What are the implications of the British for our country from the control of London smog?

1. The Clean Air Act stipulates that power plants in the City of London must be shut down and can only be rebuilt in Greater London.

2. Industrial enterprises are required to build tall chimneys and strengthen the evacuation of air pollutants.

3. It is required to transform the traditional stoves of urban residents on a large scale, reduce the amount of coal, and gradually realize the natural gasification of residents' lives;

4. Central heating is adopted in winter.

Years later, the UK introduced a series of air pollution prevention and control laws, which imposed strict restrictions on various exhaust emissions, and established clear penalties to effectively reduce soot and particulate matter.

Imported from the United States.

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The first is strict environmental laws and regulations and effective enforcement. In the UK, the cost of polluting the environment is high, with fines depending on the extent of the harm caused, and there is no maximum limit, and offenders are subject to corresponding criminal and civil liability. If the public is dissatisfied with the work of the environmental protection department, or believes that a large proportion of the cause of pollution accidents is the inaction of the environmental protection department, they can sue the environmental protection department.

Second, when it comes to tackling pollution, the UK prefers the principle of "polluter pays" rather than "polluter pays". That is, the polluting enterprises will pay, and the qualified and capable professional environmental protection companies will be selected to control the pollution. These professional environmental protection companies are responsible for the effect of pollution control and accept the best supervision.

In this way, it makes full use of the power of the market and forms a benign interaction between pollutant discharge enterprises, professional environmental protection enterprises and professional environmental protection enterprises. In November 2012, China's Ministry of Environmental Protection issued the "Pilot Work Plan for Environmental Protection Service Industry", which recognized and preliminarily stipulated this pollution control model. It is foreseeable that in the near future, it will play a positive role in China's environmental governance.

The fog continued until 10 December. Since then, the British have begun to reflect on the bitter consequences of air pollution, which led to the introduction of the Clean Air Act, the world's first air pollution prevention and control law. Power plants in the City of London were shut down by law and could only be rebuilt in Greater London.

Industrial enterprises are required to build tall chimneys and strengthen the evacuation of air pollutants. It also requires large-scale renovation of traditional stoves for urban residents, reducing coal consumption, and gradually realizing the naturalization of residents' lives; In winter, central heating is used.

After 1968, the United Kingdom introduced a series of air pollution prevention and control laws, which imposed strict restrictions on various exhaust emissions, and formulated clear penalties to effectively reduce soot and particulate matter. By 1975, the number of foggy days in London had been reduced from a few dozen days a year to 15 days, and in 1980 it had dropped to five days.

After the 80s, traffic pollution replaced industrial pollution as the primary threat to London's air quality. To this end, a series of measures have been introduced to curb traffic pollution. This includes prioritizing the development of the public transport network, curbing the development of private cars, reducing vehicle emissions, and tackling traffic congestion.

Since 1995, the United Kingdom has formulated a national air quality strategy, stipulating that each city must conduct air quality evaluation and review, and for areas that do not meet the standards, air quality management areas must be demarcated, and mandatory to meet the standards within the specified time limit. The European Union requires its member states to have no more than 35 days of non-compliance in 2012 or face a hefty fine of $100 million. In order to meet the standards, as early as 2003, the City of London** began to impose a "congestion charge" on private cars entering the city centre, and used this revenue to improve the development of the public transport system.

In addition, in the 80s of the last century, the city of London built a large ring of green space on the outskirts of the city with an area of 4,434 square kilometers. **Decided to try using a calcium-based adhesive on the street to combat air pollution. This adhesive is similar to glue and adsorbs dust from the air.

Street sweepers have used the new product in noisy, polluted urban areas, where monitoring reports a 14 percent drop in particulates. People in the UK can also check the daily air quality release through the Internet.

13.Material 1 The Hebei Provincial Meteorological Observatory has continuously issued orange warning signals for heavy fog, among which the air quality index in Shijiazhuang, Handan and other places has even "exploded", and the number of patients in hospitals has increased; Roads, shipping, aviation and other traffic are blocked.

Material 2: The UK's "smog control tricks". In 1956, the world's first Clean Air Act was enacted; Gradually, the whole population has been gas-fired and the amount of coal used has been reduced.

By the 80s of the 20th century, traffic pollution became the primary cause of air pollution. The United Kingdom** has introduced a series of measures to strictly control car exhaust emissions, and vigorously promote new energy vehicles, public transportation and bicycle travel; In 2003, London introduced a "congestion charge", which levied "road money" on private cars entering the city centre, and all the revenue generated from this was used to improve London's public transport system.

Material 3 On September 11, 2013, the "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan" was issued; On September 17, the Ministry of Environmental Protection announced the "black list" of air quality for the first time; On December 21, Shijiazhuang City launched the "Heavy Pollution Weather Level Warning Emergency Response Motor Vehicle Restriction Notice". ”

1) What does material 1 illustrate?

2) What lessons can the UK's "smog control strategy" provide for the new "smog control"?

3) What is the significance of the approach in Material 3?

13.(1) China is facing a severe environmental situation with serious air pollution; It endangers people's health and restricts the sustainable development of the economy and society.

2) Improve legislation, strictly enforce the law, and bring environmental protection into the legal system; relying on science and technology to develop new resources, especially clean energy; ** It is necessary to increase investment in remediating air pollution; (3 angles of 3 points).

3) Atmospheric environmental protection is related to the fundamental interests of the people, the sustained and healthy development of the economy, the building of a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

The Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution is an important measure to promote the construction of ecological civilization. It is an inevitable requirement to solve the problems of people's livelihood and environment. It is an effective way to establish the image of a responsible country.