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Respiratory tract infections refer to infectious diseases caused by pathogens that invade the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, including epidemics.

**Fever, diphtheria, whooping cough, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, mumps, measles and meningococcal meningitis, etc. These.

Most of the diseases occur in winter and spring, and patients and carriers are the main sources of infection.

Digestive tract infectious diseases refer to infectious diseases caused by pathogens that invade the mucous membranes of the digestive tract, including bacteria.

Dysentery, viral hepatitis, typhoid, polio, ascariasis and pinworm, etc. Most of these diseases occur in summer and autumn.

In order to control and eventually eradicate infectious diseases that endanger human health, the population is vaccinated against infectious diseases in a planned manner according to a certain procedure, and this work is called immunization.

b There are antigens and antibodies, but they are mainly antigens. Immunoglobulin.

1.Autumn, winter, summer and autumn, 2 refers to the planned vaccination of the population according to the relevant vaccines according to the scientific immunization procedures according to the occurrence law of certain infectious diseases, so that the human body can obtain immunity to these infectious diseases. So as to achieve the goal of controlling and eliminating the source of infection.

3,B4 antibody, protein.

1。Spring, summer.

2。Obtain low-toxicity antigens, so that the body produces antibodies, and the next time it encounters the same antigen, the body can quickly produce antibodies, destroy the antigens, and make the body not harmed or reduce the damage.

Antigens, antibodies.

The first question cannot be selected C, ribosomes are made up of proteins and RRNA.

A may be wrong because some higher plant cells (e.g., apical meristem cells) do not contain chloroplasts.

b may also be wrong, if the teacher thinks that the process of ribosomes synthesizing proteins is not energy conversion.

Mature red blood cells do not have a nucleus.

The function of endoplasmic reticulum is multifaceted, it is related not only to the synthesis, processing, packaging and transportation of proteins and fats, but also to the detoxification of lipids, cholesterol metabolism, glycogen, and the detoxification of fat-soluble poisons (such as phenobarbital). Therefore, all options are functions of endoplasmic reticulum. However, the analysis of the structural characteristics described in the title shows that it is one of its important functions——— providing a channel for the transport of intracellular materials.

For example, plasma proteins, immunoglobulins, insulin, various digestive enzymes and other secreted proteins synthesized in the cell are transported to the Golgi apparatus through the pipelines composed of these membranes, and then secreted outside the cell after processing and packaging.

Definition of hydrolysis: The chemical process by which a compound is cracked into two or more simpler compounds. The H and Oh moieties of the water molecule are involved in the reaction on either side of the cleavaged chemical bond.

Salivary amylase is a digestive enzyme, and any kind of digestive enzyme is composed of proteins (a small amount of ribozyme is made of RNA, and other enzymes are generally made of proteins, and any kind of digestive enzyme is made of proteins).The hydrolysis in the body of organisms generally requires the participation of enzymes, and the question requires salivary amylase, that is, the hydrolysis of proteins, to use protein enzymes. So choose A.

2.Choose A, C

The pulse is usually cut close to the radial artery in the wrist. It takes memorization. In fact, in life, we know that Chinese medicine pays attention to four steps:

Look, smell, ask, cut. The last step is to cut the pulse, and the pulse is to take the pulse, and anyone who has watched the TV series knows that the pulse is all at the wrist, and the radial artery at the wrist is carefully pointed.

3.Arterial blood gushes out with the pulse; Venous blood is a stream of blood that flows out at a slow rate; The blood inside the capillaries is slowly oozing out drop by drop. Arterial blood is bright red, venous blood is dark red. (The grounds are the same as on the ground floor).

4.Select B The blood color is dark red, and the blood flow speed is slow, which can be known as venous bleeding, and venous bleeding should press the distal end of the injured vein to stop the bleeding, and the leg is pressed under the wound. Hope!