What are the requirements for suitable soil for potato growth?

The main requirements for the soil for potato growth are as follows:

1.Soil type: Potatoes are suitable for growing in deep, loosely structured, well-drained and aerated soils rich in organic matter. For example, slightly acidic or neutral sandy loam or loam soils.

2.Soil fertility: Potatoes need fertile soil, which should be rich in organic matter and contain the right amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements.

3.Soil aeration: Soil aeration is essential for potato growth and development, as it promotes root respiration and nutrient uptake.

4.Soil pH: Potatoes are suitable for growing in slightly acidic to neutral soils with a pH value not higher.

5.Avoid heavy cropping: Potatoes should not be replanted or rotated with Solanaceae crops to avoid infection with pathogens.

If you want to grow potatoes, it is advisable to first check the quality of your soil according to these requirements, and if necessary, add suitable fertilizers or do soil improvement.

Potatoes have a wide range of soil adaptation, and the most suitable soil for potato growth is light loam, and the potatoes planted on this kind of soil germinate quickly, emerge neatly, and the tubers grow with smooth skin, normal potato shape, and high commodity rate. Potatoes planted on clay soil are best cultivated on high ridges, this kind of soil has poor aeration, and often causes rotten potatoes in the later stage due to poor drainage, so it is necessary to strengthen field management, timely cultivation, weeding and soil cultivation. Potatoes planted on sandy soil should be planted flat soil and sown deeply.

Potato is a crop that prefers acidic soil, potato growth is relatively normal between soil pH, but pH is the best, potato is prone to scab on alkaline soil, and the buds of tubers can not grow after sowing, and even die.

Potatoes like cold and cool, do not tolerate high temperatures, and the average temperature of day and night is 17 21 during the growth period. When the sown potato tuber reaches a temperature of 7 8 cm deep in the ground, the young shoots can grow, and at 10 12 the young shoots can grow vigorously and emerge quickly. Sowing early potatoes often encounter late frost after emergence, the seedlings are cold-damaged when the temperature drops, and the seedlings are frost-damaged when the temperature drops to -2, and some stems and leaves die, turn black, but after the temperature rises, new stems and leaves can be sent out from the nodes, and continue to grow.

The optimum temperature for plant growth is around 21. The optimal temperature for the growth and development of potato tubers was 17 19, and the tubers stopped growing when the temperature was lower than 2 and higher than 29.

Potatoes require about 200 kg of water per 500 grams of dry matter formed. When the potato field is completely covered with plant canopy, transpiration moisture is 2 10 mm per day. Water consumption is determined by a variety of factors, such as soil texture, air temperature, density, wind speed, air humidity, etc.

Different growth periods have different water requirements. During the germination stage, only the water stored in the tuber can grow normally, and the seedlings can emerge normally after the root system of the sprout occurs and absorbs the water from the soil. During this period, the soil needs to be kept moist, which is conducive to root growth.

Soil moisture at the seedling stage is maintained at 50% to 60% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field, which is conducive to the development of roots to the deep soil, as well as the healthy growth of stems and leaves, and early potato formation. In order to promote the rapid growth of stems and leaves at the germination stage, the soil moisture should be kept at 75% to 80% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field. In the later stage, it was gradually reduced to 60%, and the growth of stems and leaves was properly controlled to facilitate the expansion of potato pieces.

The tubers expand rapidly at the tuber setting stage, which requires the soil to be loose and breathable, and to keep the soil moisture sufficient, uniform and continuous. Soil moisture should be kept at 80% to 85% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field, and gradually reduced to 50% to 60% near harvest, so as to facilitate the aging of the pericarp of the tubers and facilitate harvesting.

The minimum temperature at the tip of the shoot is 4, below which germination occurs. The maximum temperature that stem formation can tolerate is 20, the growth rate of stems above 20 slows down, the growth of stems above 25 tends to stop, and the growth of stems above 30 stops growing completely. In order for the stems to grow better and faster, the temperature needs to be controlled at 15 to 18, and the optimal temperature is 16 to 19 when the potato (potato) stems enter the bulking stage.

