The working procedures of the fieldwork method are described in detail

Fieldwork is a research method that goes deep into the real situation of the research object, obtains first-hand information through participatory observation and specific interviews, and understands and interprets the research object through qualitative analysis of these data.

Fieldwork, also known as fieldwork or field research, is a concept in the field of communication. It is mainly used for the research of natural sciences and social sciences, such as anthropology, ethnology, folklore, archaeology, biology, ecology, environmental science, ethnology, geography, geology, geophysics, linguistics, paleontology, sociology, etc.

As a scientific investigation method, fieldwork will have certain practical guiding significance for young design theory research. Before the survey, it is necessary to have a clear understanding and basic understanding of the preparation of fieldwork, the basic methods of fieldwork and its skills, that is, how to carry out fieldwork. The whole fieldwork can be divided into three stages: preparation, field investigation, and collation and analysis.

Characteristics of the fieldwork method:

1. Long-term.

Anthropological researchers must undergo rigorous training, usually requiring first-time fieldwork to stay at the site for one or six months.

2. Participatory nature.

"Participatory observation" is the basic feature of anthropological fieldwork, and it is also the biggest feature of anthropological fieldwork.

3. In-depth.

Anthropologists have long been involved in the lives and activities of the respondents, established good social relations with them, integrated themselves into the lives of local residents, experienced the local cultural customs and daily life experience, observed their behaviors in detail, deeply understood the operation process of their social system, and experienced their psychological activities in detail.

Origin

The fieldwork method originated in the West and was formed in the practice of the British-Polish sociologist Malinowski. Malinowski traveled to Papua New Guinea to do research in the Chubulan Islands, where he had planned to do some research for a short period of time, but was forced to stay there for more than two years when the outbreak of World War I caused the British to colonize the area to be on separate camps from Poland.

As a result of his long experience with the locals, his study of the local language and culture, and his participation in many observations, Malinowski published his first book on the preliminary Lan Islands, The South Sea Man, in 1922, which opened an epoch-making page in later fieldwork.

Fieldwork, also known as fieldwork or field research, is a scattered concept that falls under the umbrella of anthropology.

It is mainly used for the study of natural and social sciences, such as anthropology, ethnology, folklore, archaeology.

Biology, Ecology, Environmental Science.

Ethnology, Geography.

Geology, geophysics, linguistics, paleontology, sociology, etc., its English name is fieldwork.

There are three principles that must be followed in the collection of information:

The first is to focus on collecting new materials, collecting new materials that no one has known about in the past or new things that no one has understood. For example, the way of thinking.

The contents of values, national character, ethnic concepts, cultural symbols, social exchanges and interactions did not receive due attention in the surveys of the fifties and sixties, and there is very little relevant information, and more information should be collected in the future.

Second, understand the cultural differences between the region and other parts of the same ethnic group. If information on a cultural phenomenon has been published in other regions of the same ethnic group, it is important to know whether the cultural phenomenon in that region is the same as that of other regions surveyed by others, and if so, in what way.

Third, pay attention to the accuracy of the information, and repeatedly verify the collected materials. Some of the materials provided by the respondents may be unreliable and must be verified by multiple people, and if the majority of people say the same, it proves to be reliable, and if the materials provided by someone are different from what the majority of people say, they should be treated with caution, and generally what the majority of people say should prevail. Or both at the same time for reference.

Fieldwork, also known as fieldwork or field research, is a concept that falls under the umbrella of anthropology. It is mainly used for the research of natural sciences and social sciences, such as anthropology, ethnology, folklore, archaeology, biology, ecology, environmental science, ethnology, geography, geology, geophysics, linguistics, paleontology, sociology, etc.

One of its most important research tools is participatory observation. It requires the respondent to live with the respondent for a period of time in order to observe, understand and understand their society and culture. The ideal state of fieldwork is that the investigator has lived in the survey area for more than two years and is proficient in the language of the respondent, so as to facilitate the in-depth study and interpretation of the respondent's culture.

Summary of survey methodology

The selection of survey sites is critical to the success of the survey. China is a vast country with tens of thousands of villages. In general, the empty cover filial piety should be selected as a characteristic or more typical area or village for investigation.

The so-called "distinctive" means that the society or culture of the place is relatively special, and it is very different from other ethnic groups or other regions.

For example, similar to the Yongning Naxi people's Ah Zhu marriage, the Yugur people's tent head marriage, and the long-term mother's house customs of the Fujian Huidong people, are all very distinctive. The cultural connotation of multi-ethnic intermingled places is also a good research object, especially the two or three different cultural convergence areas, such as Gansu and Qinghai regions, which are intertwined areas of culture, culture and Han culture, and have a great influence on each other.

As early as the 80s, I found that the Yugur tent wearing a head marriage (similar to the Naxi Azhu marriage) was very distinctive, and initially judged that this marriage custom was not inherent to my own people, but I never had time to investigate. In 2000, I asked a master's student to investigate, and the results proved my hypothesis and wrote a master's degree.

Fieldwork, also known as fieldwork or field research, is a concept that falls under the umbrella of anthropology.

The basic requirements for selecting a survey site are: first, to select a distinctive area, second, to select a representative area, third, to select an area with special relationships, and fourth, to select a well-known community that has been investigated and studied by predecessors.

Fieldwork concept.

The scientific anthropological fieldwork method was developed by Malinowski, a representative of the British functional school.

Laid the foundation by Bronis Aw Kasper Malinowski, and the famous sociologist Fei Xiaotong has made great achievements in this field in our country.

Mr. One of its most important research tools is participatory observation.

It requires the respondent to live with the respondent for a period of time, to observe, understand and understand their society and culture from the fighting. The ideal state of fieldwork is that the investigator has lived in the survey area for more than two years and is proficient in the respondent's language, so as to facilitate the in-depth study and interpretation of the respondent's culture.

Traditional fieldwork methods are time-consuming and costly, and on the other hand, if the methods are not used properly, their reliability and validity will be greatly reduced.