Describe the main role of the United Nations in international affairs.

Actively promote the decolonization movement and support the self-determination and independence of oppressed peoples.

Peacefully settle international disputes and maintain world peace and regional stability.

Promote the process of nuclear arms control and the development of the world disarmament movement, and prevent and stop the outbreak and expansion of war.

Promote the prosperity of the world economy, especially the economic development of developing countries.

Pay attention to the global problems facing mankind, such as environmental pollution, resource shortage, and the gap between the North and the South, and promote the common development of human society.

According to the Charter of the United Nations, the purpose of the United Nations is to maintain international peace and security; To develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples; To achieve international cooperation in solving problems of an international economic, social, cultural and humanitarian character and in promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms for all; To serve as a focal point for the coordination of the actions of States in order to achieve the common purpose described above.

Over the past 60 years, the United Nations has played a major role in international affairs around the purposes of the United Nations, which can be summarized in five aspects:

First, the United Nations has done a great deal of work in the maintenance of international peace and security, and has played a great role in preventing and resolving local conflicts through negotiations, consultations, good offices, the dispatch of peacekeepers and, in accordance with Chapter VII of the Charter, through economic sanctions, and other means. In addition, the United Nations has also played a great role in the world's unremitting efforts for disarmament and arms control.

Secondly, in the economic and social spheres, the United Nations has worked to promote international cooperation, assist developing countries, help the poor, protect the global environment, and protect the rights of women, the elderly, and children. It has made great contributions in many social fields, such as drug control, crime prevention, AIDS prevention and treatment, and so on.

Third, the United Nations has adopted a series of declarations, conventions, resolutions and other international human rights instruments on human rights, gradually forming a contemporary system of human rights thinking and making positive contributions to the protection and promotion of human rights.

Fourthly, it followed the trend of the struggle of the colonial peoples for independence, paved the way for global decolonization, and supported and contributed to the victory of the anti-apartheid struggle.

Fifth, humanitarian assistance is implemented. Over the past 60 years, United Nations relief agencies have been present in all parts of the world where disasters, plagues, wars and other causes of famine and poverty.

But the role of the United Nations also has its limitations, especially its weakness in the face of hegemonism and power politics.

Answer] :(1) The codification of international law, in the strict sense, refers to the clarification and systematization of the existing principles, rules and systems of international law. Broadly speaking, the codification of international law also includes the clarification and systematization of the emerging principles, rules and institutions of international law, that is, the progressive development of international law.

2) The United Nations attaches great importance to the codification of international law in a planned, organized and systematic manner. Article 13 of the Charter of the United Nations states: "The General Assembly shall initiate studies and make recommendations

To promote the progressive development and codification of international law. To this end, the United Nations established the International Law Commission to be responsible for the codification of international law. The International Law Commission prepares codification projects, conducts studies, reports and prepares draft conventions under the mandate of the General Assembly.

In addition to the International Law Commission Panels, other United Nations bodies, such as the Sixth Committee of the General Assembly (the Legal Committee) and the ad hoc committees, play an important role in the codification of international law. For example, the Sixth Committee had drafted the International Convention against the Taking of Hostages. In addition, the United Nations has hosted diplomatic conferences for the adoption of relevant international conventions.

3) The United Nations codification covers a wide range of topics in international law, such as recognition and succession of States and **, jurisdiction, maritime and space law regimes, nationality, treatment of aliens, diplomatic protection, human rights, diplomatic consular relations and immunities, treaties, most-favored-nation clauses, non-navigational uses of international watercourses, State responsibility, the principle of individual criminal responsibility and the Statute of the International Criminal Court.

4) The United Nations has made remarkable achievements in codification, and a considerable number of important international conventions have been adopted on the basis of draft conventions drawn up by relevant United Nations bodies, such as the Geneva Conventions on the Law of the Sea of 1958, the Vienna Conventions on Diplomatic and Consular Relations of 1961 and 1963, the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 1966. Even if some codification projects do not result in conventions, the draft adopted by them will culturalize and systematize the relevant customary rule provisions. In addition, a number of international conventions have been adopted by diplomatic conferences under the auspices of the United Nations.

These international conventions constitute the main elements of modern international law.

Therefore, the work of the United Nations in the codification of international law has promoted the development and maturity of international law, and its status is irreplaceable.

After World War II, the rise of the newly independent countries formed the Third World, which used their collective strength to seek the development of their own economies, transform the old international economic order, and promote the establishment of a new international economic order in which all countries respect the permanent sovereignty of their natural resources in international economic relations, adhere to fairness and mutual benefit, and establish a new international economic order, and prompted the United Nations to adopt a series of declarations and resolutions, such as the 1962 Declaration on Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources, and the 1974 Declaration on Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources. The Declaration and Programme of Action on the Establishment of a New Brotherhood and the 1974 Charter of Economic Rights and Obligations of All States reflect the new legal concepts and principles, constitute the basic documents of the new international economic order, and are also the main source of the basic principles of international economic law, laying the foundation for the formation of an independent legal department and the vigorous development of international economic law.

