What kind of form does the tire work?

Tires are ring-shaped elastic rubber products that are grounded and rolled on various vehicles or machinery. It is usually installed on a metal rim, which can support the body, cushion external impacts, achieve contact with the road surface and ensure the driving performance of the vehicle. Tires are often used under complex and harsh conditions, and they bear various deformations, loads, forces, and high and low temperatures when driving, so they must have high load-bearing performance, traction performance, and cushioning performance.

At the same time, high abrasion resistance and flexural resistance, as well as low rolling resistance and heat generation are required. Half of the world's rubber consumption is used in tire production, which shows the ability of tires to consume rubber. Tires are one of the most important components of a car, and its main functions are:

1. Support the full weight of the vehicle, bear the load of the car, and transmit the force and torque in other directions; 2. Transmit the torque of traction and braking to ensure good adhesion between the wheels and the road surface, so as to improve the dynamics, braking and passability of the car; Together with the automobile suspension, it mitigates the impact of the car when driving, and attenuates the resulting vibration; 3. Prevent auto parts from severe vibration and early damage, adapt to the high-speed performance of the vehicle and reduce the noise during driving, and ensure the safety, handling stability, comfort and energy-saving economy of driving.

I know that you said that the country or the world, for the development direction of the car should be the direction of new energy, no matter how or need tires, and with the upgrading of technology, the technical content of tires is getting higher and higher, and the technical research on improving performance, reducing noise, wear resistance, comfort and riot resistance is becoming more and more mature.

Domestically, the core technology of tire production is all in the hands of foreigners, and the advantages of domestic tires are not.

The structure of the tire is composed of tread, sidewall, shoulder, nylon crown and belt layer, steel wire belt layer, cord layer and air inner lining. Tires are the direct medium responsible for transporting engine power to the road surface, so if a car lacks high-performance tires, no amount of power can be converted into speed. It is for this reason that tyres, along with chassis, aerodynamics and engine, are the four major factors that determine the performance of a car.

The structural composition of the tire is as follows:

1. Tread: The part of the tire that is in the closest contact with the ground determines the performance of the tire (grip performance, drainage performance and silent performance) through the unique pattern design and material formula.

2. Sidewall: the most fragile part of the tire appearance, which plays the function of tire support and shock absorption. However, if there is a rupture, it must be replaced in time, otherwise there are certain safety hazards.

3. Shoulder: The part connecting the tread and the wall, through the unique shoulder design, determines the handling performance of the whole vehicle. Especially in extreme cornering, a good shoulder design can withstand greater deformation.

4. Nylon crown layer: the part connecting the tread and the steel wire belt layer is mainly to fix the steel wire belt layer and avoid serious displacement of the belt layer.

5. Steel wire belt layer: the part located on the top of the cord layer, as its name suggests, is very important to the rigidity of the tire, which only affects the handling performance of the tire, and will also be related to the service life of the tire.

6. Cord layer: the most important stress structure inside the tire, which can not only provide the necessary strength of the tire, but also protect the internal structure of the tire even if it is violently impacted, and also bear the internal air pressure of the tire, providing excellent stability.

7. Inner liners: The main function is to prevent the leakage of compressed gas, so as to ensure that there is sufficient gas inside the tire. (Photo by Li Linwei) @2019

Usually a car tire consists of four parts: the crown, the shoulder, the wall, and the lip.

The structure of the tire crown (commonly known as the tread) is: (polyester) carcass layer + steel wire belt (covering) layer + polyamide) covering (protective) layer.

Tires can be divided into bias tires (ordinary tires) and radial tires (wire tires) in terms of structural form.

Diagonal tires can be simply called nylon tires. This concept is relative to radial tires, the so-called wire tires. The cords of bias tires are arranged in diagonal crossings, hence the name.

The outer tire is made up of a carcass, a cushion layer (or belt), a tread, a sidewall and a bead. The outer tire section can be divided into several separate areas: crown area, shoulder area (tread ramp), flexion area (sidewall area), strengthening area and bead area.

2. Bead: The part of the tire installed on the rim is composed of bead core cord layer edging and bead wrapping. It can withstand the tension caused by internal pressure, and at the same time can overcome the lateral forces of the tire during cornering, so that the outer tire does not come out of the rim.

Therefore, it must have a high strength structure, which should be tight and strong, and not easy to deform.

Trucks generally use flat wheels.

There are 7 types of domestic wheel profiles, 1Deep groove rims: code DC;

2.Deep groove wide rims: code WDC;

3.Semi-deep groove rims: code SDC;

4.Flat bottom wheel net: code FB;

5.Flat bottom wide rims: code WFB;

6.Full slope bottom rims: code TB;

7.Split wheel net: code DT.

The wheel is mainly composed of rims, discs, hubs, hub bearings and other components. The hub is an important part connecting the brake drum, the spoke disc and the half-shaft flange, the spoke disc is used to connect the hub and the rim, and the rim is used to fix the tire. The disc and the wheel mesh are fixed into one by welding or riveting; The spoke disc is machined with bolt holes, which are connected to the hub with a nut with a spherical protrusion at the end, so that the center and the wheel are interchangeable during installation.

Heavy-duty vehicles generally have several large holes in the discs to reduce mass, while making it easier to inflate tires and dissipate heat from the brake drums.

