backgrounds, etc., which can greatly improve people's work, learning and quality of life.

The characteristics of a smart building are as follows:

1. Relying on computer technology: intelligent buildings are equipped with computer technology to maximize the convenience and reliability of intelligent building control and achieve the purpose of scientific energy conservation;

3. Intelligent integration is the nerve center of the function of intelligent building: intelligent building organically combines the three major systems of intelligent building, building automation system, office automation system and communication automation system through intelligent integration to provide users with a comfortable living and working environment.

Intelligent control is based on control theory, computer science, artificial intelligence, operations research and other disciplines, and expands related theories and technologies, among which fuzzy logic, neural networks, expert systems, genetic algorithms and other theories and adaptive control, self-organizing control, self-learning control and other technologies are widely used.

Expert system. An expert system uses expert knowledge to describe specialized or difficult problems. The expert control composed of the expert system, whether it is the expert control system or the expert controller, has a relatively high engineering cost, and also involves the problems of automatic acquisition of knowledge difficulty, no self-learning ability, and too narrow knowledge scope.

Although expert systems have been successfully used to solve complex high-level reasoning, the practical applications of expert control are relatively rare.

As a non-deterministic quasi-natural stochastic optimization tool, genetic algorithm has the characteristics of parallel computation and fast search for global optimal solution, and it can be mixed with other technologies for optimal control of parameters, structures or environments of intelligent control.

Neural networks. Neural networks are methods that use a large number of neurons to adjust their topology and learning to a certain topology. It can represent a wealth of characteristics:

Parallel computing, distributed storage, variable structures, highly fault-tolerant, nonlinear operations, self-organization, learning, or self-learning, etc. These characteristics are the characteristics of the system that people have been looking for and expecting for a long time. It is adaptive, self-organizing in the intelligent control of parameters, structures or environments

It has unique capabilities in terms of control, such as self-learning.

Neural networks can be used as well as fuzzy logic for the control of arbitrary complex objects, but unlike fuzzy logic, they are good at single-input, multiple-output systems and multiple-input, multiple-output.

Here are 16 features that every smart building has:

1.Energy efficiency.

2.Environmental protection. 3.Automatic lighting.

4.Optimal temperature control.

5.Reduce operating costs.

6.Optimal humidity levels.

7.Superior security.

8.Artificial intelligence controls maintenance.

9.Motion sensors.

10.Resource optimization.

11.Clean the air.

12.Remote building control.

13.Build usage insights.

14.Ergonomics.

15.App-controlled space bookings.

16.A valuable asset.

Intelligent building refers to the optimal combination of building structure, system, service and management according to the needs of users, so as to provide users with an efficient, comfortable and convenient humanized building environment.

Intelligent buildings mainly highlight the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, practicability, advancement and sustainable upgrading and development of intelligent buildings.

The characteristics of a smart building are as follows:

1. Relying on computer technology: intelligent buildings are equipped with computer technology to maximize the convenience and reliability of intelligent building control and achieve the purpose of scientific energy conservation;

3. Intelligent integration is the nerve center of the function of intelligent building: intelligent building organically combines the three major systems of intelligent building, building automation system, office automation system and communication automation system through intelligent integration to provide users with a comfortable living and working environment.

Advanced: Intelligent buildings are the darlings of the marriage of building technology and high-tech technology. The strong current equipment and weak current system used should be the most advanced, representing the latest international and domestic scientific and technological level.

Openness: Intelligent buildings are constantly improving with the development of modern technology. Therefore, the system equipment used should be modular, and with the continuous update of demand and continuous expansion of capacity, the update module can be added.

Security: The security facilities of a smart building should be relatively complete. It includes fire prevention system, anti-theft system, gas alarm system and other various safety systems and accident handling systems, so that residents have a high sense of security.

Comfort: Smart buildings provide the most comfortable and pleasant indoor environment. The indoor temperature and humidity can be automatically adjusted, the illuminance and brightness of the lights can be selected in the best state, and even various electrical equipment can be automatically set and remotely controlled.

Economy: The various equipment of smart buildings are carefully considered in the design and construction. One investment, unified design, resource sharing, centralized management. In particular, various energy-saving measures are fully considered, so it is more economical and practical than ordinary buildings.

Efficiency: A smart building is a building that is efficient. It is manifested in the automation of the operation and management of the entire building.

For example, the effective control of power equipment, the effective control of air conditioning system, the automatic monitoring of equipment status, and the unified management of elevator operation. All of these have gotten rid of the original isolated single traditional monitoring methods, making them more centralized and unified.

First, it is more effective.