What was the fundamental reason for the shift of the economic center of gravity from the north to th

There are three fundamental reasons why the economic center of gravity in ancient times shifted from the north to the south. One isNorthern RegionsWars are frequent,".The Yongjia RebellionAnshi RebellionThe outbreak caused devastating damage to the economy of the north, while the Jiangnan generation was less affected by the war. Second, in order to escape the war, a large number of people in the north crossed the river to the south, which became the driving force behind the development of the southern economy.

The third isSouthern regionAbundant rainfall, rivers and abundant products are used for agriculture, handicrafts and commerceThe exhibition has provided good basic conditions.

Three stages of the shift of economic center of gravity in ancient China

The economic center of gravity in ancient China has undergone a process of change from north to south. The first stage was from ancient times to the Western Jin Dynasty, during which the north surpassed the south in terms of population and economic development. The second stage was from the end of the Western Jin Dynasty to the Sui and Tang dynasties, during which the southern economy continued to grow rapidly, and the country's economic center of gravity shifted southward.

The third stage is from the Northern Song Dynasty.

to the Southern Song Dynasty. During this period, the economy of the south continued to develop, and the economic center of gravity completely completed the process of moving southward.

There are three fundamental reasons for the shift of the economic center of gravity from the north to the south

First, the degree of economic development in the northern region initially far exceeded that in the south, the Yellow River Valley.

and the Central Plains, which has therefore become the focus of contention among various factions, and wars have occurred frequently. "Yongjia Rebellion", "Anshi Rebellion", "Jingkang Change".

and other fierce war disasters, which caused the economy of the north to suffer devastating heavy blows many times, and the vitality was greatly damaged. The southern region is under the protection of the Yangtze River and is less affected by the war.

Second, every major war will cause the people in the north to cross the river in large numbers to settle down in the south in order to escape the war, thus providing sufficient labor force for the economic development and agricultural development of the south and the relatively advanced agricultural production technology in the north.

and mature handicraft technology, but also injected new vitality into the economic development of the south.

Third, the south already has good basic conditions for developing agriculture and the economy. The southern region has abundant precipitation, rivers from the horizontal, the temperature is warmer, the products are abundant, known as the "land of fish and rice", but also more suitable for the development of sericulture breeding, tea planting and other projects, silk tea eventually become the wings of the southern economy.

It can be seen that the shift of the economic center of gravity from the north to the south in ancient times was completed after a long process of development under the influence of many factors.

The fundamental reason is economic development, because there is no war in the south, the environment is relatively stable, and the economic development greatly exceeds that of the north.

1. The north has been in turmoil, which is not conducive to economic development 2. Due to the war, many people have migrated to the south, which is the labor force for economic development in the south 3. The south is rich in products and has sufficient rain throughout the year, which is extremely beneficial to the development of handicrafts and agriculture.

There was less war in the south, and the natural conditions for growing crops were relatively superior.

The southward shift of the economic center of gravity can be roughly divided into three stages:

1.Eastern jin. Southern Dynasties:

Towards balance. After the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty, the southern region experienced the regime change of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, the economic development of Jiangnan narrowed the economic gap between the north and the south and tended to be balanced, which laid the foundation for the gradual southward shift of China's economic center of gravity in the future.

2.The Five Dynasties of the Sui and Tang Dynasties: Began to move south. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the economies of both the north and the south achieved great development. Gangnam area.

The land resources have been further developed and become an important grain producing area. But the Anshi Rebellion.

Later, there was a situation in the north of the feudal towns, and the economy of the north was seriously damaged again, and by the late Tang Dynasty, there had been a phenomenon of "the place where the endowment is out, and the Jianghuai is the majority". Our country's economic center of gravity has begun to shift southward. During the period of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, wars were frequent in the north, while there were fewer wars in the south and were relatively stable.

Throughout the Five Dynasties period, China's economic center of gravity continued to shift southward, and the south increasingly became a developed area of the national economy, with the population exceeding that of the north.

3.Two Song Dynasty: Finally completed. During the Song and Song dynasties, wars were also frequent in the north. Northern song dynasty.

After the demise, the Southern Song Dynasty.

The regime favored a corner of Dongxiao Hu in the south, which led to the further development of the southern economy. At that time, there was a proverb in the Taihu Lake basin that "the Suhu Lake is ripe, and the world is full", indicating that the agricultural production in the south of the Yangtze River has surpassed that of the north, completely replacing the position of the economic center of gravity in the north. to the Yuan Dynasty.

In order to solve the problem of "transporting grain from the south to the north," we have vigorously set up a water transport system and opened up shipping on an unprecedented scale, which is enough to show the importance of the southern economy. It can be seen that the Southern Song Dynasty was the most ingenious stage of the southward shift of the economic center of gravity in ancient China. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the status of the southern economic center was consolidated and developed.

The southward shift of China's economic center of gravity began during the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty, the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and ended in the Song and Song dynasties.