Growers who grow potatoes (potatoes) in plastic greenhouses can adjust to this temperature in order to ensure yield and quality. The temperature required for the growth of potatoes (potatoes) stems and leaves is 16 22. Temperatures above 25 will affect stem and leaf growth, slowing them down.

At temperatures below 7 or above 35, the stems and leaves of the potato (potato) stop growing and stop completely.

When the potato (potato) is in the seedling stage, if the temperature is below -1, the potato (potato) seedling will suffer from the East China Sea, and if it is below -3, the entire seedling will freeze to death. This is the reason for the death of young saplings in the spring. At this time, cover the film and do not let the temperature get too low.

During germination until the tender shoots of the tuber germinate. Sprout through completely dormant sweet potatoes4 with an accumulated temperature of 12-18. At the right temperature, the buds grow fast and thrive, with early roots and a large number of buds.

If the sweet potato is dormant, it must be broken manually to sprout. The water contained in sweet potatoes can sprout. For example, insufficient soil moisture may sprout.

The aeration state of the soil has a great influence on germination, the soil is loose, the buds grow quickly, the soil is compacted, the root respiration is weak, the absorption activity is blocked, and the buds grow slowly.

The germination period is usually from the 25th to the 35th in the spring and from the l0th to the 20th in the fall. During the nursery period, it takes 15 -20 days to complete the growth of the leaf or the eighth leaf from the seedling to the main trunk. During this period, in addition to stem, leaf, primary root growth, stem and creeping roots also occur, and at the same time the stem tip begins to swell.

The temperature is low, the light is strong, the nitrogen fertilizer is sufficient, the soil moisture is suitable (50% to 60% of the soil saturation maintenance), and the ventilation is good, which is good for hair and berries. The high temperature and long sunshine contribute to stem leaf growth and stem growth.

During the breakup, from the huddle to the parietal lobe of the trunk, it lasted 25-30 days. The early-maturing variety is the first inflorescence flowering, the late-maturing variety, is the formal sign of the end of the second inflorescence flowering, the famine system continues to expand, the growth of stems and leaves is accelerated, the stem expands to about 3 cm, and its dry weight reaches more than 50% of the total dry weight of the plant. The potato extends from the parietal leaves to the stems and leaves during the period and is yellow.

This time, the air scope expanded rapidly, and the production generally used warm light treatment to relieve the dormancy of the seed potatoes.

Potatoes go through the dormancy period, germination period, stem and leaf growth period to fruiting stage, the dormant period needs to be below 0 to 4, and the germination period needs to reach 15 to 28. The growth period of stems and leaves should be between 16 and 24, and the growth should be more than 39. The tuber growth and fruiting period should be 17 to 19 and should not exceed 25.

The first point is that the temperature requirement is that it can not be too cool, not more than 40 degrees, the second point is that the temperature must be suitable for the potato, this planting area is also very similar to the spring season, the third point is to pay attention to its entire grafting process is very important.

At the beginning of germination, the temperature must be very high, and it must reach 15 20, but in the growth stage, it is best not to be too high, so that there is a high probability of root rot, and the temperature must be controlled.

That is, the temperature must reach more than 25 degrees, and it should be ventilated, and the ability to grow potatoes should also be improved.

Potatoes are a crop that likes cold and heat. After the tubers are sown, budding begins at a ground temperature of 10 cm 5 7. If the low temperature of 5 10 is continued after sowing, the growth of young shoots will be inhibited, and it will not be easy to soil or even form dream potatoes.

When the soil temperature is 10 20, the young shoots can be quickly excavated, and the optimal temperature for their development is 13 18. The optimal temperature required for stem and leaf growth is 17 21, and the minimum temperature is 7. When the average temperature of the day reaches 25 27, growth is affected, respiration is vigorous, photosynthesis is reduced, and transpiration is enhanced.

When the average daily temperature reaches 29 or more, the respiration of the plant is excessive, and the tuber setting is delayed, and even the stolons protrude from the surface to become aboveground stems.

The suitable temperature for the expansion of the tuber is 16 19, more than 20, the growth of the tuber is slow, and the tuber stops growing when the temperature reaches about 30. Seedlings will freeze at 2 1 and plants below 4 will die.

