I would like to know what all the experimental equipment in the middle and high school laboratories

Laboratory instruments and equipment include test tubes, boiled sleepy cups, evaporation dishes, crucibles, alcohol lamps, Brinell funnels, etc.

Experimental instruments are instruments used in specific experiments in natural sciences, mainly used in physics, chemistry and biology. Modern commonly used experimental instruments include test tubes, beakers, evaporation dishes, crucibles, alcohol lamps, Brinell funnels, gas washing bottles, drying tubes, tray balances, graduated cylinders, volumetric flasks, burettes, measuring devices, etc.

Biochemical incubator: low-temperature storage medium, microbial culture, environmental test, etc.

High and low temperature test chamber: alternating, damp heat, for industrial and mining enterprises, laboratories, scientific research units, etc. for high and low temperature environment testing and testing.

Aging test chamber: It can compile temperature, time, heating rate, etc., which is suitable for the requirements of various aging tests.

Water bath: constant temperature digital display, used for drying, concentration, distillation, impregnation of chemical reagents and biological products, can also be used for water bath constant temperature heating and other temperature tests.

Importance of laboratory instruments

Self-made experimental instruments refer to finding relevant materials to develop and produce experimental instruments that meet the teaching requirements when there are no ready-made commercial instruments available for purchase, or when they can be purchased but cannot afford them.

The main significance of this is:

1. Solve the problems of insufficient instrument resources and poor matching between the original old instruments and new courses and new teaching materials, so as to provide conditional space for comprehensive and effective experimental teaching.

2. It also creates a prototype of the conditions for the development of industrialized commercial instruments.

3. Cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability. Students' self-made teaching aids (learning aids) are a form of physics experiment teaching activities and an important part of physics experiment teaching activities.

4. The production process of self-made teaching aids is a process of students using their brains, from the initial conception in the mind, hands-on design, and then to the repeated consideration and modification of the intermediate process, they need their own thinking in order to carry out the next step of production, and finally complete the intermediate experience is actually a process of finding problems and solving problems, which not only exercises students' hands-on ability, but also allows students to develop a good habit of positive thinking.

Classification of Physics Instruments in Junior High School.

The classification of instruments should be based on the principles of easy to find, easy to use, and easy to manage and store;

Generally, it can be divided into seven categories, such as mechanics, acoustics, optics, thermal, electrical, electromagnetic, and general, and each category should be divided into special categories according to the number and nature of the instrument and its use, such as:

1. Mechanics; It is divided into length measurement (enameled wire, yuan pencil shaft, etc.), time measurement (stopwatch), mass measurement (balance, weight, cylinder group, etc.), force measuring instruments (dynamometers, springs, etc. can also be divided into general groups), liquid pressure (micro pressure gauge, 1000ml and other specifications of beakers, U-shaped tubes, connectors), buoyancy (Archimedes' law grouping instruments).

Acoustics: mainly tuning forks, resonance boxes, rubber hammers, etc.

Optics: It is divided into lenses, spherical mirrors, plane mirrors, candles, matches, light holders, light boxes, etc.

Thermal: alcohol lamps, iron stands, calorimeters, beakers, asbestos nets, thermometers, fine wires, etc.

Electrical: ammeter, voltmeter, small lampholder, sliding rheostat, fixed value resistor, resistance box, wire, wire stripper and other corresponding tools.

Electromagnetism: large and small magnetic needles, bar magnets, U-shaped magnets, iron filings, glass plates, coils, sensitive galvanometers, electric bell models, motor models, electromagnetic relay models, etc.

1. Ordinary electronic precision balance: sample sensitive hall weighing.

2. One thousandth of an electronic analytical balance: sample weighing.

3. 1/10,000 electronic analytical balance: sample weighing.

4. 1/100,000 electronic analytical balance: sample weighing.

5. Autoclave: sterilization of glassware.

6. Ultrasonic cleaner: cleaning of glass and glass utensils and equipment.

7. Tabletop low-speed centrifuge: separating liquid and solid particles or mixtures of liquid and liquid.

8. Ultrapure water machine: preparation of pure water Ultrapure water.

9. Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer: quantitative or qualitative analysis of substances.

10. Mercury meter: measurement of mercury.

11. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer: mainly used for trace element and trace analysis measurement and analysis.

12. Atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer: trace analysis and measurement of 11 elements such as arsenic, mercury, selenium, tin, lead, bismuth, antimony, tellurium, germanium, cadmium, zinc and so on.

13. Ion chromatograph: analyze and measure the cations and anions in the sample.

14. Gas chromatograph: configure according to the different items measured.

15. Constant temperature and humidity incubator: bacteria and cell culture.

16. Electric blast drying oven: remove residual water in the specimen, dry heat sterilization of glassware for microorganisms, and preheating before heating experiments.

