What are the similarities and differences between project cost and project valuation? Do they have a

1.What are the types of capital project budgets?

The budget of capital construction projects can be divided into two categories, namely: first, budget estimates; The second is the budget. There are two kinds of budget estimates: feasibility study investment estimation and preliminary design budget estimate, and the budget is divided into construction drawing design budget and construction budget, and the capital construction project budget is the general name of the above estimate, budget estimate and budget.

2. What is the difference between a budget estimate and a budget?

The construction budget generally refers to the two categories of budget estimate and budget, or the project construction budget is the general term of budget estimate and budget. The differences between budget estimates and budgets are broadly as follows:

1) The role is different, the budget estimate is prepared in the preliminary design stage, and as a document to the country and region for approval of investment, after approval for the preparation of fixed assets plan, is the basis for controlling the investment in construction projects; In the construction drawing design stage, it plays the role of building products and is the bottom of the project price.

2) The basis for the preparation is different, the budget estimate is prepared according to the budget estimate quota or budget estimate index, and its content items are expanded and simplified, and the general nature is large, and the budget is prepared according to the budget quota and the comprehensive budget quota, and the project is more detailed and important.

3) The content of the preparation is different, and the budget estimate should include all the content of the project construction, such as the total budget estimate should consider all the costs required from the beginning of the preparation to the completion of acceptance and delivery; The budget generally does not prepare a general budget, but only prepares the unit project budget and the comprehensive budget, which does not include the costs of the preparation stage (such as survey, land acquisition, production staff training costs, etc.).

The project cost, that is, the project budget, the project estimate, and the project estimate, the cost is more detailed than the estimate! There is a certain blending, strictly speaking, it is not an inclusion relationship.

The difference between the project cost and the project valuation: the standard of the project quantity is different, and the pricing standard is different.

1. The standard of engineering quantity is different

The project cost is the quantity accurately calculated in accordance with the construction drawing design and quota calculation rules; Whereas, the project valuation is a rough estimate of the engineering quantity.

2. The pricing standards are different

The project cost is in accordance with the market ** or the contract agreed labor costs, material costs, machinery costs, and construction management fees, profits, fees and taxes. Composition of the first engineering quantity of the combination; The project valuation is the result of estimating the various costs of the project based on experience or feeling. is an indeterminate estimate.

The meaning of the project cost is the total cost of a certain project construction, that is, the total one-time cost of the project to reproduce fixed assets in a planned way, form the corresponding intangible assets and lay the bottom of the working capital. Obviously, this meaning is defined from the perspective of the investor-owner. After the investor selects a project, it needs to make decisions through project evaluation, and then carry out a series of investment management activities such as design bidding, engineering bidding, and completion acceptance.

First, the concept is different.

The project cost [abbreviation of construction project cost] is the general accounting process of the completed project by the construction enterprise, and it is also the basis for the carry-over of fixed assets after the completion of the construction project; The project budget is a construction project according to the construction drawings, according to the budget quota, fee standards, etc., in general, before the start of construction, the construction enterprise does.

Second, the role is different.

The project cost [abbreviation of construction project cost] is the construction enterprise for the completed project, the collection of various investments, or the allocation of multiple projects (such as: construction investment, equipment investment, investment to be amortized, transfer out of investment, should be written off investment), and the project budget is the construction enterprise according to the above information calculation results for bidding**, or for signing contracts.

Third, the affiliation is different.

The project budget is a part of the project cost [abbreviation of construction project cost], that is, the scope of project cost [abbreviation of construction project cost] is wider. The project cost [abbreviation of construction project cost] includes project investment estimate, project budget estimate, project budget, project completion settlement, project final account, etc. Therefore, the project cost [abbreviation of construction project cost] includes the project budget, and the project budget belongs to the project cost [abbreviation of construction project cost], and they are subordinate.

Fourth, the scope is different.

The project cost [abbreviation of construction project cost] includes the cost analysis of various functions at various stages and periods, such as the former basic project estimate, project budget estimate, bidding cost estimate, project settlement, and final accounts. Engineering cost [abbreviation of construction engineering cost] is a discipline with a wide range.