Temperature requirements for potato growth and development.

At 10 to 13, young shoots grow rapidly and emerge quickly. The most suitable temperature for the growth of stems and leaves and the expansion of the tuber is spent in the dormant period of the potato tuber, and when the temperature exceeds 5, the bud eye germinates and sprouts. After sowing, the ground temperature requirements are not consistent.

The most suitable temperature for the growth of stems and leaves is 21, the temperature is more than 25, the growth of stems and leaves is slow, when it is more than 30, the respiration is enhanced, and the nutrients produced by photosynthesis during the day are consumed by respiration, resulting in nutritional disorders; When the temperature drops to 1 2, the plant freezes to death.

The potato growing temperature is 15-20. When using tuber vegetative propagation, seed potatoes can germinate and grow under the condition of soil temperature of 5 8, the optimal temperature is 15 20, and the temperature suitable for the growth of plant stems and leaves and flowering is 16 22.

The most suitable temperature for tuber formation at night is 10 13 (soil temperature 16 18), and when it is higher than 20, the formation is slow, and the temperature drops to -2 at the emergence and seedling stage.

Potatoes need cooler climatic conditions to grow and develop, because they are native to the high mountains of the Andes in South America, with an average annual temperature of 5 degrees to 10 degrees Celsius and a maximum average temperature of about 24 degrees. The mountainous southwest of our country, some regions in the northwest and north, close to the climatic conditions of the origin of potatoes.

<> potato, also known as potato, is one of the common food crops in China, which can be planted in many places, so what soil is potato suitable for planting?

Potatoes are suitable for loam or sandy loam soils with high organic matter content, deep soil, loose and breathable soil, and sufficient moisture. Generally, the plot that has not been planted with potatoes in the first two years is usually planted with cereal stubble, followed by soybean stubble, and the best stubble in vegetable fields is garlic, onions, celery, etc.

Potato is what we call potato, its adaptability is relatively strong, it can be planted in many fields, in the countryside, we generally plant in vegetable fields, potatoes and sweet potatoes, taro are underground tuber crops, formed and expanded underground, so, when planting potatoes, it is necessary to choose the soil layer is generally deep, loose and fertile, and the soil with good permeability is planted.

<> potato is a kind of crop that likes to grow in loose, fertile and permeable soil, when planting potatoes, it is generally selected to plant the soil with high organic matter content and large porosity, which is generally conducive to the growth and expansion of potatoes, and the potatoes grown in this soil are generally relatively high in yield and quality.

Potato is a tuber crop, as it is the same as sweet potato, taro and other crops, are grown and expanded in the soil, so the cultivation of potatoes, the growth and expansion of potato tubers in addition to temperature, light, but also related to plant nutrients and water in the soil, in the soil deep, loose and fertile, good permeability of the soil to cultivate potatoes, can make potatoes in the field better growth and expansion, thereby improving the yield and variety of potatoes.

Although loam, silty loam soil is suitable for growing potatoes, it is often used for different crops, and the fertilizer and water management is also different, such as too different soil quality, such as loamy plots, frequent fertilization, the soil is prone to hardening, and there is no other plot to choose from, for planting potatoes. That is, to improve the soil, in order to plant potatoes, after a long time of planting, the potatoes have grown again, the common practice is to apply some wood ash or rotten chicken manure and other poultry manure as a base fertilizer, in addition, the soil with rotting leaves in the forest can be shoveled back and mixed with poultry manure, which is better.

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The requirements for water are the highest, and the requirements for nitrogen are also the highest, because potatoes are suitable for planting, and in places with better permeability, there must be sufficient water, and nitrogen is also needed to improve the growth rate.

The requirements of potatoes for the soil are, high black calcium content, rich in organic matter, pH value kept at 5 6, sufficient potassium fertilizer, high content of trace elements such as calcium, magnesium and sulfur, because the sufficient nutrients and good air permeability in the soil can make potatoes grow and expand better in the field, promote photosynthesis, improve yield and variety quality.

The requirements for potassium in the soil are relatively high, because potassium fertilizer can promote the growth of potatoes, and can also ensure the accumulation of substances, which is conducive to ensuring the nutrients of the soil.