How to plant black beans and how to plant black bean seedlings

Black beans are the black seeds of the leguminous soybean. Black beans are also known as green beans, black soybeans, etc. Black beans are high in protein and low in calories, with a black skin on the outside and yellow or green on the inside.

Black beans like warmth, high temperature resistance, suitable temperature for growth 18 30 degrees, sowing method propagation to large and full grains, black and shiny color is better. Nowadays, the technology of farmers planting black beans is becoming more and more important, and only by continuously improving the technology of planting black beans can we produce high-quality black beans. The following is the black bean planting method and planting time:

First, the conditions of the black soybean production area.

For the production of pollution-free black beans, the environmental indicators of the origin should meet the environmental quality standards of the pollution-free food production area.

2. Selection of black soybean varieties and their treatment.

1.According to the type of local production ecological conditions and market demand, high-quality varieties with suitable maturity, high yield, high quality and strong stress resistance were selected according to local conditions, such as Black Pearl No. 1.

2.Seed selectionBefore sowing, the seeds were selected and selected, and the clarity of the seeds reached 99%, the purity reached 98%, the germination rate reached 95%, and the quality reached the second grade.

3.Seed treatment with rhizobia hali evenly dressed under dark conditions, can not be mixed with fungicides after dressing, sowing within 24 hours after mixing.

3. Black bean planting time.

1.Accurate sowing is generally on May 15-20, the ground temperature of the soil at a depth of 5 cm is stable through 8 -9 hours, grasp the moisture and use a precision seeder to sow in the ridge in a double row of equidistant precision sowing in a timely manner. With sowing comes repression.

2.Sowing depthThe sowing depth is generally 3 cm -4 cm, the soil clay weight or moisture of the sowing plot should be shallow, and the spring drought, windy, loose soil or poor moisture can be slightly deeper.

3.Reasonable densityThe cultivation density should be determined according to the characteristics of the variety, natural conditions, soil fertility and cultivation methods. The seedling density is between 200,000 hectares and 260,000 hectares, and the sowing rate is between 70 kg hectares and 90 kg hectares.

4.Deep fertilization and sowing with a precision seeder to layer the compound fertilizer deep at 8 cm and 12 cm under the seed, the amount of fertilizer 100 kg hectare - 120 kg ha.

Fourth, black soybean planting selection and land preparation.

1. The stubble rotation adopts wheat-corn-black beans, corn-wheat-black beans 3-year rotation system, and uses wheat stubble or corn stubble to plant black beans.

2. Select plots with good drainage, fertile soil and irrigation conditions. Wheat stubble is shallow in autumn and turned 15 cm-18 cm; Corn stubble stubble in late autumn stubble deep ploughing, stubble is 12 cm-15cm, deep ploughing 30 cm.

3. Soil preparation and fertilization are mainly based on spring land preparation, which should be intensively cultivated and raked, and the ridge should be raised in time to protect moisture after raking, and the ridge width should be 60 cm. Before land preparation, 30 tons of fully decomposed high-quality farm manure were evenly applied, and the harrow was combined to bury it in the cultivated layer.

1.(Fertilization):If the black bean stubble is rice, it will reduce the chance of disease after planting black beans, so it is best to plant black beans in a rice field.

In the selected paddy field, use agricultural machinery to plough the soil once, remove the roots and weeds and other debris left in the field before the stubble, and then apply 800 kg of organic fertilizer, 200 kg of urea, 70 kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus compound fertilizer per mu, and then plough the field again to turn the fertilizer into the ground. After these are done, the ridge height needs to be 15 cm to 20 cm, and the distance between the ridges needs to be about 30 cm. Fertilization should be done after the rice has been harvested in autumn.

2.(Seeding Method):In the spring, when the temperature in the ground rises to about 10 degrees, it is ready to be planted.

Before sowing, wrap the seeds with seed coating agent to improve the immunity of the seedlings after emergence. Sowing method: When sowing, press the ridge plank first, and then dig a hole to sow according to the distance of each plant 15 cm - 20 cm, each hole needs to sow 3-4 black bean seeds, cover 3 cm - 4 cm thick fine soil after sowing, gently press it with a wooden board, and then water it once.

1.(Fertilization):

2.(Seeding Method):

1. Maintenance method of black beans.

1. Soil: Black beans are highly adaptable and can be grown in arid, barren land and even saline-alkali land. Before planting, the land should be turned over, and the loose and flat soil is more conducive to the growth of black beans.

2. Water: It should be watered in a timely manner to prevent the soil from forming clumps and affecting the growth of black beans. Especially in dry weather, it is necessary to water at the right time, but do not allow water to accumulate in the soil to prevent root rot.

3. Nutrients: Fertilizer can choose urea, phosphate fertilizer, when turning the land, first fertilize some base fertilizer, and then turn, so that the fertilizer and the soil can be better integrated. During the growing season, it needs to be properly topdressed to provide it with more nutrients.

