Detailed rules for the implementation of the 25 key requirements for the prevention of major acciden

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In order to prevent the occurrence of major accidents in power production, the National Energy Administration, the State Administration of Work Safety, the Ministry of Emergency Management, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and other departments have jointly formulated the "25 Key Requirements for Preventing Major Accidents in Power Production". The requirements put forward 25 specific requirements for the safety production management of power production enterprises, including strengthening the safety production responsibility system, improving the safety management system, strengthening equipment management and maintenance, and improving emergency response capabilities. Among them, enterprises are required to implement the "three major and one large" system, that is, pay attention to safe production, strengthen safety management, strict safety control, and at the same time strengthen the construction of safety production and information technology, and improve the ability of accident early warning; It is required to formulate emergency plans, strengthen emergency drills and training, and ensure that emergencies can be responded quickly and effectively when they occur.

In addition, enterprises are required to strengthen the detection, monitoring and maintenance of equipment, conduct detailed analysis of equipment failures, eliminate hidden dangers in a timely manner, and ensure that the equipment is in a safe and reliable state. At the same time, enterprises are required to strengthen the training and education of employees to improve their safety awareness and emergency response capabilities. In short, the "25 Key Requirements for Preventing Major Accidents in Electric Power Production" puts forward specific, comprehensive and feasible safety management requirements, which provides valuable guidance and help for electric power production enterprises, and helps to prevent and reduce the occurrence of major accidents.

Answer]: Prevent fire accidents, prevent electrical misoperation accidents, prevent large-capacity boiler pressure parts leakage accidents, prevent pressure vessel blasting accidents, prevent boiler tail burning accidents, prevent boiler furnace accidents, prevent powder system and coal dust explosion accidents, prevent boiler steam drum water and water shortage accidents, prevent steam turbine overspeed and shaft system fracture accidents, prevent steam turbine large shaft bending, bearing burning accidents, prevent generator damage accidents, prevent distributed control system failure, Thermal protection rejection accidents, relay protection accidents, system stability damage accidents, large transformer damage and transformer accidents, switchgear accidents, grounding network accidents, pollution flash accidents, tower inverted tower and wire disconnection accidents, hub substation total shutdown accidents, dam collapse, flooded plant and plant collapse accidents, personal accidents, plant power outage accidents, traffic accidents, major environmental pollution accidents.

Among the 25 key requirements for preventing major accidents in power production, a total of 10 items involve the electrical part, namely:

1) Prevent fire accidents;

2) Prevent electrical misoperation accidents;

3) Prevent generator damage accidents;

4) Prevent relay protection accidents;

5) Prevent damage to large transformers and transformer accidents;

6) Prevent switchgear accidents;

7) Prevent grounding network accidents;

8) Prevent pollution flashover accidents;

9) Prevent personal accidents and slow down boredom;

10) Prevent power outages in the whole plant.

"Preventing the production of electric copying force is a major matter.

Among the 25 key BAI requirements, a total of 10 items involve the electric and gas part, namely: zhi

1) Prevent fire DAO

Accident; 2) Prevent electrical misoperation accidents;

3) Prevent generator damage accidents;

4) Prevent relay protection accidents;

5) Prevent damage to large transformers and transformer accidents;

6) Prevent switchgear accidents;

7) Prevent grounding network accidents;

8) Prevent pollution flashover accidents;

9) Prevent personal accidents;

10) Prevent power outages in the whole plant.

Wind turbine structure.

Rotor blades: Captures the wind and transmits it to the rotor axis. On modern 600 kW wind turbines, each rotor blade measures about 20 meters in length and is designed to resemble the wings of an airplane.

Supplement: Nacelle: The nacelle contains the key equipment of the wind turbine, including the gearbox and generator. Maintenance personnel can access the nacelle through the wind turbine tower. At the left end of the nacelle is the wind turbine rotor, i.e. the rotor blades and shafts.

Rotor blades: Captures the wind and transmits it to the rotor axis. On modern 600 kW wind turbines, each rotor blade measures about 20 meters in length and is designed to resemble the wings of an airplane.

Shaft: The rotor shaft is attached to the low-speed shaft of the wind turbine.

Low-speed shaft: The low-speed shaft of a wind turbine connects the rotor shaft with the gearbox. On modern 600 kW wind turbines, the rotor speed is quite slow, around 19 to 30 revolutions per minute.

There are ducts in the shafts for the hydraulic system to stimulate the operation of the aerodynamic brakes.

Gearbox: To the left of the gearbox is the low-speed shaft, which can increase the speed of the high-speed shaft to 50 times that of the low-speed shaft.

High-speed shaft and mechanical brake: The high-speed shaft runs at 1500 revolutions per minute and drives the generator. It is equipped with an emergency mechanical brake for use in the event of an aerodynamic brake failure, or when the wind turbine is being repaired.

Generators: Often referred to as induction motors or asynchronous generators. On modern wind turbines, the maximum power output is typically 500 to 1500 kilowatts.

Yaw device: Turn the nacelle with the help of an electric motor so that the rotor is facing the wind. The yaw device is operated by an electronic controller that senses the direction of the wind through the weather vane.

The diagram shows the yaw of a wind turbine. Usually, when the wind changes its direction, the wind turbine will only deflect a few degrees at a time.

Electronic Controller: Contains a computer that constantly monitors the status of the wind turbine and controls the yaw device. To prevent any malfunction (i.e. overheating of the gearbox or generator), the controller can automatically stop the rotation of the wind turbine and call the wind turbine operator via the modem.

Hydraulics: An aerodynamic brake used to reset the wind turbine.

Cooling element: Contains a fan that cools the generator. In addition, it contains an oil cooling element to cool the oil inside the gearbox. Some wind turbines have water-cooled generators.

Tower: Wind turbine tower carries a nacelle and rotor. Usually tall towers have an advantage because the higher above the ground, the greater the wind speed.

The towers of modern 600 kW wind turbines are 40 to 60 meters high. It can be a tubular tower or a lattice-shaped tower. The tubular tower is safer for maintenance personnel, as they can reach the top of the tower through an internal ladder.

The advantage of a lattice tower is that it is relatively inexpensive.

Anemometer and wind vane: used to measure wind speed and direction.