Fifth, the steps are different.

The project budget is the estimated cost of the project in the early stage, including the project estimate, the project budget estimate and the construction budget, and the project bidding estimate and cost accounting for the construction enterprise. Budgeting is only one step in the cost of construction.

The concepts are different, the roles are different, and the subordination is different.

The project cost is the general accounting process of the completed project of the construction enterprise, and it is also the basis for the carry-over of fixed assets after the completion of the construction project; The project budget is a construction project according to the construction drawings, according to the budget quota, fee standards, etc., in general, before the start of construction, the construction enterprise does.

The project cost is the construction enterprise for the completed project, the various investments are collected, or multiple projects are allocated (such as: construction investment, equipment investment, investment to be amortized, transfer out investment, should be written off investment), and the project budget is the construction enterprise according to the above information calculation results for bidding, or signing a contract.

Characteristics of project cost

In order to give full play to the investment effect of engineering projects, the project cost is very expensive, often millions or tens of millions, and the cost of extraordinarily large engineering projects can reach 10 billion yuan.

Individuality, difference.

Every project has a specific purpose, function, and scale. Therefore, there are specific requirements for the structure, modeling, space division, equipment configuration and interior and exterior decoration of each project, so the project content and physical form are individual and different. The difference of products determines the individual difference of project cost.

At the same time, the geographical location of each phase of the project is also different, which reinforces this feature.

Dynamic: Any project from decision-making to completion and delivery, there is a long construction period, and during the construction period, often due to uncontrollable factors, many dynamic factors affecting the project cost are caused.

For example, changes in design, materials, equipment, wage standards and fee rates, loan interest rates, and exchange rates will inevitably affect the changes in project costs. Therefore, the project cost is in an uncertain state during the entire construction period, and the actual cost of the project can only be finally determined after the completion of the final accounts.

The cost includes the invoicing.

The project cost includes a wider range, in addition to the price, there is also the control cost.

Moreover, it is more difficult to control the cost.

The cost of the project is completely different from the estimate of the project.

1. The determination standard of engineering quantity is different: the project cost is accurately calculated in accordance with the construction drawing design and quota calculation rules; Whereas, the project estimate is a rough estimate of the quantity of work.

2. The valuation standard is different: the project cost is in accordance with the labor cost, material cost, machinery cost, construction management fee, profit, and tax fees agreed in the market or contract. Composition of the first engineering quantity of the combination; The project valuation is the result of the estimation of the various costs of the project based on experience or feeling.

is an indeterminate estimate.

3. The estimation of engineering quantity or the estimation of various **, as long as there is one behavior, it is regarded as engineering valuation.

4. The positions of the two professions are different. The project valuation is on the contractor's side, and the project cost is from the third party's standpoint.

5. Different definitions:

Project cost: According to the national standard "Engineering Cost Terminology Standard" (GB T50875-2013) issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, project costs (PC) refer to the estimated or actual construction costs that constitute the project during the construction period.

Engineering valuation: The term originated in foreign countries, and in foreign capital construction procedures, the feasibility study stage, the schematic design stage, the basic design stage, the detailed design stage and the bidding stage are called the calculation system for the investment of construction projects"Project valuation'However, the level of detail and accuracy varies from stage to stage.

This refers to the engineering appraiser in the process of the project, according to the purpose of valuation, follow the principle of valuation, in accordance with the valuation procedure, the use of scientific valuation methods, combined with the valuation experience, etc., to make scientific speculation and judgment on the most likely to achieve the project reasonable **, so as to determine the economic documents of the project cost.

Project valuation: the project cost based on the estimated engineering quantity.

Project cost: the amount of the project quantity calculated according to the quota calculation rules and valued according to the quota valuation procedure.

Valuation is a combination of budget and actual construction, so the cost is closer to practice and more difficult to control.

First, the project cost is a systematic concept.

