Quail chick breeding techniques, in detail

<> quail is generally called the rearing period from 20 to 40 days of age. This is the time when quail grows most rapidly and early, and conditions should be created for it to grow rapidly.

1) Temperature requirements. After the quail enters the breeding stage, it gradually adapts to the natural temperature, but it is necessary to prevent sudden heat or severe cold, because sudden changes in temperature can cause colds and other diseases. The suitable temperature during this period is 22-24, which is about the same as the natural temperature in most places in Yunnan during the day, and there is no need to take measures to keep warm, and at night it is appropriate to heat up and shield by curtains, etc., which can also basically meet the requirements.

2) Density requirements. As the quail grows up, the density needs to be further reduced to about 50 quails per square meter, and combined with grouping, and at the same time, the weak chicks are kept in a concentrated manner.

3) Lighting requirements. Light has a certain effect on feeding intake and sexual maturity, generally 15-16 hours of light time, light intensity is 5-10 watts.

4) Segmentation requirements. The 20-day-old quail distinguishes male and female quails according to their coat color and chirping, and is kept in separate cages. At the age of 40 days, the sexuality gradually matures, and the quail can be mixed with male and female cages, familiar with the mate, and prepare for formal breeding in the future.

Quail breeding techniques include site selection, species selection, hatchery management, etc.

1. Choose a place to build a house.

When quail breeding, choose to build a quail house in a quiet, convenient and well-lit place, build a quail house in accordance with the way of flat land, the height should not be less than 2 meters, the top should be paved with beams, and the corresponding device should be installed to adjust the temperature to prevent mice, snakes and other natural enemies from entering the enclosure.

2. Select varieties.

Select quail seedlings that are lively and healthy, with smooth feathers, deep eyes and suitable body size, and decide the variety according to the direction of breeding, for example, when used as eggs, you can breed white-feathered quail or Longcheng quail, and match them according to the ratio of male to female 3:1 to ensure the fertilization rate of female quail.

3. Incubation management.

Female quail will enter the incubation period after mating during the breeding period, and select the eggs with no impurities on the surface and uniform distribution of markings as hatching eggs, during which the temperature in the enclosure should be guaranteed to be above 15 degrees, and the ambient humidity is not less than 78%, and the quail can be incubated after 7 days.

How quails reproduce

The breeding season is from May to July. Usually soon after arriving at the breeding ground, the male takes up the area and begins to woo and chirp, and the male is aggressive, especially during the breeding period. Male and female birds do not form a fixed mate relationship, but have multiple females in one male, so males often fight fiercely for females during breeding.

It nests in plain meadows, on the edge of farmland and in grasses and shrubs on barren slopes. The nest is mostly made of natural pits in the ground or a shallow pit in the ground by the female bird, and the inner pit is filled with dry fine grass stems, grass roots and grass blades.

The size of the nest is 10-15 cm in diameter. Eggs are laid at the beginning of May, 7-14 eggs per clutch, pale yellowish-brown, light brown, yellowish-white or dark grayish-white, with black-brown, olive or yellow-brown and reddish-brown spots; The size of the eggs is 21-24 mm and 28-30 mm; The egg weight is 5-7 grams. Female birds incubate eggs, during the incubation period female birds are very fond of the nest, sometimes people do not fly in front of them, the incubation period is 17 days.

Chicks are precocious. On the day after hatching, they can follow the activities and foraging of the parent birds.

Quail farming techniques are mainly based on young quail management, feed management and daily management.

Quail Nowadays, Chinese agriculture is very extensive, and agriculture is relatively simple. However, farmed quail has different husbandry management methods at each stage of its growth.

Especially in the early days of the war. Early childhood is relatively weak, and inappropriate management can lead to death, reducing and affecting economic benefits.

First, the young quail management open code.

Quails are smaller, unstable, and the quail after being wet is not easy to control the center of gravity and cause falls, and sometimes it will be trampled by slightly larger quails, so we should feed drinking water in batches, if possible, you can formulate an appropriate amount of water cup to avoid spilling wet, let him rest for 1-2 hours before putting the quail into the brooding room, and then feed drinking water, and pay attention to the control of water temperature, when feeding drinking water, the morning sedan car should be heated and disinfected, and then control that each quail can drink water.

2. Feed management.

Young quails can be fed within an hour after the shell breaks, and about 4 hours after the first drink. Young quails can feed at the appropriate time for 25-27 hours after breaking the shell. Use hard-boiled eggs or corn flour for the first time.