A tire consists of four parts: crown, shoulder, wall, and lip.

Pneumatic tires are generally composed of an outer tire, an inner tube and a cushion belt, while an outer tire is mainly composed of a crown, shoulder, sidewall and bead.

This type of tire mainly consists of an outer tire, an inner tube, and a pad belt. The inner tube is filled with compressed air, and the outer tube is used to protect the inner tube from damage and has a certain elasticity; The pad strap is placed under the inner tube to prevent damage from hard contact between the inner tube and the rim.

This kind of tire is similar to ordinary tires in appearance, but there are several concentric annular grooves on the outside of the bead, which can make the bead adhere to the rim edge under the action of air pressure in the tire, so that it can ensure good air tightness with the rim.

The characteristics of ordinary bias tires are that the adjacent layers of cord layer and buffer layer are crossed by cord layer, and each layer of cord is at an angle of 350 400 with the center line of the tire crown, so it is called bias tire. Between the ply layer and the tread is a cushion layer.

The cord of this kind of tire is arranged at an angle of 90° or close to 90° with the center line of the tread, and the cord is distributed like the meridian of the earth, so it is called a radial tire. Between the ply layer and the tread is a belt layer. The angle between the cord and the tread centerline in the belt layer is 10° 20°

Tire patterns are mainly divided into ordinary patterns, off-road patterns and mixed patterns. The ordinary pattern (see Figures A and B) is thin and shallow, suitable for good hard pavement. The recess of the off-road pattern (see Figures D and E) is deep and thick, with good adhesion to the ground on soft pavement, strong off-road ability, and is suitable for mines, construction sites and other ground conditions.

The mixed pattern as shown in Figure (c) is between the ordinary pattern and the off-road pattern, with a diamond-shaped, longitudinal zigzag or pipe-shaped pattern in the middle, and a horizontal off-road pattern on both sides, which is suitable for cars driving on the road between the city and the countryside.

Tires are an important part of the driving system of automobiles.

Tubeless pneumatic tires have become more widely used in cars and some trucks in recent years, so the discussion here is basically about the most commonly used tubeless tires, commonly known as tubeless.

The structure of the tire is divided into three parts: carcass, cord, and outer tread.

The carcass is softer, the outer tread is more rigid, the cord in the middle plays a role in strengthening the strength and shaping of the carcass, and more metal wires are added to improve the elastic performance of the tire.

Car tires are broadly divided into radial tires and slash tires. The cords of slash tires are arranged in slash lines, hence the name. The carcass forms the basic skeleton of the tire, and the softness from the outer tread to the sidewall is consistent.

Although the noise of slash tires is small, the outer tread is soft, the ride comfort is good at low speeds, and it is cheap, but its comprehensive performance is not as good as radial tires, automobile manufacturers are based on radial tires as the premise of developing new cars, with the continuous improvement of radial tires, slash tires will be basically eliminated.

The cord layer of radial tires is equivalent to the basic skeleton of tires, and its arrangement direction is consistent with the radial section of tires, because the tires have to bear greater tangential force when driving, in order to ensure the stability of the cord, there are several layers of belt layer (also known as hoop tightening layer) made of high-strength and non-stretching materials on the outside, and the cord direction is at a large intersection angle (70-75 degrees) with the radial section, and the materials are mostly high-strength materials such as glass fiber, polyamide fiber or steel wire, which play the role of fixing the cord. At the same time, the harness of the tread is improved by using a belt. The rigidity of the side of the tire is less than the rigidity of the tread, so the side of the tire is deformed due to the lateral force of the ground when cornering, so as to ensure that the contact area of the outer tread remains basically unchanged.

Compared with ordinary slash tires, radial tires have large elasticity, good wear resistance, low rolling resistance, good adhesion performance, good cushioning performance, large bearing capacity, and are not easy to puncture; The disadvantage is that the sidewall is easy to crack, due to the large lateral deformation, resulting in slightly poor lateral stability of the car, high manufacturing technical requirements and high cost.

What tires are there:1. Tires can be divided into tubeless tires and tubeless tires according to their composition:

Some pneumatic tires don't have tubeless tires, so they are called tubeless pneumatic tires. The air body is pressed directly into the carcass through the valve, so it is required that the seal between the rim and the carcass is good. Tubeless tires are similar in appearance to regular tires.

The difference is that the inner wall of the outer tire of tubeless tires is covered with a rubber seal with a thickness of about 2 3 mm. 2.According to the section, it can be divided into narrow-based tires, wide-based tires, ordinary section tires, low-section tires and ultra-low-section tires.

3- According to the tread pattern, it can be divided into ordinary tread pattern tires, off-road tread pattern tires and mixed mountain tread pattern tires: ordinary tread patterns are thin and shallow, suitable for better hard road surfaces. The off-road pattern is deep and thick, with good adhesion to the ground on soft roads and strong off-road ability.

4- According to air pressure, it can be divided into high-pressure tires, low-pressure tires and ultra-low-pressure tires. 5- According to the structure classification, it is mainly divided into bias tires and radial tires: the common bias tires are characterized by the cross and noisy arrangement of adjacent layers of the cord layer and the buffer layer, so they are called bias tires.

There is a cushioning layer between the ply layer and the tread in the cavity.

Millions of car purchase subsidies.