4. Light: It likes light, and it should be provided with sufficient light during maintenance. You can't leave it out of sunlight for a long time, or it will grow poorly.

Second, breeding skills.

1. Pruning: When there are symptoms of wilting, wilting and yellowing on the branches and leaves of black beans, these should be pruned off in time to avoid affecting the growth of other strong branches and leaves.

2. Reproduction: Generally, the selection of seeds is heavy. Select the sturdy seeds and mix them with a new high-fat membrane. This prevents the effects of pests and diseases at the time of planting. They are then sown in the soil and slowly cured until they germinate.

3. Problem diagnosis and treatment.

1. How to clean up weeds: During the planting of black beans, there are often weeds that absorb nutrients in the soil.

2. Rotten roots: The reason for the rotten roots of black beans is caused by too much water accumulation in the soil, and timely drainage and dredging should be carried out during the watering and rainy seasons to avoid excessive water accumulation and root rottenness.

Select black soybean varieties with full and stable yield, sow after soil preparation and fertilization, carry out fixed seedlings and seedlings after emergence, and strengthen fertilizer and water management, and cultivate and weed in the later stage, and prevent pests and diseases.

1. The quality of seed selection determines the yield and quality, so it is extremely important in seed selection, selecting varieties with robust growth, strong disease resistance and stable yield, removing diseased grains, insect grains and mold grains, and selecting neat and consistent, spherical and oval-shaped, large seeds with light white powder on the surface for sowing. Before sowing, it is necessary to treat to improve the germination rate, when the weather is fine, spread the seeds on the ground, turn over for 1-2 days, and then stir evenly with zinc sulfate and borax diluent to eliminate the germs on the surface, and then sowing. 2. Choose flat land for land preparation and fertilization, and require loose soil and good drainage for planting, turn 15-20cm deep before planting, and rake the soil clods finely after turning, requiring the soil to be finely crushed, without obvious soil blocks and stones.

Before sowing, fertilize the plot after land preparation, apply 2000-3000kg of farm fertilizer per mu, or use 400kg of organic fertilizer, with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and other fertilizers. 3. Sowing seedlings of black beans can be sown when the soil temperature is 10 degrees, generally in March and April, and the method of hole sowing and strip sowing can be adopted, if it is not planted in the same field with other crops, strip sowing is generally used. Strip sowing should pay attention to the fact that the soil covering should be neat and consistent, to prevent different depths, and pay attention to the sowing density, not too thick, generally about 10,000 plants per mu; Sowing 3-4 seeds per hole, covering 3-4cm of soil, 2-3kg of seeds per mu.

After sowing, we should pay attention to the situation in the field, check the seedlings in time after the seedlings emerge, find that the lack of seedlings should be replenished in time, when the compound leaves are grown, the seedlings can be thinned, and the diseased seedlings, weak seedlings, miscellaneous seedlings, etc. 4. Field management: Field management includes cultivating and weeding, fertilizer and water management, topping and chemical control, and pest control. Black soybean should be cultivated and weed 3-4 times from seedling emergence to flowering, the first time at the beginning of the seedling, the second time at the seedling stage, and the third time when the seedling height is 10cm.

After the black bean enters the flowering period, after various growth stages, the base fertilizer has been consumed, so at this time it is necessary to top dressing to maintain the nutrient supply, generally 5kg of urea per mu, after the podding, according to the growth status of foliar spraying fertilizer and root spraying fertilizer, in the dry period to water in time, in the rainy season to pay attention to drainage and flood prevention measures. In order to make the plant start to bear fruit more and inhibit the plant growth too dense, timely topping is necessary, when 5 or 6 leaves grow, topping to make it grow horizontally, when the 4th-5th branch grows, remove the top bud in time to promote the growth of branches. The main diseases of black soybean planting are mosaic virus disease, bacterial class disease, and insect pests such as aphids and heartworms, so it is necessary to do a good job in their prevention and control.

Because the nutritional value and health care function of black food surpass its similar foods, coupled with the obvious effect of anti-disease and anti-aging, it is favored by people. In the developed countries of Europe and the United States, a "black whirlwind" is gradually blowing. China's black soybean exports are large in quantity and high in efficiency, and are often in short supply.

Therefore, farmers can learn to grow black soybeans, which can obtain good economic benefits, and it is also an important way to get rid of poverty and become rich.

1. Select stubble and prepare the land.

When black soybean is planted, the suitable precrop crops are cereal crops, such as wheat, corn, sorghum, etc. In general, the spring-sown black bean plot should be ploughed in autumn after the harvest of the previous crop, with a tillage depth of 20 cm, and after ploughing, it is necessary to rake immediately. For summer sowing of black beans, before the harvest of the previous crop, a bunch of stubble water should be watered, and the bottom moisture should be watered in time after harvest, and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied in combination with the cultivated land.

