How to cultivate osmanthus seedlings, how to prevent insects and diseases?

Osmanthus is generally sown and raised by cuttings. Cell propagation requires technology. Miao more light. Phosphorus. Potassium foliar fertilizer plus tobuzin.

In the process of cultivating osmanthus, we are most afraid of encountering problems such as pests and diseases. This kind of problem is extremely harmful to plants, not only seriously affecting their ornamental performance, but also leading to plant death if not treated in time. So, how do we deal with the pests in the four seasons osmanthus?

How to prevent and control the pests and diseases of osmanthus in all seasons? I'll take you to find out below.

First, the main diseases and prevention of osmanthus trees.

Osmanthus leaf spot is a disease caused by osmanthus leaf spot. The disease has occurred in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Hubei, Guangxi and other osmanthus producing areas, all of which have different degrees of harmful symptoms.

1) Symptoms: Pathogenic bacteria mainly invade from the leaf margin or leaf tip. The lesions are pale yellowish-green at first, and then gradually enlarge, grayish-brown to gray, irregular or nearly round, with obvious margins.

There are many small black dots on advanced lesions, i.e., conidia of pathogenic bacteria. Damage to the lower part of the canopy tends to be more severe than that at the top, while damage to old leaves is more severe than that of new leaves. At the beginning of the disease, small light brown spots appear on the leaves, which gradually expand into round or irregular spots, and later expand into nearly round or irregular gray-brown spots with dark brown edges.

2) Prevention and control methods: remove diseased leaves in winter, burn and bury, clean up the field, and reduce the source of overwintering diseases. Strengthen cultivation management and increase fertilization. Proper watering should be done in hot and dry weather to enhance tree vitality and improve disease resistance.

Second, the main insect pests of osmanthus trees and their control.

1) Whitefly, whitefly is a small pest. It is one of the most harmful pests and diseases of osmanthus flowers. This pest feeds mainly on the sap of osmanthus and will gradually inhale the stems of osmanthus flowers.

juice, which causes a large loss of nutrients and eventually wilts. Control method: When dealing with this type of pest, we can spray it directly with 20% Pusalin WP liquid.

2) Scale insects, scale insects are a pest found in many plants. Osmanthus is no exception. This pest mainly harms the leaves, branches and fruits of osmanthus flowers.

It gradually absorbs the sap, causing the leaves to gradually turn yellow. Fall off, and finally the whole osmanthus will gradually wither. Prevention and control methods:

When it comes to controlling this pest, it is important to be timely. We can spray directly with a 50% malathion 1500 times solution.

Choose a more fertile soil, disinfect the soil in advance, dig a deeper pit, put the osmanthus tree in, water and fertilize, and regularly check for pests and diseases.

We must ensure soil fertility, we must strengthen water and fertilizer management, we must prescribe the right medicine in the process of planting, use professional pesticides according to the pests and diseases produced by crops, and pay attention to the time of spraying.

Pruning to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of osmanthus plants can not only promote their robust growth, but also reduce the incidence of pests and diseases. Use a tree scraper to scrape off all the hidden insects and lesions in the cracked bark and warped bark of the osmanthus trunk. Regularly sweep the fallen branches and leaves around the osmanthus plant, burn them or use them as fertilizer.

We must spray pesticides in time, and at the same time, we should also prescribe the right medicine to ensure sufficient light to avoid pests and diseases, or to loosen the soil in time, ensure the permeability of the soil, do a good job of drainage and ventilation, and be sure to spray some insecticides.

First of all, we must water and fertilize in time, but also should prescribe the right medicine, choose the right pesticides, spray some pesticides regularly, remove pests in time, we must pay attention to the proportion of pesticides, we need to pay attention to the composition of pesticides, and we also need to pay attention to the amount of fertilizer.

Soil preparation: It can be mixed with humus, garden soil, sandy soil, and decomposed organic fertilizer. Planted in the soil:

The vigorous osmanthus seedlings are planted in the soil and compacted. Post-care: 5-6 hours of light per day.

Pest control: Plants are regularly sprayed with Bordeaux sap to prevent pests and diseases.

1. Soil preparation

Osmanthus is suitable for growing in loose and fertile, well-drained soil, so in the process of cultivating plants, if potted plants can be maintained with garden soil, peat soil, sandy soil, and decomposed organic fertilizer to 5:3:2:

1 ratio of mixed preparation of soil, if planted in the ground, it is necessary to choose leeward to the sun, soft and fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation of the plot.

2. Plant into the soil

Select osmanthus seedlings with vigorous growth and complete root system, prune the root system with sterilized scissors, soak them in the rooting solution for 5-10 minutes, and then plant them in the moist soil.

