What kind of machinery is generally used to dig tunnels? How much is a tunnel boring machine?

The professional name is shield machine.

In 1997, China introduced two shield machines from Germany for the first time for excavating the Qinling Tunnel of the Xikang Railway.

At that time, the price of an imported shield machine was as high as 300 million yuan, and until 2008, China's shield machine was heavily dependent on imports. The foreign party has a monopoly on the technology, and the Chinese side is not allowed to participate in the maintenance process, and the man-hours required for maintenance also depend entirely on the foreign party, which seriously affects the progress of the Chinese project.

In order to get rid of the dilemma, in August 2002, "China Railway Equipment" set up a research and development team composed of 18 people. After six years of technical research, China's first composite shield machine with independent intellectual property rights was successfully rolled off the assembly line in 2008 and applied to Tianjin Metro for the first time.

The project has realized the transformation from "using shields to building shields".

Excavators are generally used to dig small tunnels! The excavated earthwork is shoveled up and pulled away with a loader! In this way, the equipment is small and the investment threshold is low!

If you are building a subway or a railway, the speed with an excavator is too slow! China Railway Group generally uses a large shield machine, which is a giant machine! With the shield machine, you only need to measure the direction and only push forward!

Earthwork is like a harvester, collected and pulled from behind the machine! This kind of tall equipment is relatively expensive, and ordinary private enterprises can't afford it! It's all used by state-owned enterprises!

The traditional tool for digging tunnels is the tunnel excavator, which is equipped with a tool for crushing rock, using the method of mechanical rock crushing to excavate the tunnel, and conveying the broken gravel out of the machine, a kind of excavation machinery that excavates at the gate and continues to excavate!

I think that the excavator is generally used, because the soil in the tunnel is very mixed, and their hardness is very hard, so only the excavator can dredge the road in the tunnel, and I have also seen the way to wash the soil of the tunnel with water.

Wow, the tunnel depends on what kind of tunnel, if it is very large, such as the subway tunnel is a special mechanical equipment called shield boring machine, at the top of the machine is equipped with a very sharp, impact-resistant tungsten steel blade, with a certain spiral angle in the rotation movement, so as to drive the soil into the conveyor belt, and then transport out of the tunnel, if it is a small tunnel, there is a small excavator can be easily completed, and then add certain supporting facilities, you can quickly dig out the required tunnel.

When digging a tunnel, the machine used is usually an excavator, and in some places it may also be a TBM, because the soil in the tunnel is very solid and there are a lot of stones. At this time, only by using an excavator or a roadheader can the road in the tunnel be slowly dredged.

Tunneling is generally used shield tunnel boring machine, also called shield machine, is a kind of special construction machinery for tunnel boring, this machine is automated, the construction speed is fast, and it is not affected by the climate and soil, now this shield boring machine has been widely used in subway, railway, highway and other tunnel engineering.

This should be a shovel, because when I listened to Guo Degang's cross talk, Guo Degang said that Yu Qian and his father were each holding a shovel, one standing on the east coast of the United States, and the other on the west coast, and began to dig tunnels.

Two people dug through and met each other to count one tunnel, and if they dug through two tunnels respectively, the Americans gave Yu Qian and his son money for the two tunnels.

There are no wonders in the world, maybe what Guo Degang said is true.

Shield TBMs in soft ground are now also available in hard ground.

Small excavators, large ones can't get into the tunnel, so excavators like this are more suitable.

Forklifts can also be used, rock drills, air compressors, and trucks to pull the excavated soil away.

Ventilator: This is a necessary equipment for excavating tunnels, and ensuring dry ventilation in the tunnel is a necessary condition to ensure safety. Shield machine:

A shield is a type of tunnel boring machine that uses the shield method. The shield is constructed at the same time as the TBM is excavating. Shuttle minecart:

This is the transport equipment that is used to transport stones.

Tunneling tunneling about 40 million units.

The modern shield boring machine integrates light, machinery, electricity, hydraulics, sensing and information technology, and has the functions of excavating and cutting soil, conveying ballast, assembling tunnel lining, and measuring and guiding deviation correction.

It involves geology, civil engineering, machinery, mechanics, hydraulics, electrical, control, surveying and other disciplines, and it is necessary to carry out "tailor-made" design and manufacturing according to different geology, and the reliability requirements are extremely high.

The tunnel boring machine is a comprehensive equipment that uses machinery to crush rock, remove ballast and support for continuous operation. According to the cutting process of the roadheader on the working face, it is divided into full-section roadheader and part-section roadheader. According to the different principles of rock crushing, it can be divided into rolling (disc cutter) roadheader and milling roadheader.

Most of the Chinese products are rolling full-section TBMs, which are suitable for medium to hard rock. Milling TBMs are suitable for use in coal seams and soft rock. Under the axial pressure of the propulsion cylinder, the electric motor drives the disc cutter to rotate, cutting and crushing the rock, and there is a bucket of spoons around it, which is unloaded onto the conveyor belt as it rotates.

Hard rock does not need to be supported, and soft rock can be sprayed, poured concrete or prefabricated blocks can be assembled. The machine is used when the lithology is uniform and the roadway exceeds a certain length, which is economical and reasonable.

The two TBMs (tunnel boring machines) produced in Germany with a unit price of up to 93 million US dollars were introduced for the first time in Pakistan and implemented for the first time by Gezhouba Group.

Power? Tonnage? Factory? Please provide completely.

The machine that digs the tunnel is a tunnel boring machine. Tunnel boring machines are divided into two categories: shield tunnel boring machines for soft ground, referred to as shield machines; A full-section hard rock tunnel boring machine for rock formations, referred to as a hard rock TBM (tunnel boring machine).

Tunnel boring machine is a new type of advanced tunnel construction machinery that uses rotary cutter to excavate, crush the surrounding rock in the tunnel and excavate at the same time to form the entire tunnel section. It is characterized by speed, safety, economy and high quality.

On December 27, 2014, China's first large-diameter full-section hard rock tunnel boring machine (open TBM) with independent intellectual property rights was successfully rolled off the assembly line in Changsha, Hunan. Its successful development has broken the long-term monopoly of foreign countries in this field and filled the gap in the development of large-diameter full-section hard rock tunnel boring machine in China.

The large-diameter full-section hard rock tunnel boring machine is often used in the construction of long hard rock tunnels, and is a complete set of tunneling equipment integrating excavation, support, slag removal and other functions; Because of its extremely high requirements for the reliability and long life of the equipment, it is known as the "aircraft carrier" and "king of roadheaders" of construction machinery. For more than a century, the core technology of the equipment has been monopolized by foreign countries, and all domestic TBMs rely on imports.

In order to achieve a breakthrough in equipment manufacturing technology, China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group relies on the support of the national "863 Plan" project, combines experimental engineering geological conditions to carry out key technology research and scientific and technological research, breaks through the core technologies such as multi-system coordination technology of TBM diameter, high power and variable load, and successfully develops the first domestic large-diameter full-section hard rock tunnel boring machine (open TBM) that has reached the international advanced level.