The role of the construction of a reservoir in the Yellow River for desertification control

First, in the long run, we should focus on controlling soil erosion, protect and increase the forest area in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, where soil erosion is serious, increase the vegetation coverage rate, strictly prohibit land reclamation, advocate livestock captivity, reduce soil erosion, increase soil moisture, and improve the ecological environment. Create a sustainable ecological environment. Secondly, it is necessary to continuously dredge the river channel, rationally use the water from the reservoir dam to wash the river bed, reduce sediment deposition, and deepen the river channel.

Second, we should make overall plans, make unified plans, use water rationally and scientifically, and avoid wasting water resources such as flood irrigation. In the past two years, it seems that the grasp has achieved some results, and the interruption time has been shortened or even continued.

Third, economic development should be considered from the overall situation, and it is necessary to consider not only economic benefits, but also social and ecological benefits.

Desertification of the oceans

Approximately 1.8 billion tonnes of oil are transported by sea to places of consumption every year. About 1.8 million tons of oil flow into the ocean every year due to improper transportation or oil tanker wrecks, among other reasons. In addition, there is waste oil from industrial processes that is discharged into the ocean.

It is estimated that 2 million tons and 15 million tons of oil are poured into the ocean every year, and some of it forms an oil film that floats on the surface of the sea and inhibits the evaporation of seawater.

Reduces the amount of water involved in water vapor transport. At the same time, it reduces the transformation of latent heat on the sea surface, so that the ocean reduces the role of climate regulation"Marine desertification effects"。Especially since the 70s of the 20th century, it has become more and more significant in China's coastal waters, which directly affects China's climate and precipitation, and reduces China's precipitation.

Categories: Culture Art >> HistoryTroublesQuestionsDescription:

How many methods have there been in history to control the Yellow River and desertification?

Analysis: "Blocking, arranging, releasing and digging" is a valuable experience summarized by the people who ruled the Yellow Dynasty in the past dynasties. Among these five words, "drainage" and "digging" are mainly used in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, using flood water to discharge sand into the sea, using dredgers to dig sand and fix embankments, and the important task of "blocking" and "adjusting" is undertaken by the Xiaolangdi Water Conservancy Hub.

The "dam" can intercept a total of 10 billion tons of sediment in the downstream 20 years in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, and strive for valuable time for soil and water conservation in the upper and middle reaches. The method of "water and sediment diversion" has been effective in the experiment of water and sediment diversion in the Yellow River for three consecutive years. Of the five major measures to control desertification, only "release" – a seemingly arbitrary but restrictive way of dealing with sediment has never been implemented on a real scale on the Yellow River before.

The key to controlling the Yellow River lies in controlling desertification.

The root of desertification control is to control soil erosion in the middle reaches. The main measures to control soil erosion in the middle reaches are planting trees and grasses to achieve the purpose of sand fixation. Only with a fixed turf can the sediment flowing into the Yellow River be reduced, and the source of the downstream "above-ground river" can be eliminated.

The management of river sand mining should follow the principles of protection priority, scientific planning, orderly mining and strict supervision. The law stipulates that activities such as sand mining, soil extraction, gold panning, and disposal of sand and gravel or silt within the scope of river management must be approved by the competent authority of the river; If other departments are involved, it shall be approved by the competent authority of the river in conjunction with the relevant departments.

Regulations of the People's Republic of China on River Management

Article 25.

The following activities within the scope of river management must be reported to the competent river authority for approval;

If other departments are involved, it shall be approved by the competent authority of the river in conjunction with the relevant departments.

1) Sand mining, soil extraction, gold panning, disposal of sand and gravel or silt;

2) blasting, drilling, and digging fish ponds;

3) Storing materials, building factories or other construction facilities on river tidal grounds;

Sifan Tomb) excavates underground resources and conducts archaeological excavations in the river flats.

Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of River Elimination and Calling Roads

Article 18. The land that needs to be occupied by river dredging and embankment reinforcement and river improvement in accordance with the flood control planning state shall be solved by the local people.

The usable land increased by the construction of reservoirs and river improvement belongs to the state and can be used by the people at or above the county level for resettlement and river improvement projects.

I think it's A: midstream desertification.

The reason is: because the Yellow River is a famous hanging river on the ground, it is because the vegetation in the middle and lower reaches of the region has been seriously damaged, in this case, the middle reaches of the desertification control is the best way to solve the Yellow River flooding, as for option D, it can also control the flood, but compared to A, I think D is not the most critical.

The water conservancy community's understanding of the Yellow River and the sediment of the Yellow River is still on the surface. The above 4 answers are all wrong answers. In fact, the correct answer has been available thousands of years ago, and the key to the management of the Yellow River lies in "dredging" rather than "blocking", especially for sediment.

Reinforcing the embankment is the basic measure to obtain immediate benefits, and the basic method of "governance" of the Yellow River, in fact, it is "blocking", which is the fundamental reason why the Yellow River floods are difficult to control. Since Dayu, except for the Ming Dynasty's "abandonment of the south and the north" is the use of "sparse", other periods are "blocked". Thousands of years have passed, and today's science and technology have developed to modernization, but for the management of the Yellow River, we are still backward than the ancients thousands of years ago, which cannot but be said to be a tragedy.

In 1997 and 1998, I repeatedly suggested the use of the "pipeline dredging method" to control the Yellow River, and in recent years, I learned that as early as the 70s of the last century, the people in Shaanxi Province successfully used this method in practice, and the "experts" are still studying the feasibility of this method, and their results are varied, the most rational and credible result is that "the Xiaolangdi Reservoir has a water surface elevation of 250 meters, and the sediment should be discharged into the sea." "I can't say what other results I've seen, and I don't know what the state is doing with cultivating them.

Going back to your question, today we still think that the sediment of the Yellow River is produced in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, which is half wrong in itself, and the control of sand in the middle reaches cannot solve all the problems at all, think about how the Loess Plateau came about, and you will be clear.

Digging the river, it's useless to exhaust you.

The construction of reservoirs can only allow sediment to be temporarily stored in the reservoirs, and slightly delay the elevation of the riverbed, but will not solve the long-term problem.

Giving space to sediment and allowing it to raise the height of the plains on both sides of the Yellow River is the fundamental way out of the flooding of the Yellow River.

A: Midstream desertification control.

Strengthening the embankment treats the symptoms rather than the root cause.

aThis question examines the rivers of our country. The main cause of the flood in the Yellow River is the serious soil erosion on the Loess Plateau in the middle reaches, so the key to controlling the flood in the Yellow River is to control the soil erosion in the middle reaches.