What are the core proteins and surface antigen proteins of the virus

The core protein and surface antigen protein of the virus are all components of the virus body protein, and after they enter the human body, they will produce the body's immune response accordingly, some people will produce antibodies to obtain immunity to the disease, and some people will not produce antibodies, that is, they will become virus carriers or patients.

The five items of hepatitis B are called hepatitis B two halves, including hepatitis B surface antigen (represented by HBSAG), hepatitis B surface antibody (expressed by anti-HBS), E antigen (expressed by HBEAG), E antibody (expressed by anti-HBE), and core antibody (expressed by anti-HBC). The five tests for hepatitis B are to draw the patient's venous blood and test the serological markers of hepatitis B virus in the blood.

Surface antigen is the coat protein of the hepatitis B virus and is not infectious, but its presence is often accompanied by the presence of the hepatitis B virus, so its positive is a marker of hepatitis B virus infection. Serum transaminases are usually positive 2 to 6 months after infection, when they are still elevated. The vast majority of patients with acute hepatitis B can turn negative early in the course of the disease, but patients with chronic hepatitis B will remain positive.

Surface antibodies are immune and protective antibodies against the hepatitis B virus in the body, and are usually positive during the convalescent period. At the same time, the vast majority of people who received the hepatitis B vaccine were also positive.

E antigen is usually positive at the same time as surface antigen positivity after hepatitis B virus infection, or several days after infection. Positive E antibodies appear several months after the antigen turns negative. Core antibodies are usually detected in serum 3-5 weeks after the appearance of surface antigen and before the onset of hepatitis B symptoms.

1. HBSAG (hepatitis B surface antigen) It is the outer shell material of the hepatitis B virus and is not infectious. Its positive result often indicates the presence of intact viral particles.

2. Anti-HBS (hepatitis B surface antibody, HBSAB) It is an antibody that appears during the convalescence period of HBV natural infection, and HBSAG disappears naturally. Its presence suggests that people are resistant to hepatitis B and will not get hepatitis B again. Some people in our country have this antibody.

3. HBEAG (hepatitis B E antigen) It is produced inside the virus and can be secreted into the blood, and a positive E antigen indicates that the virus is active and is an indicator of infectivity.

4. Anti-HBE (hepatitis B E antibody, HBEAAB) is a protein substance produced by the human body against E antigen, and a positive result indicates that the infectivity of the virus has weakened and the disease has been in the recovery stage. However, another situation may be that the hepatitis B virus has mutated, and there is no HBEAG in the serum, but it can produce an anti-HBE, in which case it is necessary to check the HBV-DNA to determine whether the virus is still present.

5. Anti-HBC (hepatitis B core antibody, HBcab) This antibody is divided into two types: IgM and LGG: positive anti-HBC-IgM indicates viral activity and is infectious; A positive anti-HBC-IgG is suggestive of previous infection, is not infectious, and does not require antiviral**.

In addition, HBV-DNA is the genetic gene of the virus, which exists in the core part of the virus, and its positive and HBEAG positive meanings are basically the same. Therefore, the effectiveness of the currently recognized antiviral** is mainly based on the significant reduction in the negative transfection or quantification of HBEAG and HBV-DNA.

Categories: Social and People's Livelihood.

Problem description: The second half of the sentence says that the body is an antigen, and the protein bacteria in vitro in the first half of the sentence are antigens or the body is an antigen?

Analysis: Antigens are molecules that are perceived by the immune system as allogeneic and therefore cause an immune response.

The most common antigen molecule is a long protein. Generally, antigen molecules float on the cell membranes of microorganisms that invade the body. Once the antigen is discovered, the body increases the production of antibodies, the cells of the immune system proliferate, and the body initiates an immune response to fight off the invader.

Human cell membranes also have antigen molecules on them. Antigen molecules are different from person to person, so transplanting one person's blood or organs into another person tends to cause an immune response. Therefore, blood transfusions or organ transplants must be preceded by tests to see if there is an immune response.

Sometimes the immune system has to be suppressed.

Antigens are also the cause of allergies.

a. The chemical essence of antibodies is proteins, and certain antibodies can resist certain antigens, which reflects the function of proteins to be immune, and a is wrong;

b. Most of the enzymes with catalytic effect are proteins, which reflects the catalytic function of proteins, and a few enzymes are RNA, B is wrong;

c. The chemical essence of insulin is protein, which can reduce blood sugar concentration, which reflects the regulatory function of protein, and C is correct;

d. The chemical essence of hemoglobin is protein, which has the function of transporting oxygen, which reflects the function of transporting protein

Therefore, c

Problem analysis: Hello, hepatitis B two and a half pairs of hepatitis B virus surface antigen positive and hepatitis B virus core antibody positive, belong to hepatitis B small two yang, if the liver function is normal, belong to hepatitis B carriers do not need **, if the liver function is abnormal, it belongs to the hepatitis B key refers to the liver patients are needed**.

Suggestions: It is recommended to check liver function, hepatitis B virus DNA, and liver color ultrasound to comprehensively evaluate whether there is liver inflammation, and if there is any, timely antiviral**, and anti-inflammatory liver protection**. Pay attention to the physical examination every six months.