As food. Young children's initial diet is very small, so it is necessary to control the dosage to prevent wasting feed.

Feed the toddler, let the toddler feed on his own, and make sure that each chick quail has access to the feed. At the appropriate time, the residual feed can be cleaned up to prevent the young quail from ingesting after the feed has deteriorated, which will lead to quail intestinal diseases and affect the reproductive efficiency.

After the quail reaches the rearing stage, we transfer the quail to the rearing cage for rearing. Before transferring the group, make sure that the rearing cage is as close as possible to the previous living environment to prevent quails from being unable to acclimatize.

3. Daily management.

1. The cage should be cleaned frequently, remove feces in time (remove feces once a day, at least once every two days), and frequently brush the trough to prevent pollution, dampness, and keep dry and hygienic.

4-day-old quails often show the wild nature of escape, and must be careful when feeding and feeding to prevent the feed from being picked up and splashed, and to prevent drinking water from wetting the fluff.

3. Quail can be basketed after 40 days of feeding, adapt to the cage environment when laying eggs, make a stove in winter, keep the temperature above 16, and keep good ventilation in summer to prevent heatstroke and cool down.

4. There should be enough light during the egg laying period, and the light can be supplemented for about 4 hours after dark, and the egg laying of the female quail is usually 2-4 o'clock in the afternoon, and it ends at 6 o'clock, and the eggs should be picked up at any time to prevent pecking and trampling.

5. Be diligent in adjusting and checking the indoor humidity, temperature, light and ventilation to prevent all kinds of pecking, stress, animal damage, rodent damage and gas poisoning.

of occurrences. 6. Regularly weigh and check the growth of feathers, and make various records and statistical reports.

1. Quail house: The light of the quail house should be dim, the ventilation should be good in summer, and the hazards of dogs, cats, and rats should be prevented. Lighting must be installed and there must be light levels at night to increase the egg laying rate of the female quail.

Brooding cages, fattening cages, quail cages and hatchery rooms are placed in the breeding room. The cage can be made of bamboo and wood, or it can be made of iron. The bottom of the cage should be made into a mesh, the size of the mesh should be such that quail feces can leak down, and the spacing should be rough, the bottom of the net should be high and low, with a slight inclination, so that the female quail can roll out after laying eggs.

2. Feed reputation mu: The feed of quail should be used as little fiber as possible, nutritious food, and the varieties should be diversified. It is generally composed of soybean cake, fish meal, cornmeal, wheat bran, rice bran, alfalfa grass, cabbage, carrot, bone meal, calcium carbonate, salt, etc.

You can also add some vitamins, antibiotics and trace elements, feed should be relatively stable, if you need to exchange it to gradually excessive.

3. Feeding: There are two ways to feed quails, one is to feed dry material, and the other is to set up drinking water equipment. The other is to feed wet material, and the ratio of dry material and water when feeding wet material is 1:1 in summer

3. Winter 1:2, spring. Feed 4 times a day to timed, quantitative, qualitative**.

9 10-week-old quails should be raised as much as they can eat.

4. Grouping: It is best for male and female quails to be fed separately and so that they can be mated regularly, so as to improve the fertilization rate of eggs. If it is not convenient to divide the group, it can also be mixed feeding.

The ratio of male to female quail is 1:3 during polyculture. Except for the breeding quails, the rest of the male quails are treated as meat quails.

5. Density: Pay attention to the feeding density in the feeding management, the flat density of young quails is 100 1 week old square meters, 85 2 weeks old square meters, 70 3 weeks old square meters, 50 4 weeks old square meters.

6. Environment: The surrounding environment of quail breeding should be quiet, if it is frightened, it will affect the egg production of female quails.

1. Build cages.

The effect of raising quails with the cage method is good, and the bamboo and wood structure can be adopted, with a cage length of 80 cm, a width of 50 cm, and a height of 30 cm. The cage should be set up in a quiet, ventilated, sunny, well-lit and insulated house, pay attention to regulating the temperature, keep it warm in winter and cool in summer, and strictly control the entry and exit of livestock and poultry (dogs, cats, chickens, etc.) or artificial harassment.

The stocking density is calculated according to the single layer of the cage, and 100 150 young quails or about 60 adult quails can be raised per square meter. The quail cage should be equipped with a trough and a drinking fountain; Lighting must be installed and there must be light at night to increase the egg laying rate of the female quail.