3. Post-maintenance

After planting, put the osmanthus seedlings in a sunny place to ensure that the plants can receive 5-6 hours of light every day, promote the growth of branches and leaves, and apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer 1-2 times a month during the peak growth period, and water in time to keep the soil moist, and avoid water accumulation.

4. Pest control

In the growth process of osmanthus, it is easy to suffer from aphids, root rot, leaf spot and other pests and diseases, it is necessary to regularly spray Bordeaux liquid and other agents to the plant for prevention, when the leaves of the disease and insects appear, it is necessary to cut off in time and concentrate on burning, and then spray the corresponding agents for prevention and control.

Before cultivating osmanthus seedlings, it is necessary to prepare a soil mixed with five parts of humus, three parts of garden soil and two parts of river sand, as well as a clay pot with a diameter of 15-20 cm and a depth of 8-10 cm. Plant osmanthus seedlings in the soil, and do a good job of light, fertilizer and water maintenance measures after the seedlings grow and survive steadily.

1. Prepare the soil

Osmanthus likes to grow in loose, fertile, acidic sandy soil with good drainage performance, so it can be mixed with garden soil, peat soil, sandy soil and a small amount of decomposed organic fertilizer, or it can also be mixed with five parts of humus soil, three parts of garden soil and two parts of river sand.

2. Prepare flower pots

Cultivating good osmanthus seedlings should choose a suitable flower pot, because it likes to grow in a more breathable environment, so it is necessary to use good air permeability flower pots, pottery pots, purple sand pots, mud pots, etc., the size of the flower pot with a diameter of 15-20 cm, a depth of 8-10 cm flower pot.

3. Plant the soil

Plant osmanthus seedlings in the soil, cover with a thin layer of soil and water them appropriately to keep the soil slightly moist. In this way, it will grow and sprout after about a week, and then seedlings will grow, and in order to promote the growth of seedlings, it is necessary to take care of them.

Fourth, maintenance management

During the growing season, 5-6 hours of sunlight per day will promote photosynthesis and promote healthy and lush branch growth. Water every 2-4 days, spraying wet water around it as well as foliar water. Apply thin cake fertilizer water once every half month, and at the same time apply superphosphate.

Symptoms: Root-knot nematodes mainly damage the roots, initially forming many nodules of various sizes. The fibrous roots of the diseased plants are reduced and the root tips are swollen.

The nodules are yellowish-white at first, then gradually turn brown and rot. The aboveground parts are weak in growth and tend to die in drought conditions. Mildly damaged plants generally do not show symptoms, but with the extension of the cultivation period of the plant, the number of nematodes increases, and the plants will show symptoms such as growth decline, yellowing, and dwarf, which are similar to the symptoms of lack of fertilizer and drought, so they are often mistaken for lack of water and fertilizer.

Control method: can be used 10% Cleidan granules to prevent and control, when applying the pesticide, the soil 3-5 cm deep under the canopy is now pulled out, evenly sprinkled on the ground, and then covered with soil. Strengthen cultivation management and increase the application of organic fertilizer.

Morphology: Most of the fore and hind wings are black, with 3 rows of yellow spots along the outer margin of the forewings, and 3 yellow markings in the middle chamber. The hindwings have the same markings as the forewings. The head, thorax, and antennae are black, and the feet and abdomen are yellowish-gray with several black horizontal stripes.

Control methods: In the larval stage and pupation stage, often inspect the osmanthus plants, once the larvae and kidneys are found, they are removed in time. In the larval stage, 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate can be sprayed 1000 times, or 90% trichlorfon original drug 800-1000 times liquid poisoning.

Form: Yellow with white wax powder. The wings are translucent and also have white wax powder. The compound eye is reddish-brown, divided into two parts, and one small eye is connected.

Prevention and control methods: Proper pruning, improve ventilation and light transmission, can reduce the damage. In the peak stage of adult occurrence or larvae hatching in large quantities, 40% dimethoate EC, 50% malathion milk, 50% pine borer milk, 25% imithion EC 1000 times, 90% trichlorfon 500-1000 times can be used; 80% dichlorvos 1500 times, 25% quinthion EC 1000 times, 20% diaformamidine (mite) EC 1500 times, 25% chlorpyride powder 2000-3000 times.

Recently, it has been reported that spraying 2-3 times during the peak period of egg hatching can kill 5,000 times of emulsifiable concentrate mixed with water, and the control effect is the best.

Morphology: Millimeter long, body color varies greatly, generally red, pear-shaped, with a black spot on each side of the dorsal body. Female adult mites are dark red, with dark spots on both sides of the body, oval.

Prevention and control methods: once the disease is found, it should be disposed of immediately, and foliar spray can be carried out with mite clearing, aphid mite killing, and tri-sitting (azole) tin. Spray evenly on both sides of the blade. Once a week, 2-3 times in a row, you can**.

