What circuit knowledge is needed to design and build a solar power system?

If you take a look at the chips and solutions of TI and NS, they are generally used in the application articles of related chips, which should be very mature by now, and it should not be difficult to use the method of integrating chips.

1 square crystalline silicon solar panel is about 120 140w, if calculated according to 120w, the sun at 6 o'clock a day, that is, 120 6 lights, to see how many hours a day is used, it takes several consecutive rains, if a day is used for 9 hours, 3 rainy days, then the panel is on 30 50w.

The cost required for different regions, different installation difficulties, different roofs, and different installation methods is slightly different. The above is a common installation method calculation.

Principles of power generation. A solar cell is a device that responds to light and converts light energy into electricity. There are many kinds of materials that can produce photovoltaic effects, such as:

Monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, selenium, indium copper, etc. The principle of their power generation is basically the same, and the process of light power generation is described by using crystalline silicon as an example. P-type crystalline silicon can be doped with phosphorus to obtain n-type silicon, forming a p-n junction.

When light hits the surface of a solar cell, a portion of the photons are absorbed by the silicon material. The energy of the photon is transferred to the silicon atom, so that the electron has transitioned, and the free electrons accumulate on both sides of the p-n junction to form a potential difference, when the external circuit is turned on, under the action of this voltage, there will be a current flowing through the external circuit to produce a certain output power. The essence of this process is the process of converting photon energy into electrical energy.

1. The solar power generation system is composed of a solar battery group, a solar controller, and a battery (group). If the output power supply is AC 220V or 110V, an inverter is also required.

2. Solar panels: Solar panels are the core part of the solar power generation system, and they are also the most valuable part of the solar power generation system. Its function is to convert the sun's radiation capacity into electrical energy, or send it to the battery for storage, or push the load to work.

The quality and cost of solar panels will directly determine the quality and cost of the entire system.

3. Solar energy controller: The function of the solar controller is to control the working state of the whole system, and play the role of overcharge protection and overdischarge protection for the battery. In places with large temperature differences, qualified controllers should also have the function of temperature compensation.

Other additional functions such as light switches and time switches should be optional on the controller.

4. Battery: generally lead-acid battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery or lithium battery can also be used in small and micro systems. Its function is to store the electrical energy emitted by the solar panels when there is sunlight and release it when needed.

5. Inverter: In many occasions, it is necessary to provide AC power supply of 220VAC and 110VAC. Since the direct output of solar energy is generally 12VDC, 24VDC, 48VDC.

In order to supply power to 220VAC appliances, it is necessary to convert the DC intellectual skin power generated by the solar power generation system into alternating current power, so a DC-AC inverter is required. In some cases, DC-DC inverters are also used when loads with multiple voltages need to be used, such as converting 24VDC to 5VDC (note that this is not a simple step-down).