What are the different types of electronically controlled engines? What are the contents of the elec

The biggest difference between an electronically controlled engine and a carburetor engine is the fuel supply system. The fuel supply system of the electronically controlled engine has eliminated the carburetor, but a number of electronic automatic control devices have been added. These include many sensors, actuators, and ECUs.

Electronically controlled engines have to do not only what carburetors do, but also what carburetors can't do. For example, the specific concentration of air-fuel in a combustible mixture can be controlled within the required range. The oil circuit and circuit of the carburetor engine are very clearly divided and do not affect each other much.

The electronically controlled engine fuel supply system increases the electronic control part, which makes the oil circuit and circuit interconnected, which not only affects the work of the engine fuel system, but also affects the normal operation of the engine. Due to the increase in electronic control devices for electronically controlled engines, this makes the entire structure of the engine, including the electronic control system, more complex.

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Structural composition. How it works.

Parameters to be measured. Merit.

Basic idea. In the initial stage, the function of the system is realized by replacing the mechanical control technology with electronic technology, and its function is expanded, so that the performance is greatly improved; After the development to a certain extent, electronic technology can promote the essential change of the system principle, so that the limitations can be broken through, so that the engine performance can be greatly improved.

Electronically controlled engine.

Structural composition. Electronic control unit.

The electronic control unit (ECU) is the heart of the engine's electronic control system. It completes the collection of various parameters of the engine, the control of fuel injection volume and fuel injection timing, and determines the function of the entire electronic control system.

Sensor. Sensors transmit information about engine conditions and environment to the ECU in real time and realistically through various signals.

In other words, what the ECU learns is just an engine made up of many signals. Therefore, the accuracy, reproducibility and immediacy of sensor information directly determine the quality of control.

Actuators. The various control functions to be completed by the electronic control system are realized by various actuators.

In the control process, the actuator converts the control signal from the ECU into a certain mechanical motion or electrical movement, thereby causing the change of engine operating parameters and completing the control function.

How it works. The engine speed and load are used as the basic signals reflecting the actual working conditions of the engine, and the basic fuel injection amount and fuel injection timing are determined with reference to the fuel injection amount and fuel injection timing spectrum corresponding to each working condition of the engine obtained by the test, and then various compensation is made according to various factors (such as water temperature, oil temperature, atmospheric pressure, etc.), so as to obtain the best fuel injection amount and fuel injection timing or ignition timing, and then control the output through the actuator.

Inlet jet. At present, the electronically controlled fuel injection system used in automobiles generally adopts this form. Fuel is injected in the intake pipe, and according to the number of injectors, it can be divided into single-point injection and multi-point injection.

Direct injection type in the cylinder. The injector is installed on the cylinder head, and the fuel is injected directly into the cylinder, and the gas flow in the cylinder forms a flammable mixture. Direct injection in the cylinder is easy to achieve stratified combustion and dilute gas mixed gas combustion, which can improve the engine power and economy, and improve its emission performance.

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The contents of the automotive engine electronic control system are as follows:

Electronically controlled ignition (ESA).

The device calculates and judges according to the engine parameters measured by the sensor, and then adjusts the ignition time, which can make the engine work at the best ignition advance angle under the conditions of different speeds and air intake, so that the engine outputs the maximum power and torque, reduces fuel consumption and emissions, saves fuel and reduces air pollution.

Electronically Controlled Fuel Injection (EFI).

According to the parameters such as air flow, intake air temperature, engine speed and working temperature measured by each sensor, the device compares and judges the oil supply control parameters under the best working conditions pre-stored in the memory according to the pre-programmed program, and adjusts the oil supply in a timely manner to ensure that the engine always works in the best state and makes it work under the condition of output a certain power.

Exhaust gas recirculation control (EGR).

The exhaust gas recirculation control system is currently an effective measure to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions in exhaust gas. The main actuator is a digitally controlled EGR valve, which independently controls the amount of exhaust gas recirculated to the engine.

Principles and trends of automotive engine electronic control system:

The engine electronic control system (EECS) is to make the engine work under the best working conditions through the electronic control of engine ignition, fuel injection, air to fuel ratio, exhaust emissions, etc., so as to improve the performance of the whole vehicle, save energy and reduce exhaust emissions.

Automotive electronic control technology has become an important symbol to measure the development level of modern automobiles. The automotive electronic control system has obviously developed in the direction of integration, intelligence and networking.

The electronic control system of the automobile engine includes an electronically controlled fuel system, an electronically controlled ignition system, and then an electronically controlled fuel injection system. As well as the diagnostic system of the electronically controlled sensor, as well as the execution system in the electronic control system. It is what we commonly call sensors, as well as actuators and modules, and the modules have systems and programs inside.

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The electronically controlled engine is controlled by the on-board computer to control the ignition, fuel injection, air and fuel ratio, exhaust emissions, etc., and use sensors, electronic controllers (ECUs), and drives to make the engine work under the best working conditions, so as to improve the performance of the whole vehicle, save energy, and reduce exhaust emissions.

Sent to you is mainly by the ECU also called the trip computer me. , sensors and actuators.

The electronically controlled engine consists of sensors, actuators, and ECUs.

The electronic control system is mainly composed of sensors, control units and actuators. The central component is the control unit.

1. Signal input device: a variety of sensors to collect the signals required by the control system, and convert them into electrical signals and transmit them to the ECU through the line.

2. Electronic control unit (ECU): provides a reference (reference) voltage for each sensor, receives the electrical signal input from the sensor or other device, and stores, calculates, analyzes, and processes the received signal before issuing instructions to the actuator.

3. Actuator: A device controlled by the ECU that performs a specific control function.

The electronically controlled gasoline injection system consists of the following three subsystems: the fuel** system, the air intake system, and the electronic control system. The fuel ** system consists of a gasoline tank, a fuel pump, a gasoline filter, a pressure regulator, a pulsation attenuator, an injector, an oil pipe, an oil return pipe, etc.

The air intake system consists of an air filter, a throttle valve, an air flow meter, an air intake chamber, an idle control valve, and an air intake control valve. The role of the fuel ** system and the air intake system is to mix the amount of fuel injected and the air intake as determined by the ECM ECU into a combustible mixture based on the throttle position (engine load) and engine speed, which enters the cylinder for combustion work. The electronic control system consists of several sensors that only detect various conditions of the engine, an ECU that determines the amount of fuel injected according to the sensor signal, and an injector that works according to the ECU instructions.

Its main function is to determine the best injection timing and injection duration according to different engine conditions.