Sigmund Freud s English interpretation of id, ego, superego .

The "id" represents desire, which is suppressed by consciousness. The "ego" is responsible for dealing with real-world things; The "superego" (partially conscious) is the conscience or inner moral judgment.

In Freud.

In the theory, consciousness is divided into three parts, i.e., id, ego, and superego, which constitute the complete personality of man. All the mental activities of human beings can be explained by the connection between them, the ego is permanent, and the superego and the id are almost permanently opposed, and in order to reconcile the contradiction between the id and the superego, the ego needs to be regulated.

When an individual is anxious due to excessive pressure from the id, superego, and the outside world, the ego helps to activate the defense mechanism. The defense mechanisms are: repression, denial, regression, countervailing, projection, sublimation, and so on.

The ego is the psychological component of the personality, which gradually differentiates from the self and is located in the middle layer of the personality structure. Its function is mainly to regulate the contradiction between the id and the superego, which regulates the id on the one hand, and is subject to the superego on the other. It follows the principle of reality and satisfies the requirements of the self in a reasonable way.

Here, the principle of reality temporarily suspends the principle of pleasure. In this way, the individual learns to distinguish between the thoughts in the mind and the thoughts of the external world that surround the individual. The ego regulates itself in its own destruction and its environment. Freud believed that the ego is the executor of personality.

Hehe, Ben Know-it-all just has this knowledge. According to Freud's psychological theory, personality is composed of three parts: id, ego, and superego.

The self"Simply put, it is desire, such as: hunger, thirst, sex; Selfishness, ambition, and so on. Then it is very simple to know that the ego is based on the principle of happiness, and does not consider the time, place, or method, but tends to seek immediate gratification, and pursues the immediate release and venting of instinctive psychological energy.

Ego"To put it simply, it is rationality, and the purpose of the self is to satisfy the self through the principle of realistic rationality. For example: you want to play the game but"Ego"Control you can't play thinking that today's homework is not done.

Superego"To put it simply, it's ethics. The superego is differentiated from the socialization of the ego in order to better supervise the id. For example: consanguineous marriage.

Personality Structure Theory.

i.e. socialization theory), Freud believed that the personality structure consists of three parts: id, ego, and superego.

The id, or the original self, refers to the primordial self and contains the basic desires, impulses, and life force necessary for survival. The ego is the source of all psychological energy, the ego acts according to the principle of happiness, it ignores social morality, external norms of behavior, its only requirement is to obtain happiness and avoid pain, the goal of the ego is to seek individual comfort, survival and reproduction, it is unconscious, not perceived by the individual.

The self, which means "self" in German, is the part of the self that is conscious of the execution of thoughts, feelings, judgments or memories, and the function of the self is to seek the satisfaction of the impulses of the "id" while protecting the whole organism from harm, and it follows the "principle of reality" in the service of the id.

The superego is the ideal part of the personality structure, it is formed by the individual in the process of growing up by internalizing moral norms and internalizing the values of the social and cultural environment, and its function is mainly to supervise, criticize and control its own behavior, the superego is characterized by the pursuit of perfection, so it is the same as the id, most of the superego is also unconscious, the superego requires the self to meet the id in a socially acceptable way, and it follows the "moral principle".

I believe that these three terms should be heard of by anyone who studies psychology or not. In describing personality, Freud created a structural model that divides personality into id, ego, and superego.

Self: This is the most selfish part of man, focusing only on personal desires and instincts and ignoring morality and ethics, following the "pleasure principle". Freud believed that people are born with only one personality structure, that is, the id.

It's also very easy to understand, what are the characteristics of babies? Eat when you're hungry, drink when you're thirsty, grab something curious, and don't care about whether things are safe or not. This impulse of the self runs through our lives and is the most primitive motivation.

Ego: As the infant grows older, it interacts more with its environment, and the second part of the personality structure, the "self," develops. The biggest role of this part is to satisfy the impulses of the ego in a realistic way in the current situation, following the "reality principle".

For example, when you feel hungry, the ego impulse causes you to swallow food directly on the shelf next to you, and the ego knows that this behavior will be punished if it is discovered, and it thinks about how to eat the food without being detected.

Superego: The third part is formed around the age of 5, and at the beginning, the "superego" mainly represents the values and standards of the parents, and as they grow older, they are gradually influenced by society. The superego has more restrictions on what can and cannot be done, punishes moral violations, and mainly by instilling guilt in the ego.

Some people translate it directly as conscience, which is the part of our heart that is "Mary". In the example in the previous paragraph, the "superego" will make us obediently take the food to the front desk to pay the bill, and even feel guilty about the thought in our minds that we will eat the food if we don't want to pay.

To sum up: After understanding the basic pre-ecumbent thoughts of these three, we will find that in combination with real life, an excessively strong id and superego will have a negative effect on the body. When a person's "self" is too strong, he may behave badly or even break the law. When a person's "superego" is too strong, he will be in a state of anxiety for a long time due to excessive self-blame, and in severe cases, it will lead to some psychological problems, such as depression as we are well known.

To quote a quote from a book: "In a healthy person, the strong ego does not allow the id or superego to control the personality too much." The struggle between the three never stops, and somewhere under everyone's consciousness, there is always a tension between self-indulgence, consideration of reality, and the enforcement of a strict moral code. ”

1. "The Self and the Id" includes three mature works of Freud in the later period: "Beyond the Principle of Happiness", "Collective Psychology and the Analysis of the Self" and "The Self and the Id";

2. "Self and Id" concisely expresses the theoretical points and essence of psychoanalysis; Li Yao lead.

3. Published in 1923, The Self and the Self is Freud's last and most important work, and is recognized as a novel and revolutionary description of the human psyche and its activities.

Freud's theory of id, ego, and superego comes from his masterpiece, The Interpretation of Dreams.