Explain what is called a single weak acid weak base and a multiple weak acid weak base .

According to the degree of ionization, it is divided into strong acid and weak acid. According to the number of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions ionized during ionization, they are divided into one and multivariate; For example, hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, sulfuric acid is a strong acid, phosphoric acid is a strong acid in the ternary, such as hypochlorous acid, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid, etc. are weak acids. For example, hydrosulfuric acid, carbonic acid, sulfurous acid, etc. are binary weak acids, such as ammonia is a single weak base, and others are multiple.

Note: The equation for strong acid ionization is connected by an equal sign.

The equation for the ionization of weak acids is connected by a reversible symbol.

The multiple weak acids are ionized, and the multiple weak bases are ionized. Note: Aluminum hydroxide is a one-way weak acid and a three-way weak base.

As long as it can be shown that the substance (ha) is not completely ionized, that is, there is an ionization equilibrium, that is, there are both ions and molecules, it can be said that the substance (ha) is a monobasic weak acid.

1. Judgment by pH: Determine the pH of the same concentration of HA and monobasic strong acid of known substances, if the pH of HA is greater than the pH of the same concentration of monobasic strong acid, it means that HA is a weak acid.

2. Judging by the generation of gas: take the quantity and concentration of the substance.

If the bubbles produced in the hydrochloric acid are faster than those produced in the HA at the beginning, it means that the HA is a weak acid.

3. Through the neutralization reaction.

Judgment: Take the same volume, the same pH of HA solution and hydrochloric acid solution, respectively, with sodium hydroxide.

If the volume of sodium hydroxide solution used for titration of HA solution is larger than that of titrated hydrochloric acid, HA is a weak acid.

Fourth, through the hydrolysis of salt: look at the acidity and alkalinity of the aqueous solution of HA corresponding to the strong alkali salt, if the pH of the NAA solution is > 7, it means that HA is a weak acid.

Weak acid refers to the acid that is not completely ionized in solution, which is the opposite of Bi Huizhen's strong acid, which is weak in acidity, and is often used to show it roughly. In addition to ionizing hydrogen ions in aqueous acid, there are still a large number of HA molecules in the solution. The monobasic weak acid refers to the ideal state of a molecule of monobasic weak acid can ionize a molecule of hydrogen ions, because it is a weak acid, can not be completely ionized, such as HF and HCl.

A weak base is a base that is not completely ionized after being dissolved in water, and it is a base opposite to a strong base, and the alkalinity is weak. The unary weak base refers to the ideal state of a molecule of a molecule of a weak base can ionize a molecule of hydroxide, because it is a weak alkali blue chain, can only be weakly ionized, such as NH3, H2O.

Acetate can be regarded as a single weak base to calculate, hac of ka=, ka*kb=kw to get kb with a formula for calculating a single weak base.

Hydroxide concentration = under the root number (c*kb).

Then the concentration of hydrogen ions can be obtained by using the ion product, and the negative logarithm is taken.

First of all, acids are ionized cations, and all cations are H+ compounds;

If it can be completely ionized, it is a strong acid, and if 1 molecule of the compound ionizes 1 hydrogen ion, it is a monobasic acid, which together is a monobasic strong acid;

Neutralization ability is the ability to occur a neutralization reaction mainly depends on the amount of acid substances, not the amount of hydrogen ions, because the definition of neutralization reaction is the reaction of acid and alkali to produce salt and water, and the result of neutralization reaction is not necessarily neutral;

If you have any questions, please ask

Monobasic strong acid is the ability to ionize an H+ comprehensive base when completely ionized Look at the equation The more bases you can react with, the stronger the ability to synthesize bases Don't look at the H+ concentration It is only related to the amount of the substance of this acid.

The so-called strong acid and weak acid are relatively speaking-acid dissolved in water can be completely ionized, which belongs to strong acid. Such as HCl, HNO3, etc. - the acids corresponding to active metals are generally strong acids. So the meaning of monotonic strong acid is not difficult to understand.

HCl HNO3 HBR is a monobasic acid.

The ability to neutralize a base refers to how quickly it reacts with a base.

Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid is a strong acid, acetic acid, carbonic acid is a weak acid, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide is a strong base, sodium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate is a weak base.

The cations ionized by acid --- in an aqueous solution are all compounds of hydrogen ions. The so-called strong acid and weak acid are relatively speaking-acid dissolved in water can be completely ionized, which belongs to strong acid. Such as HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, HBR, Hi,

- If the acid is dissolved in water and cannot be completely ionized, it is a weak acid. Such as carbonic acid, H2S, HCN, HF, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, etc.

The anions ionized by alkali --- in aqueous solution are all compounds of hydroxide ions. The so-called strong base and weak base are relatively speaking,-- alkali can be completely ionized when dissolved in water, and they belong to strong bases. For example, KOH, NaOH, BA(OH)2, CSOH、-- and the corresponding alkali corresponding to the active metal are generally strong alkalis.

- If the alkali is dissolved in water and cannot be completely ionized, it is a weak alkali. Such as monohydrate and ammonia, calcium hydroxide (medium and strong alkali), aluminum hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, etc.

Just pay attention to the summary!

Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid is a strong acid, acetic acid, carbonic acid is a weak acid, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide is a strong base, sodium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate is a weak base.

Example: For multiple weak acids, the relationship between the ionization constant (ka) and the hydrolysis constant (kb) is (take dibasic weak acids as an example):

ka1×kb2=kw

ka2×kb1=kw

It can be seen that the product of the constants of ionization and hydrolysis of hydrogen at the same location is kw

Of course, it is important to know that hydrolysis is carried out sequentially from the inside out; Ionization is performed sequentially from the outside to the inside.

k= in this question is the value of kb1. Then ka2=kw kb, or kb1=kw ka2.