Answer]: The codification of international law in a narrow sense refers to the accurate expression and systematization of existing rules of international law, especially the rules of customary law; In the broad sense, it generally includes the amendment, addition or introduction of new rules, turning them into draft articles, which are endorsed by a competent body, usually a diplomatic conference, and through certain procedures to form an international convention.

Article 13 of the Charter stipulates that one of the functions of the General Assembly of the United Nations is to "initiate research and make recommendations for the progressive development and codification of international law". Within the United Nations system, there are a number of bodies within the United Nations system that are permanently or temporarily entrusted with the codification of international law, such as the Sixth Committee of the United Nations General Assembly (the Legal Committee), and in addition, special committees are sometimes established by General Assembly resolutions, such as the Declaration of International Law, which was drafted by a special committee for the purpose of carrying out special codification work. International conventions of a highly technical nature, as well as international rules and standards for jujubes, are formulated by the competent specialized agencies of the United Nations.

A number of diplomatic conferences have also been convened under the auspices of the United Nations.

I. The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea for the codification and elaboration of international conventions. However, the United Nations International Law Commission (ILC) has the primary responsibility for the codification of international law.

The International Law Commission of the United Nations was established in accordance with Article 13 of the Charter of the United Nations and, in accordance with the Statute of the International Law Commission, its main task is to promote the progressive development and codification of international law. The codification of international law refers to the more precise formulation and systematization of the rules of international law in areas where there is already a wide range of national practices, precedents and doctrines; The progressive development of international law refers to the drafting of draft conventions on issues that have not yet been adapted by international law or that have not been sufficiently developed in the practice of States. The Statute provides for different working procedures for them, but in practice the two cannot be separated.

Its role is to safeguard world peace and development and promote the common well-being of all mankind; Impact is to make new contributions to strengthening global governance and responding to global threats.

As a permanent member of the Security Council and the largest developing country, China plays a key role and made outstanding contributions to the United Nations and international affairs.

Guterres met with Liu Jieyi, the outgoing permanent representative of China to the United Nations. Gutchai Beard spoke highly of Liu Jieyi's outstanding work in the past four years and appreciated his positive contributions to promoting cooperation between the United Nations and China. He said: The United Nations is willing to further strengthen cooperation with China to safeguard world peace and development and promote the common well-being of all mankind.

Liu Jieyi thanked Guterres for his strong support for his work and spoke positively of China's good cooperation with the United Nations.

Liu Jieyi said that China has always firmly supported multilateralism and the United Nations and other multilateral institutions, and is willing to continue to work closely with the United Nations to uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, promote the UN to play a greater role in international affairs, and make new contributions to strengthening global governance and responding to global threats.

The main factors affecting the role of the United Nations are the limitations of the United Nations itself, the United States' pursuit of hegemony, and the rise of the status of regional international organizations.

1. Due to the shortage of funds, the organizational structure and operational mechanism of the United Nations are not perfect, which seriously restricts the play of its role.

2. The United States' pursuit of hegemonism and power politics has constrained the role of the United Nations. The United States has engaged in a single-level world, directly or indirectly manipulated the United Nations, and vainly attempted to turn the United Nations into a tool for safeguarding its hegemonism and power politics, thus restricting the proper role of the United Nations in safeguarding world peace and development.

3. International organizations such as the World Organization, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, and the European Union play an increasingly important role in international affairs, which also affects the role of the United Nations to a certain extent.

1。Such political interests and groups are constantly in conflict.

2。It is itself a product of political reconciliation, not a decisive body.

3。The quality of United Nations personnel needs to be improved.

For the world, China's active and constructive role in regional and international economic affairs is indispensable. In recent years, China has conducted frank dialogues and exchanges with all parties on major international economic issues such as unbalanced world economic development, global development, international development and debt reduction, financial stability, and energy, actively reflected the concerns of developing countries, and made tangible contributions to the resolution of these issues through its own efforts.

1.China is the largest developing country in the world. Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has grown rapidly, its comprehensive national strength has been continuously enhanced, and it has become a regional power with global influence.

Although there is still a big gap between China's current economic strength and that of developed countries, China has great potential and bright prospects, and is a big country that is developing peacefully. 2.The market potential is huge; It is the country that attracts the most foreign investment in the world and is an important driving force for the sustainable development of the world economy.

China has a large population, growing residents' income, growing consumer demand, and huge market potential, and is the sales market of world commodities; China's economy continues to develop and investment demand continues to grow, and it is the country that attracts the most foreign investment in the world and is an important driving force for the sustainable development of the world economy. 3.With the continuous improvement of China's international status, China is playing an increasingly important role in international affairs, and the solution of major international issues is increasingly inseparable from China's participation

China has become an important force in maintaining world peace and stability and has established an image of a responsible major country in today's world.

United Nations, World Bank, IMM, APEC, WTO, IAEA, SCO, WHO, etc.

1. The United Nations has played an active role in maintaining world peace, easing international tensions and resolving regional conflicts.

2) The United Nations has also made certain achievements in coordinating international relations and promoting the social and economic development of all countries.

The United Nations Round Table embodies the fact that all countries, big or small, rich or poor, strong or weak, are equal in national sovereignty and enjoy the relevant rights and obligations authorized by the United Nations.