1. Began to move south: the period of the Three Kingdoms and the Two Jin Dynasties and the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

Prior to this, the economic development of the north far exceeded that of the south, and the economic center of gravity was in the north, although the economic center of gravity also changed during this period, but it was always moving east and west along the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Since then, due to the development of Shu Han and Eastern Wu, the economy of the south has begun to develop.

2. The economic center of gravity shifted rapidly to the south: the Sui and Tang dynasties.

The center of gravity of the economy has shifted rapidly to the south, and economic development has basically tended to be balanced from the north to the south, and the south has begun to surpass the north. In the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty and the period of the Sixteen Kingdoms, the south where the Southern Dynasty was located was further developed, and the social and economic development of the south was faster than that of the north.

3. The southward movement was finally completed: from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, the southern economy continued to develop sustainably, and by the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the economic center of gravity had completed the historical process of moving southward. The fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, the southern crossing of the Song Dynasty, and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty marked the shift of China's economic center of gravity to the southeast, and China has steadily formed an economic pattern in which the southern economy is ahead of the north, and the most developed Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions in the south have become the economic center of gravity of the whole country for a long time.

The reasons for the southward shift of the economic center of gravity in ancient China:

1. The long-term war in the north and the relative stability in the south have provided a favorable social environment for the economic development of the south.

2. A large number of working people in the north moved south to escape the war, enriching the labor force in the south and bringing advanced tools and technologies.

3. The southward shift of the political center (such as the Southern Dynasties and the Southern Song Dynasty) or the eastward movement (such as the Ming and Qing dynasties) accelerated the development of the south.

4. The natural conditions in the south are good, suitable for agricultural development, and the external conditions are better than those in the north.

The relatively stable Jiangnan region became a refuge for the Chinese ancestors to flee the war. The economic center of ancient China has always existed in the north, and since Chang'an in the Han Dynasty, this pattern has basically formed. At that time, the area was rich in water and vegetation reserves, and there was no loss of agricultural work in the Yangtze River basin.

Until the Sui Dynasty, drilling the Grand Canal was also more for the wealth of Jiangnan Province to go north, and on this basis, the military wide cherry old goal was also the main reason for drilling a Grand Canal, through which a northern army could be quickly formed in the south. At this time, the North-South exchange developed seamlessly, and many things were already understandable.

<> entering the thriving China, due to the water and soil problems in the Guanzhong area, grain production began to decline slightly, and the demand for food in Chang'an and Luoyang areas began to increase due to the rapid increase in population. And historical turmoil is destroying the economy of the North. The Battle of Annapolis, which lasted for several years, not only destroyed the walls of the Chang'an region, but also incidentally destroyed the economy from the ocean to the surrounding areas of Chang'an.

With the success of the counter-insurgency, the harvest of the Don army was also destroyed to ensure long-term security, and a large-scale relocation of the rural population to the south to avoid a state of inactivity. After that, the two cities were divided and at war with each other.

The main cause of the displacement between the north and the south was four large-scale unrest in the Central Plains. It was Dong Zhongying's turmoil at the end of the East and the ensuing conflict of the Three Kingdoms that led to Sun Zhongmou's establishment of the state of Wu in Jiangdong. The north became the main battlefield between the three kingdoms.

Chengsongran, a relatively stable Jiangnan region, was a refuge for Chinese ancestors fleeing the war. This was the first large-scale southward migration in China's history. and the ensuing Yongjia incident, which led to Jinfu going south.

This is the second large-scale southward migration in China's history. During the ten years of the Tang Dynasty, Tianbao was turbulent in its history, and China and the plains became the main battlefields, resulting in a large number of northerners taking refuge in the south.

Below the southern slope, the Jin and the resulting appeasement chaos led to the migration of the Song East. These major upheavals not only disrupted the economic order of the Kanto region, but gradually destroyed the economic center of the region. What's more, all the major unrest in the North has led to the massive displacement of populations in the North and the South.

1. The rainfall in the south of the Yangtze River is abundant, the climate is hot, the land is fertile, and it has superior conditions for the development of agriculture. Due to its proximity to the sea, the fishing industry is well developed and natural resources are abundant.

2. Since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, many people fled to the Jiangnan region in order to escape the war in the north. Since the late Western Jin Dynasty, in the first large-scale migration wave in ancient Chinese history, more northerners moved to the south of the Yangtze River. The people who migrated south brought labor to the Jiangnan region, advanced production technology and a different way of life.

Wax Rock. 3. There were relatively few wars in the Jiangnan region, and the social order was relatively stable. Thanks to the hard work of the working people in the north and south, the economy of Jiangnan has developed rapidly.

4. Many water conservancy projects have been built in the Jiangnan area, and large areas of wasteland have been reclaimed as Lianglunsan Yutian.

5. The working people of the north and south learn from each other and work hard, which is an important reason for the economic development and prosperity of Jiangnan.