2. Prepare the feed.

The feed of quail should be as low as possible and nutritious food, and the varieties should be diversified. It is necessary to maintain a certain amount of protein, good palatability, and cannot be changed at will, so as to prevent food reduction and affect the yield.

The general feed formula is: corn 50%, soybean cake 8%, rapeseed cake, wheat bran 29%, fish meal 6%, coarse bran, bone meal, salt, and some complex vitamins, antibiotics and trace elements.

3. Daily care.

The cage should be swept frequently, the feces should be removed (once a day, at least once every two days), to prevent moisture and pollution, and the trough should be brushed frequently to keep it dry and hygienic.

4. Breeding and breeding.

Spring breeding in 3 May, autumn in 9 November, male and female quail mix 1:4; Generally, each male quail mates with one female quail a day, and too much mating will affect the fertilization rate of the eggs. When breeding, the male quail is put into the cage of the female quail, mates on its own, and then catches the male quail after mating.

5. Catch the brooding pass.

It takes only 17 days for quail eggs to hatch into baby quails. Newly hatched quails have poor adaptability to the external environment, so pay attention to heat preservation. After 1 2 days of shelling, the temperature of the cage should be kept at 35 38 to accelerate the absorption of egg yolk in the abdomen, and the umbilical cord should be well closed.

After that, the temperature will be kept constant every day until it drops to about 25, and the quail should be fed at the right time.

1 day after the husk, feed some steamed egg yolk and crushed corn. After a week, the mixture is fed 5 to 6 times a day (including 2 times at night). The feed should be mixed wet, and it is advisable to pinch it by hand to form a ball and be loose, and some cold boiled water should be fed frequently. Generally, it is raised for 50 days to mature and start laying eggs.

6. Forced moulting.

If the second laying cycle is used, manual forced moulting is required. The implementation method is: stop feeding for 4 7 days, dark, force the laying quail to stop production quickly, then shed feathers, and then gradually feed to quickly resume egg production.

It only takes 20 days from the end of feeding to the resumption of production. Sick and weak individuals must be eliminated, and drinking water must not be interrupted.

Quail has high body temperature, fast breathing and heartbeat, rapid growth, precocious puberty, and more eggs, so the metabolism is vigorous, and the demand for nutrients is high, but because the body is small, the digestive tract is not long, and the digestive ability is not as good as other birds, so it is necessary to pay attention to the feeding in the feeding process.

1 Energy needs The quail needs to emit about 62 76-66 94 kilojoules of heat from the surface of the body every day during the whole life activity. Metabolism, feeding, exercise, etc., require energy; Energy is required to grow and lay eggs. All of this energy is derived from carbohydrates, fats and some proteins in the feed.

However, not all of the energy contained in the feed can be utilized, some of it is excreted with the feces, and some of it is lost with the body surface. Therefore, the energy needs to be replenished continuously.

2 The need for protein Quail eggs contain protein 12 3 , meat contains protein 22 2 , protein is the basis of life activities, is the main raw material for growth, reproduction and tissue renewal, and is also the main component of antibodies.

Egg-laying quails need about 5 grams of protein per day, or about 24 protein in the diet, the feed for growing quails should contain 20 -24 protein, and the feed for meat quails should contain 24-25 protein.

3 The need for inorganic salts Inorganic salts play a very important role in the animal body. Inorganic salts are indispensable for the formation of bones, tissues and organs, and at the same time, it can ensure the normal progress of life activities.

According to the analysis, the quail contains 18 kinds of elements, of which the macro elements (the content in the body is greater than 0 01) are calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chlorine, sulfur, magnesium; Trace elements (less than 0 01 in the body) include iron, copper, zinc, manganese, iodine, cobalt, selenium, fluorine, chromium, molybdenum, and silicon.

4 The need for vitamins Vitamins are necessary for the growth, production, reproduction and health of animals. Fat-soluble vitamins are generally not lacking in quails, and water-soluble vitamins are rarely stored in the body and must be supplied in the diet.

5 Water requirements The water content of the whole body of the quail is more than 70, and it is an important part of eggs, body fluids and cells. Quail digestion, absorption, excretion, body temperature regulation, respiration, etc. are inseparable from water. If there is a lack of water, metabolism cannot proceed properly, and water loss10 can lead to death, so drinking water must be guaranteed.

In winter, warm water should be drunk to prevent quail from getting cold.