A high school biology question about ions entering cells

First of all, it is necessary to know that potassium ions are actively transported into the cells of Lizao, and since they are actively transported, it should be thought that it is related to oxygen.

With the increase of eutrophication degree in the pond water, the oxygen consumption of microorganisms in the water increases, and the oxygen supplied to the mitochondria of Lizao decreases, and the energy production inevitably decreases, resulting in the slowdown of potassium ion transport.

b is right.

C is an anaerobic bacterium, which naturally consumes less oxygen and does not reduce the energy production of Lizao.

The increase of fish and shrimp and the increase of carbon dioxide in d make the photosynthesis of algae in the water enhanced, the oxygen content of the water body increased, the energy production of natural algae increased, and potassium ions were easy to enter the cells.

It is not difficult to grasp the main idea by mainly examining the relationship between active transport and oxygen and the relationship between oxygen and the number of organisms in plant photosynthesis

c。Ions are transported from low to high, and Xu energy carriers are active transporters. The proliferation of anaerobic bacteria indicates that there is a lack of oxygen in the water, which affects respiration, lacks energy, weakens active transport, and makes it difficult for potassium ions to enter. My teacher just talked about it. Hehe.

The answer is a cause analysis: since it has been stated that it does not affect the function of the mitochondria, it is false. d is simply to consider, if this can not be ruled out is not learned!

For B, the loss of carrier function does not cause a rapid change in ion concentration. You can understand if you think about what the embankment will look like!!

The answer is b, curart toxin is a chemical secreted by a venomous snake in South America, when curart enters humans and other animals, it will cause neurotransmission at the synaptic site to be blocked, and its principle of action is that curart inhibition of the function of the carrier on the postsynaptic membrane, resulting in nerve transmission to be blocked. Similarly, after the addition of curatoxin, the extracellular sodium ions are still flowing inward, while the potassium ions are blocked from entering the cells and are also flowing out, which is very likely to lead to a rapid decrease in the intracellular potassium ion mass fraction of E. coli, so the answer is B

Self-diffusion is basically not, the cell wall of bacteria is very strong, much stronger than the general eukaryotic (eukaryotes mainly rely on the epithelium to form a more harmonious environment, so somatic cells are generally very fragile, and the cell membrane permeability is relatively strong), the cell wall of prokaryotes is generally very thick, and the various ions with charge generally cannot penetrate.

Na ions are generally delivered through the Na-Potassium Ion Pump which is a classic transmembrane transport pathway for cells that consumes one molecule of ATP, pumps out 3 sodium ions, and pumps in two potassium ions.

The loss of cell selectivity is almost a state of collapse of the cell, which almost completely destroys the cell wall and cell membrane of bacteria, so it can be ruled out.

Affects the synthesis of ATP, the synthesis of ATP is carried out in the cell, and it is said in this title that it does not affect mitochondrial function, which shows that the person who wrote the question is a bit rigorous, and deliberately implies that this is not affecting energy metabolism (in fact, Escherichia coli does not have mitochondria).

Changing genetic traits is ruled out without suspense.

The Na-K ion pump is also a carrier (it can also be said to be a type of ATPase), so B is the most reasonable option.

I really don't know much about curaxin, so I can't explain it in more detail.

1) Radioactivity first appeared on ribosomes, but the question was about membranous organelles, and ribosomes do not have biofilms. So it should be endoplasmic reticulum.

Ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, cell membranes.

In question (3), in a short period of time, that is, in the process of synthesis and secretion, the endoplasmic reticulum decreases due to the formation of vesicles, the membrane area decreases, the Golgi apparatus has vesicles fused, and vesicles are formed, so it is basically unchanged, and the cell membrane is enlarged by vesicles, of course, these are all in a short period of time, and for a long time, in addition to its own growth, the membrane area does not change much.

are ribosomes;

is the endoplasmic reticulum; It is a vesicle;

is the Golgi apparatus;

It is a vesicle; is the cell membrane.