1. Temperature control. Osmanthus likes a warm environment, the most suitable temperature for growth is between 16 and 26, so in the process of cultivating osmanthus we must do a good job of corresponding temperature control measures to ensure that the temperature in summer does not exceed 32, and not less than 0 in winter. In the south, osmanthus can be wintered outdoors, but in the north it is recommended to move it to a greenhouse for maintenance in winter.

2. Light requirements. Osmanthus likes to scatter light, in the process of breeding to ensure the light conditions of the plant, it can be maintained in a place with better lighting. However, the light in summer is too strong, and direct sunlight is easy to cause sunburn, so it is necessary to take corresponding shade measures in summer to let the plants grow in a semi-shaded environment.

3. In the process of cultivating osmanthus in the forest zone, it is recommended to repot the indoor osmanthus potted plants in the spring of each year to provide sufficient nutrients for the plants.

4. Cultivating osmanthus must pay attention to the quality of the air, ensure the cleanliness of the air, and stay away from oil smoke.

5. For the implementation of empty fertilizer for osmanthus, the high temperature in summer and the cold in winter make the plant grow very slowly, and the fertilization needs to be stopped at these two stages.

1. Osmanthus prefers slightly acidic soil. Potted plants can choose 5 parts of mountain mud or humus, 3 parts of garden soil, 2 parts of sandy soil mixed modulation or half of humus and sandy loam soil as culture soil.

2. Watering should be timely. Watering should master "two less and one more", that is, less watering before the occurrence of new shoots, less watering in the rain and rain, and more watering in dry weather in summer and autumn. It is advisable to keep the water content of the potting soil at about 50% at ordinary times.

Especially in autumn, if the potting soil is too wet, it is easy to cause flower drop. On rainy days, pay attention to inspection, if there is water in the pot, you need to pour water from the side basin in time to avoid root rot for a long time.

3. Skillful topdressing. After the osmanthus sprouts in spring, about every 10 days, apply a well-rotted thin cake fertilizer to promote germination and branches. After July, apply thin rotted chicken and duck manure or fish offal water, or add superphosphate to the above fertilizer solution to promote germination and differentiation.

At the beginning of September, the last liquid fertilizer based on phosphate fertilizer was applied, and the osmanthus grew luxuriantly, with many flowers and fragrant taste. If the fertilization is insufficient, especially the phosphate fertilizer, there are fewer branches, fewer flowers, and not fragrant.

4. Trim properly. The osmanthus root system is developed, the germination force is strong, and the adult osmanthus tree is pumped twice a year in spring and autumn. Therefore, in order to make osmanthus flowers flourish, it is necessary to prune properly to maintain the physiological balance of reproductive growth and vegetative growth.

Therefore, it is necessary to prune once after flowering in autumn. According to the growth potential of the plant, in addition to thinning the overly dense branches, it is also necessary to cut off the long branches in summer and autumn, so that the thick short branches are evenly left on each side branch. The second pruning is carried out in early spring before budding, and the orange branches, weak branches, and diseased branches are cut off to facilitate ventilation and light, so that the osmanthus can produce more and fuller flower buds.

During the growth period, the sprouting branches should be cut off frequently, so as to facilitate the concentration of flowers, and the flowers will bloom luxuriantly. In addition, potted osmanthus should choose plants with short and strong plant shapes, compact branches and leaves, and thick trunks. Repot in early spring every 1 2 years.

In the late autumn, in the north, it is necessary to move the osmanthus to above 0 for wintering in the cold room, keep the potting soil slightly moist, make it fully dormant, and facilitate flowering in the next year.

5. Prevention and treatment of pests and diseases. Osmanthus is often prone to anthracnose, brown spot, gray plaster, blight, algae spot, soot disease and blackthorn whitefly, scale insects, moths, stinging moths, grasshoppers, osmanthus leafhoppers and other pests and diseases, which need to be sprayed in time for control.

1.Soil osmanthus seedling planting plot requires ventilation, good drainage, transplanting first watering and then deep turning, applying bottom fertilizer, rotting cake fertilizer is more suitable, choose to plant in cloudy or rainy days, potting or changing pots can be carried out in spring.

2. Light osmanthus seedlings are planted in a sunny place, most areas can be cultivated in the open field for wintering, and the light begins after germination in April, and the water and fertilizer management is paid attention to after stable growth, and the light is strengthened during the flowering period.

3. The temperature osmanthus seedling growth temperature is more than 10 degrees to 20 degrees, and the wintering temperature is no problem above 5, and more than 10 need to be cultivated outdoors, and the environment is placed in the sunny or semi-shaded environment for normal management.