17. Electric heating plate: sample heating.

The instruments and equipment of the chemical laboratory include test tubes, beakers, evaporation dishes, crucibles, alcohol lamps, funnels, gas washing cylinders, drying tubes, etc., chemical instruments can measure or react to materials, which are mainly divided into measuring instruments and reaction instruments.

A beaker is a common type of laboratory glassware made of glass, plastic, or heat-resistant glass. The burner cup is cylindrical in shape, and there is a notch on one side of the top of the stove to facilitate pouring liquid. Beakers are widely used for heating, dissolving, mixing, boiling, melting, evaporating concentration, dilution, precipitation and clarification of chemical reagents.

Column maintenance system, post-column derivatization system.

Test tubes, beakers.

Glass rods, droppers, dropper bottles, fine-mouth bottles, wide-mouth bottles, measuring cylinders, funnels, long-neck funnels, separating funnels, Erlenmeyer flasks, round, flat-bottomed flasks, condenser tubes.

Volumetric flasks, gas collection cylinders, heating instruments: alcohol lamps, alcohol blowtorches, others: asbestos nets, iron frames, rubber stoppers, catheters, medicine spoons, paper troughs, balances, test tube racks, pH test papers, evaporation dishes, filter papers, crucibles.

Tripods, crucible pliers, tube clamps, tube brushes, burning spoons, surface dishes.

Commonly used equipment and introduction

1. Iron frame: used to fix and support various instruments, generally used for filtration, heating and other experimental operations.

2. Beaker: dissolving solid substances, preparing solutions, and dilution and concentration of solutions can also be used for reactions between large amounts of substances.

3. Graduated cylinder: measure the volume of liquid.

4. Gas collection cylinder: used to collect or store a small amount of gas, and can also be used as a reaction vessel for partial reactions.

5. Test tube: A reaction vessel for a small amount of reagent can also be used as a container for collecting a small amount of gas or a generator for setting up a small gas.

6. Test tube clamp: used to clamp the test tube.

7. Glass rod: used for stirring, filtering or transferring liquids.

8. Alcohol lamp: used for heating.

9. Rubber head dropper: The rubber head dropper is used to suck and add a small amount of liquid.

10. Drop bottle: The drop bottle is used to hold liquid medicines.

11. Jar: (the inner wall is brushed) is often used to hold solid reagents, and can also be used as gas collection cylinders.

12. Fine-necked bottle: a glassware used to store liquid reagents.

13. Flask: There are round-bottomed flasks and flat-bottomed flasks, which are commonly used for reactions between large quantities of liquids, and can also be used as device gas generators.

14. Erlenmeyer flask: heating liquid, can also be used to install gas generators and bottle washers, and can also be used for dripping containers in titration.

15. Evaporation dish: usually used for concentration or evaporation of solutions.

16. Funnel: used to add liquid to test tubes, alcohol lamps, etc. There are normal funnels, separating funnels (which can control the flow rate), and long-neck funnels.

Commonly used chemical experimental instruments in junior high school:

1. If the volume of liquid is measured --- the graduated cylinder, it cannot be heated or filled with hot solution.

2. The test tube --- hold a small amount of solid, liquid or as a reaction vessel, which can be heated directly.

3. Beakers, flasks, and Erlenmeyer flasks -- those containing liquid reagents can be heated directly.

4. The pallet balance --- weigh the solid mass.

5. Funnels--- ordinary funnels, long-necked funnels.

6. The alcohol lamp is --- used as a heat source for heating.

7. Glass rod -- used for stirring (accelerated dissolution), filtration, drainage or transfer, such as pH determination, etc.

8. Combustion spoon -- fill solid medicine for combustion experiment.

10. Thermometer -- The freshly used high-temperature thermometer should not be rinsed with cold water immediately.

11. Medicine spoon -- used to take powder or small granular solid medicine, the medicine spoon should be wiped clean with clean filter paper before each use. 12. Iron frame, iron frame, test tube clamp --- used to fix test tubes.

13. Gas collection cylinders are used --- collect gas.

14. Dropper bottles, fine-mouth bottles--- containing liquid reagents, 15. Jar-mouth bottles--- containing solid reagents.

16. The evaporation dish --- heat the evaporated liquid.

17. The crucible --- used to heat solids.

18. A small amount of solid reagent --- the surface dish.

19. The burning spoon --- used when the solid is burned.

20. The test tube brush --- used when washing the test tube or flask.

Glass instruments that cannot be used for heating: measuring cylinders, gas collection cylinders, funnels, thermometers, dropper bottles, surface dishes, jars, fine-mouth bottles, etc.

It can directly heat instruments: test tubes, evaporation dishes, crucibles, burning spoons.

Not direct heating (pad with asbestos netting): beakers, flasks, Erlenmeyer flasks.