1) Which membrane organelle does radioactivity appear first, here is the organelle with membrane structure, so choose to appear on (endoplasmic reticulum), and the ribosome you fill in is an organelle without membrane structure.

3) It is the Golgi apparatus, and the total area of the Golgi apparatus is unchanged during the synthesis and secretion of secreted proteins.

(1) Because ribosomes do not have cell membranes.

The organelles that produce water molecules in high school organisms mainly include: mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, and Golgi apparatus.

Analysis: 1Mitochondria: The third stage of aerobic respiration produces water.

2.Chloroplast: The second stage of the dark reaction of photosynthesis produces water.

3.Ribosomes: During translation, amino acids are dehydrated and condensed to produce water.

4.Golgi apparatus: The synthesis of cellulose in plant cells (condensation by dehydration of glucose) produces water.

Mitochondria produce H2O during energy metabolism.

The answer is: b.

The nucleotides in A are not macromolecules, and glycogen does not contain N;

Item B is a macromolecule, and all contain n;

The amino acids in c are not macromolecules;

Cellulose in D does not contain N.

The answer is: B.

The elemental composition of glycogen in A and cellulose in D is C, H, O;

The amino acids in C are small molecules, so the answer is: B

Biomolecules, it should be d.

Water molecules move in and out of the cell, depending on the difference in concentration of fluid inside and outside the cell. This statement is true.

This way of absorbing water is osmosis, which is free diffusion, and mainly depends on the concentration difference between the inside and outside of the cell to absorb water.

1) According to the position of the glycoprotein, it can be judged that the A side is the outer side of the cell, and the B side is the inner side of the cell, so the direction in which the substance enters the rented cell is from A to B, inorganic salts.

Ions need a cell membrane to enter the cell.

Carrier proteins on the surface are involved

2) The glycoprotein on the surface of the cell membrane has the function of recognition 3) The function of the cell membrane is mainly reflected by proteins, so the more complex the membrane, the more types and quantities of proteins on it.

4) According to the principle of similarity and dissolution, it is stated that the main components of the cell membrane are lipids.

So the answer is: 1) a b protein.

2) Glycoproteins.

3) Protein.

4) Phospholipids (lipids).

1.Cell membranes are made up of lipids, proteins, and sugars, and the following statements about their composition and function are correct.

a.Lipid-rich cell membranes are functionally complex. False, lipids are generally only related to cell mobility.

b.Cell membranes with a large variety and number of proteins are functionally complex. Yes, proteins are molecules that perform various functions of cells.

c.The amount of carbohydrates determines the complexity of cell membrane function. False, sugars are generally only associated with cellular recognition.

d.The lipid content is up to 50%, which plays a decisive role in the function of the cell membrane. False, lipids are generally only related to cell mobility.

2.The following groups of membranes have the greatest differences in substances.

a.Cell membrane with Golgi membrane.

b.Golgi membrane and endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

c.Endoplasmic reticulum membrane and nuclear membrane.

d.Outer mitochondrial membrane and endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

The nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and cell membrane are interconnected or interchangeable, while the mitochondrial membrane is not. The above student's explanation is wrong, these five kinds of membranes are all double-layer membranes, and the question is also about material differences rather than structural differences.

Question 1b The function of the cell membrane is determined by the type and quantity of proteins.

2Question D Mitochondrial bilayer membrane and endoplasmic reticulum monolayer membrane ABC are both monolayer membranes.

The lipid content is up to 50% and plays a decisive role in the function of the cell membrane2No.

Question 1b, the basic structure of the cell membrane is lipids, and the function is determined by proteins.

The second question chooses c, all of the above are wrong, I am very sure, the nuclear membrane is a bilayer membrane, and the others are monolayer membranes, note that it does not refer to a monolayer of phospholipid molecules, but refers to a bilayer of unit membrane and a monolayer of unit membrane, mitochondria are a total of bilayer, but here we are talking about the outer membrane, which is monolayer.