According to different stages, different bases and so on, there can be different divisions.

1. If the project proposal and feasibility report stage need to make the construction project investment estimate (the unit production capacity index method, the main equipment system method, etc.) can be used

2. In the preliminary design stage, it is necessary to make the investment budget estimate of the construction project (using the budget estimate) 3. In the construction drawing stage, it is necessary to do the construction drawing budget (using the budget quota), and at this stage, such as the construction unit to do the bidding documents, the construction unit to do the bidding control price, etc., all belong to the construction drawing budget.

Second, the project valuation: is a single concept, in fact, mainly refers to the above two stages of the use of a cost method.

I don't think it's the same.

(1) Drawings

Include attached textual descriptions, relevant general and standard atlases, and drawings triage records. They stipulate the specific content, technical characteristics, dimensions of the building structure and decoration practices of the project. Therefore, it is one of the important bases for budgeting.

(2) The current budget quota or the valuation table of regional units

The current budget quota is the basis for budget preparation. The preparation of the project budget, from the division of the sub-project to the calculation of the project quantity, must be based on the budget quota.

(3) Approved construction organization design or construction plan

The construction organization design or construction plan is an important document in building construction, which clearly stipulates the construction method, materials, processing and stacking location of components. These data directly affect the calculation of quantities and the application of the estimated unit price.

(4) Regional fee standard (or indirect fee quota) and relevant dynamic price adjustment documents. Calculated according to the local rate and relevant documents.

(5) The contract (or agreement) and bidding documents of the project

(6) The latest market materials** are an important basis for spread adjustment

(7) Budget work manual

The budget workbook is a manual that compiles commonly used data, calculation formulas and coefficients into a manual for easy reference, which can speed up the calculation of engineering quantities.

(8) The proposed project budget estimate document approved by the relevant departments.

Related Notes:

The engineering valuation course is a national first-class undergraduate course with Feng Dongmei as the course leader and Liaoning Technical University as the main construction unit.

On November 24, 2020, the program was recognized by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China as the "first batch of national first-class undergraduate courses".

Engineering is an application of science and mathematics through which the properties of matter and energy in nature can be made efficient, reliable and useful to human beings in the shortest time and with the least amount of manpower and material resources through various structures, machines, products, systems and processes. A general term for the disciplines formed by applying the theories of the natural sciences to specific industrial and agricultural production sectors.

Engineering valuation refers to the estimation, speculation and judgment made by engineering appraisers in the process of the project, according to the purpose of valuation, following the principle of valuation, in accordance with the valuation procedure, using scientific valuation methods, and combining with valuation experience.

Project valuation"The term originated in foreign countries, and in foreign capital construction procedures, the feasibility study stage, the schematic design stage, the basic design stage, the detailed design stage and the bidding stage are called the calculation system for the investment in construction projects"Project valuation'However, the level of detail and accuracy varies from stage to stage.

Due to the characteristics of single-piece, uniqueness, fixity and large volume of building products, in order to accurately and reasonably value building products, they are often valued according to the division combination of the project.

What is the correlation and difference between project cost, project cost management, and project cost consulting.

First, the concept of different engineering cost consulting is to accept the entrustment of the society, to undertake the whole process of project construction and grand design, is a dynamic cost management, such as project budget estimates, project bidding bids, project settlement, the preparation and review of the bidding report, the supervision and control of the project cost and the provision of information about the project cost and other services. Engineering consulting refers to the principle of science, impartiality and independence, the integration of existing science and technology and other aspects of knowledge and experience, for some engineering construction projects to provide consulting activities of intellectual services, the main docking is the first department and other types of customers, engineering consulting services generally include the construction stage of consulting, survey and design stage consulting, pre-project stage consulting and other work. Second, the business scope of different project cost consulting:

Preparation and review of project reports, preparation and review of budget estimates for construction projects, planning and final verification of construction project contract payments. Engineering consulting: The business scope is very wide, mainly including planning consulting, project consulting, evaluation consulting, whole-process engineering consulting, etc.