How the various parts of the pump work 5

A water pump is a machine that conveys and lifts liquids. It converts the mechanical energy of the prime mover into the energy of the liquid, so that the liquid gains kinetic energy and potential energy. According to the principle of action, water pumps can be divided into vane pumps, positive displacement pumps and other types of pumps.

The pressure delivery of liquid by vane type water pump is completed by the high-speed rotation of the impeller equipped with vanes, which includes centrifugal pumps, axial flow pumps, and mixed-flow pumps. The following focuses on the working principle of centrifugal water pumps.

Before the centrifugal pump starts, the pump body and suction pipe should be filled with water, including self-filling, pump casing top irrigation, vacuum pump suction and pressurized water pipe reflux. After the pump starts, the impeller rotates at high speed, and the centrifugal force is obtained under the drive of the impeller of the water pump, which flows into the impeller from the blade channel, and at the same time forms a vacuum at the impeller inlet of the pump, and the water of the suction pool rises along the suction pipe under the action of atmospheric pressure and flows into the impeller suction port and enters the vane groove. Since the impeller of the water pump rotates continuously, the pressurized water suction is continuous.

As the liquid passes through the impeller, the interaction of the blades with the liquid transfers the mechanical energy of the pump to the liquid, so that the liquid increases kinetic energy and pressure energy as it rotates with the impeller at high speed. On the one hand, the pump casing is used to collect the liquid thrown out by the impeller and guide it smoothly to the pressurized water pipe, and on the other hand, the flow velocity of the liquid gradually decreases when passing through the channel between the volute and the impeller, so as to achieve the purpose of converting a part of the kinetic energy into pressure energy.

The water pump is added with water first, which is called primary irrigation, impeller pumps, such as centrifugal pumps, vane pumps, etc., and primary irrigation has two purposes.

One is to create an enclosed space that brings self-suction, which is to allow the pump to suck the water up on its own.

The second is to prevent unnecessary wear and tear caused by the overheating of some parts such as mechanical shaft seals, bearings and other parts caused by excessive heat generated when the dry pump is started, and water can play a role in cooling.

But if it's not an impeller pump, it's a positive displacement pump, such as a gear pump, a screw pump, etc., which has its own self-priming, and the initial irrigation is only for the second point, to avoid overheating and wear.

It's a difficult question, though it's simple.

But this is the original principle basis for the design of the pump

To put it simply, the impeller must be filled with water, and after it rotates, the water on the outside of the impeller flow channel is thrown out, so the impeller suction port must suck in the corresponding water to supplement this part of the vacuum

If there is no water in the impeller, there will be no vacuum, and it will not be able to absorb water

The working principle of a water pump is to convert the power of the motor into the power of the liquid, which creates a flowing force that transports the liquid from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area.

Specifically, the main working parts of the water pump are the impeller, pump casing, and bearings. When the motor starts, the impeller begins to rotate, which draws the liquid into the pump casing. When the impeller rotates, the liquid is pushed towards the outlet of the pump casing due to the centrifugal force, and a flowing force is created.

In this process, the shape of the pump casing and the design of the impeller can increase the flow rate and pressure of the liquid, thus achieving the effect of liquid transfer.

At the same time, the pump also has some auxiliary parts, such as seals and pump shafts, etc., their role is to ensure that the liquid does not leak in the pump, and make the operation of the pump more stable and reliable.

In short, the water pump uses the power of the motor to transport the liquid from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area to realize the transportation of the liquid. During the movement of the liquid, centrifugal force and the design of the pump casing are used to increase the flow rate and pressure of the liquid, so as to achieve the conveying effect.

The working principle of water pumps with different driving principles is different, and the driving principles of common water pumps are:

Direct connection, gearing, fluid-coupling, multi-belt and coaxial.

How the centrifugal pump works:

The working principle of ordinary centrifugal pump is through the principle of centrifugal force, the pump and the inlet pipe are filled with water before starting, or the vacuum pump is used to pump air and start after the air is started, the working principle of the automatic water supply device of the ordinary centrifugal pump is to use the artificial well to directly discharge the air in the pump and the pump suction pipe, and through the check valve, gate valve and other facilities, the pump and the pump suction pipe are always filled with water, and can be started at any time.

How the magnetic pump works:

Magnetic transmission is characterized by magnetic force that can attract ferromagnetic substances and magnets or magnetic fields, and non-ferromagnetic substances do not affect or rarely affect the magnitude of magnetic force, and can be transmitted through the isolation sleeve without contact.

Magnetic transmission energy is divided into asynchronous motor and synchronous motor. Most magnetic centrifugal pumps use synchronous motors. The motor is connected to the outer magnet by means of an external coupling, while the impeller is connected to the inner magnet.

It is equipped with a fully sealed isolation sleeve between the inner magnet and the outer magnet, isolating all the internal and external magnets, and all the inner magnets have been in the medium, and the rotating shaft of the motor uses the suction of the magnetic poles between the magnets to directly drive the impeller to run together.

Asynchronous motors are driven by magnetism, also known as torsion ring magnetism. The torque ring of the squirrel cage structure is used to replace the inner magnet, and the torque ring will rotate less than the speed under the attraction of the outer magnet. Because there is no internal magnet, the temperature of use is higher than that of synchronous drive.

The principle of the water pump is to transfer the mechanical energy of the prime mover or other external energy to the liquid, so that the liquid energy increases. A water pump is a machine that transports or pressurizes a liquid. It is mainly used to transport liquids including water, oil, acid and alkali, emulsion, suspension emulsion and liquid metal.

The working principle of the water pump: the pump transmits the mechanical energy of the prime mover or other external energy to the liquid, so that the liquid energy increases.

The purpose of the pump: it is mainly used to transport liquids such as water, oil, acid and alkali, emulsion, suspension emulsion and liquid metal, and can also convey liquid, gas mixture and liquid containing suspended solids.

Classification of pumps: Generally, they can be divided into three categories: positive displacement pumps, power pumps and other types of pumps according to their working principles. In addition to classifying by working principle, it can also be classified and named in other ways.

For example, according to the drive method, it can be divided into electric pump and water wheel pump. According to the structure, it can be divided into single-stage pump and multi-stage pump. According to the use, it can be divided into boiler feed pump and metering pump.

According to the nature of the conveyed liquid, it can be divided into water pump, oil pump and mud pump.

The principle of water pumping is to use the impeller installed on the pump shaft to rotate at high speed, and the interaction between the blades and the conveyed liquid generates force, so that the liquid can obtain energy to achieve the purpose of transporting liquid.

According to the working principle of the impeller, vane pumps are divided into three basic types: centrifugal pumps, axial flow pumps and mixed-flow pumps. Centrifugal pumps are often used for horizontal pumps, and axial and mixed-flow pumps are often used for vertical pumps.

Centrifugal pump because the impeller is constantly rotating in the pump casing filled with water, the water between the blades on the impeller is centrifugal by the action of centrifugal force, rushes to the casing at a certain speed and pressure, and flows into the outlet pipeline of the pump through the flow channel in the casing.

At the same time, a vacuum is formed in the center of the impeller, and the water in the suction pipeline flows into the center of the impeller under the action of atmospheric pressure to fill this vacuum area; The water flowing into the center of the impeller is subjected to centrifugal force and flows into the outlet line of the pump through the housing. In this way, as long as the suction line can maintain the replenishment of water and the impeller keeps rotating, the process of continuous water transfer of the water pump is completed.