The conditions and significance of the opening of new shipping routes, and the reasons and condition

The opening of the new apostle is another feat in the history of human navigation after Zheng He's voyage. It has brought the continents of the world closer together, gradually united the world, and has had a major impact on the development of Europe and the world.

The reasons for the opening of new shipping routes include economic, social and commercial causes, as well as religious factors. Conditions include:

the development of productive forces; the advancement of knowledge and the development of science and technology; the support of the royal family; The impact of the opening of new shipping routes: first, it caused a "commercial revolution" and a "** revolution" in Europe, which promoted the disintegration of feudalism and the growth of capitalism in Western Europe; second, the European colonizers began to plunder the colonies; Third, the circumnavigation of the world successfully proved the correctness of the theory of the circle of the earth; Fourth, the opening up of air routes from Europe to Africa or South America to Asia has broken the relative isolation of all countries in the world and created conditions for the formation of the world market. The commodity economy of Western Europe has developed vigorously, shipbuilding technology and navigation technology have been further developed, and the theory of the circle of the earth has been accepted by more and more people 1. Economic roots:

After the 15th century, the development of commodity economy and the emergence of capitalism in Western European countries. (The development of the commodity economy requires the expansion of the external market, which is the internal motivation for the opening of new shipping routes) 2. Social roots: the demand for ** and money by European merchants and the emerging bourgeoisie.

The "gold rush" caused by the circulation of Marco Polo's Travels in Europe is its social roots. 3. Direct cause: business crisis.

It was caused by the Venetians' monopoly of Eurasia** and the Ottoman Empire's control of the trade routes between the East and the West. Significance The impact of the opening of new shipping routes, combined with modern world history and ancient Chinese history, can be analysed in terms of Europe, Africa, the Americas, Asia, and China. 1. The impact on Europe is the greatest in Europe, promoting European progress in four aspects: economy, politics, diplomacy, science and culture.

In the economy, it caused a commercial revolution, and the content of the commercial revolution was the surge in the number and variety of commodities, the second was the increase in trade routes, the third was the transfer of the center, and the fourth was the change of commercial overlords; The content of the revolution was a massive influx of special commodities such as precious metals into Europe, a decline in the value of gold and silver, a sharp rise in prices, and an acceleration of the primitive accumulation of capital. Politically, the bourgeoisie began to participate in or take power. The bourgeoisie, the new aristocracy, because of the wealth they possessed, began to demand political rights in order to make profits on a larger scale.

The opening of new shipping routes.

Also known as the Great Geographical Discovery.

or the Age of Exploration or the Age of Discovery, which ranges from the 5th century to the 17th century. The opening of new shipping routes enabled the world to move towards a whole, promoting the primitive accumulation of capital.

and the exchange and dissemination of species around the world.

1. Economic roots: After the 15th century, the development of the commodity economy in Western European countries required the expansion of foreign markets.

2. Commercial crisis: The control of the Eastern Mediterranean region after the establishment of the Ottoman Empire hindered the trade routes between the East and the West.

3. Social roots: Western European capitalism.

The budding led to an increase in the demand for currency, and many Europeans were eager to go to the East to realize their dreams.

Objective conditions: the development of the productive forces of Western Europe, the progress of nautical knowledge and the development of technology, opening up new routes.

The necessary conditions are prepared.

New shipping routes were opened between the 15th and 17th centuries. European fleets appeared on the seas of the world, looking for new routes and partners for the development of Europe's nascent capitalism.

With the opening of new shipping routes, cultural and first-class exchanges between the East and the West began to increase significantly, and colonialism and liberalism also began to appear. Europe's rapid development during this period laid the foundation for its prosperity over Asia. The discovery of new shipping routes has also had a long-term impact on the development of the world's continents hundreds of years later.

For countries and peoples outside Europe, the impact of the great geographical discoveries is complex and contradictory, in addition to the exchange of goods, the original inhabitants are often killed and occupied, which can be said to be a history of great invasions.

The positive significance of the opening of new shipping routes:1contributed to the development of capitalism and the commercial revolution in Western Europe; 2.

It opened the prelude to the colonial expansion and colonial plunder of modern Sibi; 3.The world gradually took shape as a whole. Negative Significance:

Forced colonization and colonial plunder have brought profound disasters to the people of Asia, Africa and Latin America, with the loss of a large amount of wealth, the plundering of resources, the plundering of population, and the plundering of people. The significance of the opening of new shipping routes has both positive and negative aspects. Positive significance:

1.contributed to the development of capitalism and the commercial revolution in Western Europe; 2.It opened the prelude to modern colonial expansion and colonial plunder; 3.

The world gradually took shape as a whole. Negative significance: Forced colonization and colonial plundering have brought profound consequences to the peoples of Asia, Africa and Latin America.

Disasters, the loss of a lot of wealth, the plundering of resources, the plundering of populations, the plundering of people, and the frequent exchanges have also brought regional diseases to the world. The opening of the new shipping route refers to the primitive accumulation of money and capital required by the rapid development of the commodity economy in Europe from the 15th century onwards, coupled with the Ottoman Empire's control of the road passage between Asia and Europe, which led to the movement of the emerging European bourgeoisie to China and India.

The impact of the opening of new shipping routes:

1) After the opening of new shipping routes, exchanges from Europe to Asia, the Americas and Africa became increasingly close, and the world began to be dismantled and connected as a whole.

2) The ** center of Europe has shifted from the Mediterranean coast to the Atlantic coast, which has promoted the emergence and development of capitalism.

3) Europe embarked on the road of colonial expansion, resulting in poverty and backwardness in Asian, African and Latin American countries and regions.

The meaning is; It connected the world as a whole, formed the Atlantic Triangle with European industrial countries as the core, caused the Feiqiao Yutuanzhou to lose thousands of working people, made the Americas become the production base of Europe, and laid the foundation for the initial formation of the world market.