What are the subtleties of the talent selection system in the Ming Dynasty, so that in the 276 years

During the Ming Dynasty, a special imperial examination system was set up. Truth be told, the Ming Dynasty made a huge reform of the imperial examination a long time ago, and it not only pioneered the system at that time. Later, by the time of the late Ming Dynasty, those systems had already undergone great changes.

There are many exams in this system, and once you pass this exam, then those who have passed the exam will definitely have the opportunity to be reused. Compared to the probation system, this system is suitable for everyone to participate in the election.

The reason why it is used is because this system can protect privacy, and just like modern times, the name or something will definitely not be seen by outsiders, in other words, it is impossible to be in a position because of the relationshipTo put it bluntly, as long as this person is a talent, then it will be selected as a matter of course。It was because of this system that the Ming Dynasty produced so many wise men to govern the country.

As for the backwardness of the Han Dynasty, there is also a system of inspection, in fact, this is unstable, and there must be people with connections who can become officials in the back. Among them, some people can ask the emperor's mother to be crowned an official, and this official is called a relative. There were actually a lot of relatives in the Han Dynasty.

So what makes people awe-inspiring is a relative, who can not only be an official, but also let his descendants be officials and manage this position. On the contraryThe system of the Ming Dynasty just happened not to make the same mistakes. It's because this system is monitored, and relatives can't join in to interfere with their affairs.

Additional relatives, even if there are relatives working outside, he can't change this rule, the rules are decided by people at the upper level, so the system of the Ming Dynasty is very good.

Because their system in this area is relatively perfect and mature, and they attach more importance to their talents, they do not have relatives to mess with politics.

It was the Ming Dynasty that used the imperial examination system, which was fair and just, and the examination was wide, which really allowed many talented people to enter the imperial court as officials and help the imperial court.

During the Ming Dynasty, the imperial examination system has been comprehensively improved. This system allows for the selection of real talents through examinations. Compared with the probation system, this system is much fairer.

The Ming Dynasty adopted the imperial examination system to select talents, because the imperial examination system was to select talents through examinations, which was relatively fairer, like the current college entrance examination.

I think the main advantage is that it has its own method, so it's still difficult for many people to contend with.

The Ming Dynasty selected talents using the imperial examination system, and generally people with real talent and real learning could become officials, so there was no chaos among foreign relatives.

It should be more humane and powerful than Wu Zetian, so that it can do so well.

The imperial examination system of the Ming Dynasty was reformed, that is, basically the questions and evaluations were improved, which required candidates to have a higher level and ability.

The main thing is the imperial examination system.

The Ming Dynasty followed the imperial examination system since the Sui and Tang dynasties, and Zhu Yuanzhang was born in 1367 AD.

The imperial examination was opened, and there were two civil and military examinations.

Section. According to the regulations of the time, it was stipulated that all those who should be given articles should be judged by examining their words and deeds; pass examinations to understand their knowledge; Through the assessment of the book and arithmetic, to understand their actual ability; Through the assessment of economic history and current policies, in order to understand their political ability. Those who should be martial arts should try to strategy first, and use martial arts to try second, but seek practical results, not empty words.

The main content of the exam is the eight-strand text.

Therefore, it is also called the Eight Shares of Scholars. If you become a jinshi, you have the qualifications to be an official. Usually the first champion is awarded to the Hanlin Academy.

Revision, Bangyan, Tanhua and Hanlin Academy are all six officials. The second class is awarded the position of the seventh grade, and the third grade is awarded the position of the eighth grade. The second and third class jinshi were selected as Shu Jishi.

The official of the Hanlin Academy, and the other or the six departments are awarded to the middle of the matter, the supervision of the imperial history, the directors of the ministries, the scholars of the Zhongshu, the pedestrian department and other Beijing officials and the government officials, the governors, the counties and other local officials.

In addition to the imperial examinations, there is also a system called the Shujishi system. The Shu Ji Shi system is a system set up by the Ming Dynasty in order to select and train high-level **, and has been perfected in the continuous development. Shu Jishi, in fact, is a synonym for a certain kind of jinshi, which refers to the jinshi who watched the government in certain imperial court departments, and these jinshi mainly studied in the Hanlin Academy and other departments.