2. Sow seeds. Spring sowing of black beans is generally sown from late April to early May every year, while summer sowing of black beans is sown as early as possible, and it should be sown before June 20 at the latest. The sowing methods of black beans mainly include hole sowing or strip sowing, which are generally planted in equal row spacing, with row spacing set to 40 cm and plant spacing of 15 cm.

3. Cultivating and weeding.

During the growth of black beans, at least 3 times of tillage should be carried out. Generally, when the seedling height is 5 cm, the first tillage should be carried out, and the depth should be 8 cm. Before the black bean branching, it is necessary to carry out the second tillage, and the depth is about 10 cm.

Before the ridge sealing of black beans, the third tillage should be carried out, the depth needs to be shallow, and attention should be paid to the moderate soil cultivation combined with tillage.

4. Watering. From the seedling stage to the branching stage of black soybeans, when the soil moisture content is less than 20%, only a small amount of water is needed for irrigation. Before flowering, it should be watered in time, and during the drum period of black beans, the drum grain water should be watered at the right time.

Planting fungus black beans should be selected on the soil with thick soil quality and strong drainage capacity, planting black beans should consider the planting depth and soil temperature, and the later fertilization should be determined according to the situation, and the pest control should also be strictly managed. Black beans are a natural anti-aging and anti-aging, food Jiujiang City, to anti-aging, emollient beauty and other effects. Personal opinion, thank you!

In addition to the edible characteristics of ordinary soybeans, black beans also have high medicinal value, long-term consumption can soften blood vessels, prevent and improve a variety of diseases, and strengthen the body, so it has the beauty of strong beans. Black beans are a combination of black, green, and highly nutritious health products, and are favored by consumers.

Tools Raw materials.

Black Bean Method Steps.

1 7 Step by Step Reading.

Choose the best varieties.

The quality of the variety directly affects the quality and yield of black soybean, and the research shows that the seeds of black soybean are not purified and rejuvenated, and the bean grains will become smaller in 2 or 3 years, so it is necessary to carry out seed breeding, and use the neat and consistent large seeds with the inherent characteristics of the variety for production in order to achieve a good harvest.

2 7 Drying and dressing.

It is conducive to sunny days, spread the seeds in the sunny place, turn over for 1 2 days to improve the germination rate, after the seeds are dried, before sowing, according to each kilogram of seeds with ammonium molybdate 2% dilution, zinc sulfate dilution, borax dilution, stir evenly.

Note that the inoculated seeds should not be fungicide, and should not be exposed to the sun.

3 7 Land preparation and fertilization.

The plot of planting black beans can be carried out in time after the harvest of the previous crops, generally 20cm deep is appropriate, after turning to rake pressure, water storage and moisture, to the spring when the surface has just thawed to rake and protect moisture, and then suppress and improve moisture after thawing, forming a soil structure that is virtual and solid. Before ploughing, apply 2000kg of farmhouse fertilizer per mu and 3000kg.

4 7 sowing method.

There are two main types of black beans: hole sowing and strip sowing, which are mainly strip sowing. Strip sowing should prevent the covering soil from being different in depth and too thick. 10,000 seedlings per mu.

Black bean is a cotyledonous unearthed plant, the cotyledon top soil ability is weak, so when sowing, the bean navel is sunk into the soil face down, and a layer of fine soil is covered thinly, so that the bean seeds can not be seen, and it is suppressed immediately after covering the soil. If the interset of mixed crops can be sown in holes, 2 3 grains per hole, and the amount of grains per mu can be 2 3kg. Apply 2000kg of high-quality agricultural fertilizer and 3000kg of high-quality agricultural fertilizer and 10 15kg of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer per mu.

5 7 sowing time.

The sowing period in Northeast China can be from the end of April to the beginning of May, and the early-maturing varieties can be sown late, and the late-maturing varieties can be sown early.

6 7 Field management.

After the emergence of seedlings, it is necessary to check the emergence of seedlings in time, and when it is found that there is a lack of seedlings, it is necessary to replant immediately. Before the emergence of black beans to flowering, 3 or 4 times of tillage and weeding should be carried out. During the flowering period, 5kg of urea per mu was entered, and after entering the flowering pod stage, urea was mixed with dihydrogen phosphate per mu, and then sprayed with 100kg of water outside the roots.

7 once every 10 days. In case of dry weather, it is necessary to water in time, and when it rains continuously, it is necessary to clear the ditch in time to manage the moisture, drain and reduce stains. For black beans with unlimited pods, in order to inhibit the excessive flourishing of the plant, when the seedling is about 30 cm tall and grows 5 or 6 leaves, the top growth is slowed down and the transverse growth is vigorous.

7 7 Pest control.

Generally speaking, black soybeans are disease resistant, and there are not many pathogens that harm black soybeans, mainly mosaic virus disease, bacterial class point disease, aphids, heartworms, etc. In the later stage of pest control, it is necessary to pay attention to the selection and control according to the changes in leaves and rhizomes.