Briefly describe the perspective of historical materialist subjectivity

Historical materialismThe basic point of view:

1. Productivity and production relations.

relationship. 2. Economic foundation and superstructure.

relationship. 3. The relationship between social existence and social consciousness.

4. The relationship between the individual and society.

Historical materialism states:The fundamental reason for the occurrence of all events in history is the abundance of materials, and the development of social history has its own inherent objective laws.

The mode of production of material life.

The contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production, and the contradiction between the economic base and the superstructure are the basic contradictions that promote the development of all societies.

Historical materialismThe basic idea: productivity decisionsProduction relationsThe role of production relations in promoting or hindering productivity.

Dialectical materialism.

The principles of cause and effect (internal and external causes), commonality and individuality (necessity and contingency), form and content, phenomenon and essence, main contradiction (aspect) and secondary contradiction (aspect), inheritance and development, etc., the productive forces and production relations, economic base and superstructure, class and class struggle in historical materialism.

Principles such as people and heroes are often used in historical thinking processes.

Historical materialism

It provides people with a correct ideological line for understanding social phenomena and the law of social and historical development, and it reveals that the movement of basic social contradictions is the fundamental driving force of social development, and this viewpoint provides a scientific basis for understanding the law of the development of human society and demonstrating the emergence, development and demise of capitalist society, thus correcting utopian socialism.

They only condemn the capitalist system from the abstract principles of reason.

defects. It reveals that the class struggle is the direct driving force for the development of class society, and corrects the illusion that the righteous of utopian society hope that the rulers will be kind and realize the blueprint of social change in a peaceful way.

Marx and Engels systematically expounded the basic principles of the philosophy of historical materialism in their work "The German Ideology" written in 1845-1846.

The primary and fundamental point of view of historical materialism.

1) The basic viewpoint of materialism is that the origin of the world is material, focusing on the primacy of matter and the secondness of spirit. The development of materialist philosophy has gone through three historical forms:

Ancient naïve materialism, modern metaphysical materialism, modern dialectical materialism, and historical materialism.

2) The basic argumentative view of idealism is that the original principle of the world is spirit, the spirit is the first nature, and the material is the second nature. There are two basic forms of idealism: subjective idealism and objective idealism.

Historical materialism is an important part of Marxist philosophy, which emphasizes that the fundamental driving force of social and historical development is the economic foundation, that is, the development of productive forces and production relations. Its basic points include:

1.Historical materialism holds that the economic basis of society includes the productive forces (the means of production created and used by human society) and the relations of production (the interrelations of people in the production process), which are the fundamental basis of social development.

The superstructure of society, including politics, law, culture, etc., is the reflection and manifestation of the economic base.

2.The economic base determines the superstructure: Historical materialism holds that changes in the economic base cause changes in the superstructure, and when the economic base changes radically, the superstructure changes with it.

For example, changes in the mode of production and forms of ownership in society will lead to changes in political systems, legal systems, cultural concepts, etc.

3.Social history is the history of class struggle: Historical materialism emphasizes that social history is a history of class struggle.

There are contradictions and confrontations between different classes, and class struggle is the driving force for social development. The development of history was carried out under the impetus of the class struggle, and the advance of the social faction was achieved through the victory of the class struggle.

4.Social history is regular: Historical materialism holds that the development of social history is regular, and the development of history is not accidental and disorderly, but proceeds according to certain objective laws.

Through the analysis of social history, Marxists reveal the general laws of historical development.

The basic viewpoint of historical materialism provides an important foundation for the theoretical system of Marxism and has a far-reaching impact on the understanding and transformation of society. It emphasizes that social history has a direction and purpose, and is the process of the development and progress of human society itself.