The chief designer of the Old Summer Palace, Lei Jinshan s information?

Please refer to these 2 encyclopedias.,Lei Jin Mountain?。。。 I don't know.

It's the guy from the style Lei family, right......

The Old Summer Palace was designed by him, but the part about Western architecture should be designed by Lang Shining, which is also the only palace building that the Lei family did not participate in the design of (it seems).

And the style of the Lei family is very famous is that "hot sample", many buildings in the Old Summer Palace we can restore because of the hot sample (similar to the architectural model).

The chief designer of the Old Summer Palace is named Lei Jinyu, he was favored by Kangxi when he built the Forbidden City, but most of the actual construction is still the emperor's opinion, whether it is Kangxi, Yongzheng or Qianlong are personally guided, so Lei Jinyu is very happy. And created the model method of "hot plate". But it was destroyed by Xianfeng.

Lei Jinyu's name is Lei Jinyu, and he is building Zibai

When the city was forbidden, it was looked at by Kangxi, but in the actual construction, most of them were still the emperor's opinion, whether it was Dao Kangxi, Yongzheng or Qianlong, they were all personally guided, so Lei Jinyu was extremely happy. And created the model method of "hot plate". But it was destroyed by Xianfeng. Seek adoption.

The chief designer of the Old Summer Palace was Yongzheng, and his construction drawings were all Gongbi prints made of Chinese gongbi techniques, which could not be used as architectural drawings in the eyes of the present authority. But at that time in China, there was a family surnamed Lei, a very famous architectural family, the head of the family Lei Jinyu once because of the Forbidden City after the fire, with its amazing memory of the original appearance of the restored burned palace, Yongzheng fancied, upgraded to the chief engineer of the royal building. It was under his leadership that the Old Summer Palace was first made of materials such as clay and wood according to the architectural drawings drawn by Gongbi.

In the process of making the model, they will submit each scene to Yongzheng for review, and after his correction and modification, the architectural model of the entire Old Summer Palace is completed, and its real buildings are based on these models as prototypes, and the scale is expanded to complete.

The Old Summer Palace lasted 150 years to build, not a single person, most of which are Jiangnan garden characteristics, designed and built by Jiangnan craftsmen, and the western building part is designed and guided by Western missionary Tulang Shining, Jiang Youren, Wang Zhicheng, etc., and built by Chinese craftsmen.

Do you know about the Old Summer Palace?

The Old Summer Palace, also known as the Three Gardens of the Old Ming Dynasty and the Summer Palace, is a large royal palace in the Qing Dynasty, located in the western suburbs of Beijing, adjacent to the Summer Palace, composed of the Old Summer Palace, the Changchun Garden and the Wanchun Garden, so it is also called the Three Gardens of the Old Ming Palace; There are also many small gardens, distributed on the east, west and south sides, surrounded by stars and moons. The area of the park is more than 340 hectares, with a construction area of 200,000 square meters and more than 150 scenes.

The Old Summer Palace was founded in 1709 and was originally given by Emperor Kangxi to Yinzhen, the fourth son of the emperor; In 1722, after Yongzheng ascended the throne, he expanded the original garden, and added the Zhengda Guangming Hall and the Qinzheng Hall in the south of the garden, as well as the cabinet, the six ministries, and the military aircraft department. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, in addition to the partial addition and reconstruction of the Old Summer Palace, the Changchun Garden was newly built in the east, and the Wanchun Garden was incorporated into the southeast neighbor, and the pattern of the three Yuan Ming Gardens was basically formed; In the Jiaqing Dynasty, the Qichun Garden was mainly repaired and expanded, making it one of the main garden places.

In 1860, the British and French forces looted the Old Summer Palace and looted most of the treasures and cultural relics in the garden. So how many treasures are there in Yuanmingyuan? No one can tell.

The figures that have been drawn so far are only speculation. According to the actual cultural relics of the Forbidden City at the time of Puyi's abdication, there are about 1.5 million pieces of cultural relics, plus an inventory of the Ministry of Internal Affairs during the Daoguang period: there are 290505 silver ingots in the Forbidden City, 280694 silver ingots in the Old Summer Palace, and 1,621 auspicious ruyi, including 1,194 in the palace, 450 in the Old Summer Palace, 501 in jade inkstones, pen washing, etc., of which 142 are in the palace and 337 are in the Old Summer Palace; There are a total of 773 first-class porcelain stoves, bottles, cans, etc., of which 337 are stored in the palace and 291 are stored in the Old Summer Palace......According to various speculations, it is judged that the number of treasures and cultural relics collected in the Old Summer Palace at that time should be around 1.5 million.

The Old Summer Palace is located in the northwest suburbs of Beijing, adjacent to the Summer Palace, and consists of the Old Summer Palace, the Changchun Garden and the Wanchun Garden, also known as the Three Gardens of the Old Ming Palace. The Old Summer Palace is one of the famous royal gardens of the Qing Dynasty, with an area of more than 5,200 acres and more than 150 scenes. With a construction area of 160,000 square meters, it is known as the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens".

