What is the difference between genetic code and codons?

Differences: The genetic code refers to the nucleotide sequence on the messenger RNA, and the codon refers to the three adjacent nucleotide sequences on the messenger RNA that determine an amino acid.

Contact: The "genetic code" consists of "codons".

The genetic code is also known as the amino acid code. It is a code that determines the length of protein peptide chains and the order of amino acids, and carries genetic information. The carrier of genetic information is nucleic acids, and proteins are synthesized according to the order in which the bases of the nucleic acids are arranged.

Regarding the question of how the genetic code is composed of bases, peptide synthesis experiments using various synthetic RNAs, frameshift mutations, fork mutations, etc., have shown that (1) three bases are combined together (triplet code) to determine an amino acid. The genetic code is usually represented by the arrangement of bases on the mRNA (see table).

2) The interpretation of the code starts from a fixed base arrangement on the mRNA, and is interpreted according to the orientation of 5 3, and every three bases are a segment; (3) the termination of protein synthesis is determined by nonsense codons that do not correspond to any amino acids; (4) The three bases in the triplet unit are not re-interpreted, and there are no extra bases between the codons; (5) Some amino acids have more than two codons; (6) the genetic code is common to all living things; Wait a minute.

Same as codons.

(1) The genetic code is a triplet code, and the genetic code is not overlapping.

2) Continuity, no comma in the genetic code (continuity).

3) The genetic code is universal (universal and specific).

4) The genetic code is degeneracy.

5) "Oscillation" in anticodons.

The genetic code is also known as codon, genetic codon, and triplet code. Refers to messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules from 5'End to 3'The end direction, starting from the start codon AUG, is a triplet consisting of every three nucleotides.

It determines the order of synthesis of each amino acid and each amino acid on the peptide chain, as well as the initiation, extension, and termination of protein synthesis.

The genetic code is a set of rules that translate the DNA or RNA sequence into the amino acid sequence of a protein in a group of three nucleotides into a codon for protein synthesis. Almost all living things use the same genetic code, known as the standard genetic code; Even viruses that are not of a cellular structure use the standard genetic code. But there are also a few organisms that use some slightly different genetic code.

The characteristics of codons are: degeneracy, universality and particularity, continuity, and oscillation.

1. A genetic codon is a triplet code: a codon is made up of three adjacent bases on messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA).

2. Codons are universal: different biological codons are basically the same, that is, they share a set of codons.

3. There is no comma for the genetic codon: there is no punctuation between the two codons, there is no non-coding nucleotide between the codon and the codon, and the code reading must be in accordance with a certain code reading framework, starting from the correct starting point, and reading until the end signal without leakage.

4. Genetic codons do not overlap, and any two adjacent codons on the polynucleotide chain do not share any nucleotides.

5. Codons have degeneracy: except for methionine and tryptophan, each amino acid has at least two codons. This allows the amino acid sequence to be incorrect due to the accidental replacement of one base to a certain extent.

It is mainly divided into three aspects: different concepts, different locations, and different functions.

1. The concept is different.

Genetic information: The order in which deoxynucleotides (or bases) are arranged in a gene.

Codon: refers to the three adjacent bases on the mRNA that determine an amino acid, and determines the order of amino acids.

Anticodon: The 3 bases at one end of the trna that are complementary to the codon in the mRNA and play the role of recognizing the codon.

2. The location is different.

Genetic information is the order of deoxynucleotides in genes, codons are the order of nucleotides on mRNA, and anticodons are three bases located in the tRNA that can complement the codons.

3. The functions are different.

Genetic information is the order in which DNA molecules are hidden in the order of deoxynucleotides that can copy their own information to their offspring, and the role of codons is to determine which amino acid is which position in the protein peptide chain when protein is synthesized. The role of anticodons is to transport the amino acid determined by the codon to the RNA in protein synthesis, and the RNA will attach the amino acid to the peptide chain cluster.