And these Jinshi who studied were important training objects for the Ming Dynasty. Most of the people in the cabinet of the Ming Dynasty were in the Ji Shi system.

1. The policy of strict prohibition in the early Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang's foreign policy has two basic principles: one is to strive to create good-neighborly and friendly relations under the tributary system characterized by "thick exchanges and thin exchanges", and the other is to strictly prohibit the freedom of Chinese and foreign businessmen.

2. Yongle was opened to the outside world for a short time.

3. The period of slight relaxation in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.

After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the survival pressure of the residents of the southeast coast continued to increase, and the number of people who violated the ban or even went to the sea with arms increased.

The inland ethnic minorities inherited the tradition of the Han regime in the past, and the princes were healthy and had little power.

On the ocean, due to the collusion between many mainland lawless elements and the Japanese pirates, the coastal defense is in danger. Therefore, the fact that the board does not go into the water is also one of the important reasons why China has begun to lag behind the world.

The following are the changes in the Ming Dynasty's system of electing officials. 1.Reform the change in the form of examinations, through the establishment of different levels of examinations to select **, and the introduction of a number of new subjects to adapt to the needs of social change and development.

2.The Ming Dynasty also tried to strengthen the fairness of its own system of electing officials by reducing hereditary lines, and encouraged scholars to participate in officialdom. However, these changes also have harmful.

First, changes in the imperial examination system led to an overemphasis on cultural learning, which led to the neglect of political ability and practical experience. This may lead to the lack of decision-making and execution capabilities of some ** in actual governance, which affects **. Second, the Ming Dynasty's official selection system gradually evolved into a highly competitive test-taking system, which promoted fame and fortune, which made scholars overly pursue examination results and not pay attention to practical talent and service spirit.

This has led to the emergence of some corrupt practices, such as bribery and exam cheating. In addition, the changes in the Ming Dynasty's system of electing officials also caused the solidification of social classes, hindering social mobility, and making it difficult for rulers to truly discover and select truly talented talents. Here are the harms of these changes:

To a certain extent, the changes in the election system of the Ming Dynasty brought harm to the governance of the Ming Dynasty and the stability of society. Chief among them is the overemphasis on test scores, which leads to a mismatch of abilities and the emergence of many corrupt phenomena. These problems not only affect the efficiency and fairness of the society, but also hinder the progress and development of society.

1 The Ming Dynasty continued to use the imperial examination system for selection**, but the content and form of the imperial examination have changed. ** It is stipulated that the imperial examination is only allowed to be asked within the scope of the Four Books and Five Classics, and the candidates cannot have personal opinions, and the style is rigidly opened to answer according to the "Eight Strands".

2 The imperial examination system of the Ming Dynasty shackled people's minds, stifled people's ingenuity, and caused great harm. For the pilot readers, they immerse themselves in studying the scriptures, delve into the eight stocks, and do not pay attention to practical knowledge; After being admitted to the examination, most of them became loyal servants of the emperor.

In the early Ming Dynasty, the province of Zhongshu was set up, the prime minister was placed, the hundred officials were commanded, and the prime minister was in government affairs. The Metropolitan Governor's Office is in charge of the military, and the Metropolitan Procuratorate and Dali Temple are in charge of picketing and criminal law. In 1380 (the thirteenth year of Hongwu), after Zhu Yuanzhang killed the prime minister Hu Weiyong, he abolished Zhongshu Province and no longer placed the prime minister, but sorted out the national government affairs and military affairs with six ministries, including officials, households, rites, soldiers, criminals, and workers.

If there is a war, it will be requisitioned by the military department and sent a general to lead the battle; After the deed was completed, the generals were imprinted in the court, and the officers and soldiers were scattered to their own guards. Judicially, the Metropolitan Procuratorate is impeached, the Criminal Department is in charge of the prison, and the Dali Temple is in charge of the review. If there is a large prison, it will be tried and dealt with jointly by the three legal divisions.

In this way, the administrative, military, and judicial rights of the imperial court were divided and subordinated to several independent organs in order to check each other and prevent autocracy. These institutions are directly responsible to the emperor, and major events must be reported to the emperor for approval before they can be implemented.