Stories of Delivering Messages in Ancient and Modern Times 5, Stories of Ancients Delivering Message

Don't let write the princes of the Beacon Theater、We have won that what to write 、、、

The Legend of the Wild Goose.

The ancients used the following methods to convey information:

1] Feathers: Letters with feathers are mostly used in the urgency of war.

2] Chicken feather letter: generally used in the folk.

3] Feather Book: Used to recruit troops.

4] The pigeon biography [the said flying pigeon biography].

5] Fast Horse Biography.

6] Bamboo tube: used by officials and people, similar to the current envelope.

7] Urgent foot delivery: used to transmit urgent military information, commonly known as "passing gold medals".

8] Different dynasties such as Beacon Fire and Wolf Smoke had different ways of transmission.

Beacon fire.

Ekiyo plum blossoms. Fish Ruler.

Flying Pigeon Biography.

I hope my answer will be helpful to you, in ancient China, there was a post station every 20 miles, and once the official document to be delivered was marked with the words "immediately fly", according to the regulations, 300 li per day, in case of emergency, 400 li, 600 li or even 800 li per day. When passing emergency documents, each post station uses fast horses, "thousands of miles of horses" is to describe a horse can travel thousands of miles a day, it is actually impossible, according to the provisions of the Tang Dynasty, fast horses can travel about 180 miles a day, and then the fastest horses may run more, so it is actually the post guards to whip up the horses and run at the fastest speed, relying on a horse alone can not run the purpose, to the next post station to change people and horses, and continue to pass. In the fourteenth year of Tianbao, An Lushan rebelled in Fanyang, and Tang Xuanzong was in Huaqingchi, Lintong, the two places were separated by three thousand miles, and Xuanzong got the news within six days, which shows that the transmission speed reached five hundred miles a day.

In the Tang Dynasty, one foot was a meter, and a mile was a meter. Five hundred miles is about 227 kilometers in modern times, which was already a very fast speed at that time, and as for the 800 miles rush, it may take almost two days to arrive.

Passing by horse is called a post pass, which is an early organized form of communication. Located in the square of Jiayuguan railway station, the "post envoy" sculpture, it is taken from the Jiayuguan Wei and Jin mural tombs, the post envoy holds a simple paper, the post horse is four-legged in the air, and the speed is fast. In 1982, the First Congress of the All-China Philatelic Federation was used as a theme pattern for small stamps, which shows that Jiayuguan is one of the birthplaces of China's information culture.

During the Qin and Han dynasties, a complete set of post transmission systems was formed. Especially in the Han Dynasty, the documents transmitted were divided into grades, and the documents of different grades should be transmitted by special personnel and horses in accordance with the prescribed order and time. The sending and receiving of these documents must be registered, and the time should be indicated to clarify the responsibility.

During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the post industry developed unprecedentedly. The official postal transportation line of the Tang Dynasty took the capital Chang'an as the center, radiated to the four directions, and went directly to the border area, with a post station roughly 30 miles. According to the records of the Six Classics of the Tang Dynasty, there were 1,639 post stations in the country at its peak, with more than 20,000 people specializing in post services, including 17,000 post soldiers.

The post post is divided into three types: land post, water post and waterway merger, and each post station is equipped with a post house, equipped with a post horse, a post donkey, a post boat and a post field.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were also clear regulations on the itinerary of the post post, and the land post fast horse walked 6 posts a day, that is, 180 miles, and then 300 miles a day, and the fastest required 500 miles a day; Walkers travel 50 miles a day; When sailing against the current, the river travels 40 miles, the river travels 50 miles, and the other 60 miles; When going down the river, it is always 100 to 150 miles. The poet Cen Shen wrote in the poem "The Judge of the Character on the Way to Longshan at the First Stage" that "one post passes through one post, and the post rides like a stream of stars; Pingming sent Xianyang, curtain and Longshantou". Here he compares the stagecoach to a shooting star.

On November 9, the 14th year of Tianbao, An Lushan rebelled in Fanyang. At that time, Tang Xuanzong was in Huaqing Palace, and the two places were separated by three thousand miles, and Tang Xuanzong knew the news within 6 days, and the transmission speed reached 500 miles per day. It can be seen that the organization and speed of post communication in the Tang Dynasty have reached a very high level.

In the Song Dynasty, all official documents and letters were collectively referred to as "delivery", and "express delivery shops" appeared. There is a copper bell tied to the collar of the post horse of the express delivery, and when galloping on the road, the bell is ringed during the day, and the fire is raised at night, and the person who is killed is not responsible. Shop for horses, number of shops for people, rain or shine, day and night.

In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Yue Fei, the anti-gold general, was forcibly recalled to Lin'an from the front line by Song Gaozong with twelve gold medals.

In addition, there are bells and drums, fireworks, pigeons, flags, wolf smoke and other ways to convey information.

Wolf smoke. During the Spring and Autumn Period in our country, there was a record of using fire and smoke to transmit military alarms. After Qin Shi Huang, a beacon tower was built every ten miles on the Great Wall, and dried wolf dung was used as fuel.

The ancient poem "Pingsha and the sunset in the desert west, the stars on Longshang are high and low; The sentence "Seeing the beacon fire in a few places in the lonely mountain, and the strong man waiting for the drum" is a true portrayal of the application of this primitive information transmission method. This kind of communication medium was also used in the business activities of merchants in ancient society, for example, in different periods, there are records of nocturnal caravans and horse gangs "raising fires".

The Legend of the Wild Goose.

One is the "men's version": from the story of "Su Wu Shepherd" in "Hanshu Su Wu Biography".

There is also another poignant "women's version" among the people: Xue Pinggui of the Tang Dynasty was on an expedition, and his wife Wang Baochuan was unswerving in guarding the cold kiln for decades. One day, Wang Baochuan was digging wild vegetables in the field, and suddenly heard the cry of wild geese in the air, which reminded her of her husband.

In the midst of emotion, she asked Hongyan to pass the book to Xue Pinggui who was on an expedition, and the kind-hearted wild goose readily agreed, but in the wilderness ** to find pen and ink? In a hurry, she tore off her skirt, bit her fingertips, and wrote a letter with blood to hope that the husband and wife would reunite as soon as possible, and asked Hongyan to take it.