How to prevent respiratory infections in autumn and winter?

To prevent respiratory diseases in autumn and winter, the following five points should be noted:

1. Keep the home and work environment open windows and ventilation frequently, and keep the indoor and surrounding environment clean;

2. Develop good hygiene habits, do not spit, wash your hands frequently, cover your mouth and nose with tissues, towels or elbow clothing when coughing or sneezing, reduce the spread of pathogens, and wash your hands in time;

3. Maintain good living habits, drink plenty of water, do not smoke, do not drink alcohol, maintain adequate sleep, appropriate physical exercise, and maintain oral health;

4. Wear masks in public places;

5. Children, patients over the age of 65 and patients under the age of 65 who have underlying diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, chronic lung disease, etc., can be vaccinated against influenza or pneumonia.

Personal precautions against respiratory infections.

1.Open windows frequently for ventilation to keep indoor air fresh.

2.Wash your hands frequently: Hand hygiene is especially important because the nasal discharge, sputum and other secretions of patients with respiratory infections contain a large number of pathogens, which may be transmitted to healthy people through contact with the secretions.

3.Drink more water: Especially in autumn and winter, the climate is dry, the dust content in the air is high, and the human nasal mucosa is easily damaged.

4.It is necessary to insist on physical exercise and cold-tolerant exercise, and appropriately increase outdoor activities, because exercise can not only promote the body's blood circulation, enhance cardiopulmonary function, but also be a very beneficial exercise for our respiratory system.

5.Supplement nutrition and increase water and vitamin intake appropriately.

6.Cover your mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing to prevent polluting the air.

7.Live a regular life, ensure sleep, do not smoke, drink less alcohol, and pay attention to keeping warm to prevent colds and improve your own immunity.

8.Immune prophylaxis can be carried out, and corresponding vaccinations can be carried out before the epidemic season, such as influenza, chickenpox, measles, encephalopathy and other vaccines, to prevent corresponding respiratory infectious diseases.

1. Supplement balanced and adequate nutrition.

Appropriately increase the intake of water and vitamins, pay attention to supplementing more fish, meat, eggs, milk and other foods with high nutritional value to enhance the body's immune function; Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C to neutralize toxins in the body and improve disease resistance; In winter, the climate is dry, the air dust content is high, and the human nasal mucosa is easily damaged, so we should pay attention to drinking more water to keep the nasal mucosa moist, which can effectively resist the invasion of viruses, and is also conducive to the excretion of toxins in the body and purify the internal environment.

2. Develop a reasonable and regular life.

Ensure adequate sleep and irregular life can easily weaken the immune system; Adequate sleep can eliminate fatigue, regulate various functions of the human body, and enhance immunity.

3. Drink plenty of water.

Relevant experts suggest that you should drink more water after entering the winter to moisturize the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. It pointed out that the occurrence of respiratory diseases is caused by the proliferation of germs after attaching to the throat and tonsils. Therefore, regular drinking of water can wash away some of the bacteria attached to the throat on the basis of moisturizing the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, thereby reducing the chance of infection.

In the south, autumn is between summer and winter, and the temperature changes greatly, and infectious diseases can occur in both summer and winter, making it a season with a high incidence of many infectious diseases.

In early autumn, the temperature is high, and some intestinal and insect-borne infectious diseases are high; In late autumn, when the temperature gradually drops and the wind is strong and dry, this is the time of high incidence of some respiratory infectious diseases.

Therefore, strengthening the prevention and control of infectious diseases in autumn is of great significance to maintaining good health. The following is a brief introduction to the three types of diseases common in autumn, intestinal diseases, respiratory tract and insect-borne infectious diseases, as well as their prevention and treatment methods.

Cholera, a common intestinal infectious disease in autumn, is caused by Vibrio cholerae, which has a rapid onset and rapid transmission, which can cause epidemics, outbreaks and pandemics, and is clinically characterized by severe diarrhea, vomiting, and a large amount of rice swill-like excretion. It is often transmitted by water, food, daily contact and flies.

Typhoid fever is caused by typhoid bacilli, and the clinical characteristics are long-term fever, systemic toxicity, hepatosplenomegaly, and roseola. It is mainly spread through water, food, daily contact, flies, and cockroaches.

Although spring is a beautiful season, there is also a certain crisis lurking in this beautiful environment - respiratory infectious diseases. Due to the influence of climatic factors, in spring, it is also a high incidence stage of the spread of various diseases, and respiratory infectious diseases are the primary high incidence of high incidence, such as SARS, SARS, Ebola virus, whooping cough, influenza and this year's new coronary pneumonia, the spread of a wide range of routes, resulting in a high mortality rate, which has an adverse impact on the stability of the whole society. What are Respiratory Infectious Diseases Respiratory infections are mainly acute and chronic respiratory diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, and mycoplasma.

Viruses include influenza virus, measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus, mumps virus, adenovirus, rhinovirus, coronavirus, coxsackievirus, herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus. Bacteria include diphtheria bacillus, pertussis, meningococci and hemolytic streptococcus. There is also a microorganism called mycoplasma, which can cause pneumonia.

With the change of seasons, the weather is changeable, the body's ability to adapt to decline, resulting in the spread of infectious diseases, in order to strengthen the awareness of infectious diseases and improve the level of prevention knowledge, we are now providing you with the prevention knowledge of several common infectious diseases, so that we can be healthy every day.