The royal family of the Qing Dynasty would come here to manage the government in the middle of summer, so the Old Summer Palace was also called the "summer palace".

The Old Summer Palace is a large royal garden in the Qing Dynasty, located in Haidian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, which is composed of the Old Summer Palace and its attached gardens, Changchun Garden and Qichun Garden (later renamed Wanchun Garden), so it is also called the Three Gardens of the Old Ming Palace. [1][2]

The Old Summer Palace covers an area of square kilometers, with a construction area of 200,000 square meters and more than 150 scenes, and is known as the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens". [3] The Qing Emperor came here every midsummer to escape the summer, listen to politics, and deal with military and political affairs, so it was also called the "summer palace".

The Old Summer Palace was founded in 1707 (the forty-sixth year of Kangxi) [4], which was originally a gift from Emperor Kangxi to Yinzhen, the fourth son of the emperor, and Kangxi inscribed a plaque "Yuanmingyuan" for it, and "Yuanming" was the name of Yongzheng. After Yongzheng ascended the throne in 1722, he expanded the original garden, and added the Zhengda Guangming Hall and the Qinzheng Hall in the south of the garden, as well as many duty rooms of the cabinet, the six ministries and the military aircraft department, hoping to "avoid the noise and listen to the government" in summer. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, in addition to the partial addition and reconstruction of the Old Summer Palace, he also built a new Changchun Garden in the east and merged it into the Wanchun Garden in the southeast.

5] The pattern of the Old Summer Palace was basically formed. In the Jiaqing Dynasty, the Qichun Garden (Wanchun Garden) was mainly repaired and expanded, making it one of the main garden places. During the reign of Emperor Daoguang, the state affairs were declining day by day, and the financial resources were insufficient, but he would rather withdraw the furnishings of the "three mountains" of Wanshou, Xiangshan and Yuquan, and do not give up the reconstruction and decoration of the Three Gardens of the Old Ming Dynasty.

On October 6, 1860, the British and French troops ransacked the Old Summer Palace, looted cultural relics, burned them, and wanted to restore them when the Tongzhi Emperor wanted to restore them, but due to financial difficulties, they were forced to stop and rebuild other buildings. After the Eight-Nation Alliance, it was attacked by bandits and finally turned into ruins. [6]

Under the establishment and operation of the Qing Dynasty for more than 150 years, the Old Summer Palace has been famous for its grand regional scale, outstanding construction skills, exquisite architectural scenery, rich cultural collection and profound national cultural connotation, and is known as "the model of all gardening arts", and was praised as "the model of ideals and art" by the French writer Victor Hugo. [1][7][8]

The Chinese name is Yuanmingyuan.

The foreign name is Old Summer Palace[9].

Geographical location. Haidian District, northwest suburb of Beijing.

Climatic conditions. Temperate monsoon climate.

Opening hours: June 29, 1988.

The Old Summer Palace, Changchun Garden and Qichun Garden are composed of Western Mansion Scenic Spots, so they are also called the Three Gardens of the Old Ming Palace. In addition, there are many small gardens, distributed on the east, west and south sides of the Old Summer Palace. Stars and moons surround the Old Summer Palace.

The Old Summer Palace was one of the famous royal gardens of the Qing Dynasty. The three gardens of the Old Ming Dynasty cover an area of more than 5,200 acres and more than 150 scenes.

In September 2017, after expert research, the location of Chunxi Courtyard, the "fifth garden" of the Old Summer Palace, was officially confirmed. The management office of the Old Summer Palace said that so far the statement about the five gardens of the Old Summer Palace in the historical materials of the Qing Dynasty has been confirmed.

The Old Summer Palace, also known as the Three Gardens of the Old Ming Palace, is a large royal palace in the Qing Dynasty, it is located in the northwest suburbs of Beijing, adjacent to the Summer Palace, composed of the Old Summer Palace, the Changchun Garden and the Wanchun Garden, so it is also called the Three Gardens of the Old Ming Palace. In addition, there are many small gardens, distributed on the east, west and south sides, surrounded by stars and moons.

The garden covers an area of more than 350 hectares, with a construction area of 200,000 square meters and more than 150 scenes. [2] The Qing Emperor came here every midsummer to escape the summer, listen to politics, and deal with military and political affairs, so it was also called the "Summer Palace".

Who is the designer of the Forbidden City, it is still a mystery to investigate history.

Do you know about the Old Summer Palace?

This is a brief introduction to the history of the Old Summer Palace, and how spectacular the Old Summer Palace was back then.

The destruction of the Old Summer Palace, of course, is to check the textbooks!!

The chief designer of the new Old Summer Palace is Mr. Zhang Xianchun.

The emperor was the honorary chief designer.

In fact, the chief designer was the Italian missionary Lonsnin.

Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong? It took three generations for the Old Summer Palace to be basically completed. This chief designer probably only has himself as the owner.

The chief designer is Yongzheng, but the chief architect is Lei Jinyu!