Information on the transfer of information 5, information on the transfer of information

Beacon fire, fast horses 800 miles expedited, wolf smoke, flying pigeons to pass books, manpower long-distance running, etc. (Ancient).

Advertising, telegrams, letters, electronic messages, televisions, drifting bottles, etc. (Modern).

Ancient ways of acquiring and transmitting information:

In ancient China, before the invention of paper, the common "letter" was written on a thin wooden board with lacquer, which was called a wooden slip. Because the wooden slab is generally one foot long, it is also called "ruler". Later, some people wrote letters on silk and called them "rulers".

Zhang Jiuling in the Tang Dynasty poems: "It is difficult to pass on the turmoil of the commission." The ruler means "faith."

"Carp" can also refer to letters, and the allusion comes from the poem of Han Yuefu: "The guest came from afar, leaving me with two carps." Hu'er cooks carp, and there is a ruler book.

Letterhead Letterhead refers to stationery. "Flower note" is a small piece of letterhead made of precious paper and decorated with patterns. In ancient times, there were many famous flower notes, including five-color notes, brocade notes, hundred-rhyme notes, phoenix tail notes, etc.

Or out of Wu, or out of Bashu. The most famous is the Xue Tao note in the Shu note.

Envelopes The earliest envelopes in our country were made of wooden boards. During the Qin and Han dynasties, most of the public and private letters were written on bamboo slips or wooden notes, and then two wooden boards carved into the shape of a carp were used as a bottom and a cover, and the notes were sandwiched in the middle. This plank is the earliest envelope in history.

In the Tang Dynasty, since the beginning of Zhenguan, the envelope was made of thick cocoon paper in North Korea, shaped like a carp, with scales painted on both sides, and books could be stored in the abdomen, which was called "carp letter".

Messenger In ancient times, messengers were called "letters" or "messengers", and they were combined as messengers. For example, Sima Xiangru "Yu Ba Shu Xuan": "Therefore, send messengers to tell the people about the death."

According to legend, Ge Xuan, a Wu man of the Three Kingdoms, exchanged letters with Hebo, making the carp a messenger. Legend has it that the wild goose also passed on the book, so the messenger was also called "the wild goose". Wang Changling, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem:

Holding a double carp in his hand, he watched the geese for thousands of miles. ”

Modern ways of information transfer and acquisition:

From the perspective of human communication history, the evolution of human communication methods presents the following context: visual culture, auditory culture (intuitive feeling, "the spirit of seeing"), conceptual culture ("the spirit of reading"), and a new culture of sight and hearing ("the new spirit of seeing").

Therefore, we have absolutely reason to believe that one day in the future, image information will occupy the mainstream, and literature will retreat to an extremely marginal position, replaced by a kind of multi-art that can be heard, seen and even touched and smelled. However, words will not be completely replaced by images like some people, because words are the main means of accumulating knowledge, an indispensable link for human beings to acquire abstract thinking, and an indispensable medium for human communication.

Cable communication transmission, such as **, fax, telegram, television, etc.

Wireless communication transmission, such as walkie-talkies, BP machines (obsolete), mobile**, radios.

Digital communication transmission, the most familiar, networked computers, digital television.

Paper communication transmission, such as letters, newspapers, etc.

There are five characteristics that information has:

1. Dependency:The information must be represented in a certain medium.

2. Value:The information can be filled to meet the needs of people in certain aspects.

3. Timeliness:Information changes with objective things.

4. Sharing:A piece of information can be shared by multiple points.

5. Transitivity:The transmissibility of information breaks the limitations of time and space. Messaging refers to the meaning of people communicating with each other through sounds, words, images, or movements.

Information transmission is the study of whom, to whom, how, through and to what purpose.

The role of information:

First, the need for survival and development. Human beings are social animals, and in order to survive, they must be aware of the changes in the external environment in time, so as to make timely countermeasures and improve their ability to overcome nature.

2. The need to meet psychological needs. Human beings are complex and advanced creatures, and it is impossible to just survive and enjoy spiritual pleasures when the material conditions are satisfied. The role of information is to enrich people's spiritual life.

Meet the needs of different audiences.

Third, it is an indispensable condition for maintaining good interpersonal relations and an important condition for regulating a social person.

The characteristic of information transmission is that only the content of the information is transmitted, and the source pulse is kept unchanged. Information transfer is the basic requirement of modern management, strictly speaking, all information processing is the transfer of information within the organization, that is, the movement of information in a physical location. The transmission of information is carried out through the transmission of words, language, code, images, colors, lights, smells, etc.

There are one-way transmission, two-way transmission, semi-two-way transmission, multi-channel transmission, etc.

The information system is a data-intensive computer application system with human-computer interaction as the main purpose of providing information services. It has four technical characteristics: the amount of data involved is large, the data generally needs to be stored in the auxiliary memory, and only a small part of the data to be processed is temporarily stored in the memory; The vast majority of data is persistent, that is, it does not disappear at the end of the program's operation, but needs to be retained in the computer system for a long time; This persistent data is shared by multiple applications, even within a single unit or larger; In addition to the basic functions of data collection, transmission, storage and management, it can also provide users with information retrieval, statistical reports, transaction processing, planning, design, command, control, decision-making, alarm, prompt, consultation and other information services.