The main measures to prevent respiratory infections are: immunization, vaccination and personal protection.

You can do some moderate sports to enhance your physique, improve your immunity, and effectively avoid or reduce the occurrence of respiratory diseases such as colds. In addition, timely influenza vaccination 1 to 2 months before the peak of influenza can effectively prevent the onset of influenza, especially children, the elderly and young people with poor physical fitness. Because the effectiveness of the flu vaccine lasts for about a year, it is recommended to get it once a year.

In addition, during the high incidence of respiratory disease transmission, we should strengthen personal protection, wear masks when going out, wash hands in time after returning home, and try to avoid going to crowded places and attending large gatherings. Completely cutting off the transmission route can effectively prevent the spread of respiratory diseases.

1. Wear a mask: wearing a mask is an effective means to block the transmission of respiratory secretions, you can choose a surgical mask can be a good way to prevent diseases of the respiratory tract of the body.

2. Wash your hands frequently: before and after meals, after going home, after touching garbage and petting animals, you need to remember to wash your hands, and when washing your hands, you need to pay attention to washing carefully with soap and running water, and the rubbing time should not be less than 15 seconds.

3. Take the initiative to protect: avoid going to crowded public places, it is now the coming of the Spring Festival holiday, many tourists, go home, have reached the peak period, you can not go out to minimize unnecessary travel.

If you have a cough or sneeze, you should cover yourself with a tissue, wrap it in a tissue, throw it in a closed trash can, and wash your hands.

4. Keep your home or working environment clean and properly ventilated.

I support. First: carelessness. A thousand miles of embankment, collapsed in an anthill. In terms of epidemic prevention and control, a small negligence may ruin the hard-won achievements in the fight against the epidemic. Only by not being paralyzed, not lax, not careless, and insisting on good protection can the spread of the new crown be stopped.

Second: wear a mask and stick to it. Wearing masks scientifically is one of the most effective measures to prevent respiratory infections. In particular, it is important to wear a mask correctly when taking public transportation in public places and confined spaces.

Third: sneezing and talking about etiquette. Droplets produced during coughing and sneezing often carry the virus and can directly or indirectly cause the virus to spread. Therefore, when coughing and sneezing, be sure to cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or handkerchief.

Fourth: wash hands frequently and pay attention to hygiene. Frequent hand washing and hygiene are the most important ways to ensure good health.

Before eating, after using the toilet, after touching external objects, and before touching your mouth, eyes, and nose, be sure to wash your hands carefully, follow the seven-step handwashing method, and rub them together with soap (hand sanitizer) and running water for at least 20 seconds.

Fifth: Frequent ventilation is indispensable. Opening windows for ventilation and maintaining indoor air flow can effectively reduce the concentration of viruses and bacteria in the air and reduce the risk of disease transmission.

The windows should be opened for ventilation 2-3 times a day, for 20-30 minutes each time, especially in closed air-conditioned rooms, the windows must be opened regularly for ventilation.

Sixth: One meter distance, safer. Respiratory tract infections are mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets in close proximity, and maintaining a social distance of more than one meter can prevent viral infections to a certain extent. Keeping the one-meter line, not crowding when traveling, and keeping a safe distance are beneficial to others and themselves.

Comprehensive preventive measures should be applied, including:

Open windows frequently for ventilation to keep indoor air fresh.

Do a good job of household environmental sanitation and keep the indoor and surrounding environment clean.

Practice good hygiene, don't spit, and wash your hands frequently.

Maintain good habits, drink plenty of water, don't smoke, and don't drink too much.

Exercise regularly, maintain a balanced diet, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, and improve your ability to resist diseases.

Clothes should be added or removed according to the weather to avoid catching a cold.

Children, the elderly, the infirm, and the chronically ill should avoid crowded public places as much as possible.

If you have fever, cough and other symptoms, you should go to the hospital for examination**. When an infectious disease occurs, you should take the initiative to isolate yourself from healthy people and try not to go to public places to prevent infecting others.

Do not buy and take certain medicines on your own, and do not abuse antibiotics.

Children should complete vaccinations on time, and the general population can be vaccinated in a targeted manner under the guidance of doctors.

(1) Insist on physical exercise. Such as morning exercises, morning jogging, qigong, walking, swimming, tai chi, etc., usually increase outdoor activities, and bask in the sun more to enhance physical fitness and improve the body's ability to resist diseases.

2) Do a good job of indoor environmental hygiene, open doors and windows frequently for ventilation, and keep the air fresh.

3) Do a good job of vaccination. Children should be fully vaccinated with measles vaccine, rubella vaccine, encephalitis vaccine, diphtheria-pertussis vaccine and other immunization products according to the planned immunization schedule.

4) Pay attention to climate change and increase or remove clothing at any time to avoid cold.

5) During the epidemic season, try to minimize going to crowded public places, let alone visiting the homes of patients with respiratory infectious diseases.

6) Prophylactic medication: When respiratory diseases are prevalent, such as using 10 grams of water as tea to prevent influenza; Eating a few cloves of garlic or a few green onions a day is effective in preventing the flu; 20 grams of banlan root boiled water as tea to prevent measles; Green onion soaking liquid has a certain effect on the prevention of whooping cough.

7) If a patient is found, isolate it immediately**, and disinfect the room where the patient is located.