The phenomenon of redundant officials in the Song Dynasty was serious, so why not reuse military gen

The Song Dynasty did not have the intrusion of war at that time, so many military generals could not be reused, and the king relied on the civil generals to govern the country, so the military generals could not be reused, and the civil officials were of a high status.

Because the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty was Zhao Kuangyin, because he came to power through a mutiny, he knew how terrible the generals were, so he released the military power with a glass of wine, sent the generals home, and has been emphasizing literature over military force ever since.

The Song Dynasty's reuse of civilian officials began at the beginning of the country, and it could not be changed for a while, and there were mostly Chinese officials in the dynasty, so when their interests were touched, they would huddle.

I think the reason why they didn't reuse military generals at that time was because of the wrong atmosphere in the Song Kingdom, so they didn't reuse military generals. They just liked Wen Jiang at that time.

Maybe it's because since the emperor, everyone has a special love for culture. There are even some places that prefer these literary arts to governing the country. Moreover, at that time, the culture was prosperous, and the economy was more prosperous than that of the Tang Dynasty, so they did not have any idea of changing the phenomenon.

The Tang and Song dynasties were relatively prosperous, and everyone knew that if the lives of the people were better, more time would be spent on learning culture, so emphasizing literature and ignoring military force was a very serious behavior, but it was difficult to change.

I think this has a lot to do with the performance of the superiors. It is precisely because "the upper beam is not right and the lower beam is crooked" that the whole country will pay so little attention to martial arts, and all of them will go to the road of official career.

As we all know, fighting a war cannot really solve the problem, and only by studying culture well and reusing civilian officials can a country truly prosper.

The Tang and Song dynasties were indeed more literary, and there were not many battles to be fought at that time, so the military attachés had no use for force. That's probably why.

The reason why it is so serious is mainly because they feel that culture is the most important thing, and they always do not pay attention to military generals, which will lead to the defeat of the Song Dynasty.

Because the rulers feared that once the military generals were too strong, they would pose a threat to the ruler's own rule, and in order to prevent this, the Song Dynasty had always emphasized literature over military force, hoping to consolidate its rule.

This question starts with Zhao Kuangyin, Taizu of the Song Dynasty, as we all know, Zhao Kuangyin is a general of the Later Zhou Dynasty, who pretended to be drunk on the way to the conquest and was added to the emperor by his subordinates in the yellow robe. Of course, after he became the emperor, he was afraid that such a situation would happen to him. Therefore, the Song Dynasty was different from other dynasties in terms of the ** system and army management.

In order to strengthen the centralization of power, in terms of politics, the positions that could have been held by one person have to be held by several people, thus dispersing the power of **, which leads to redundant officials.

The army was also afraid that its generals would replace them, but they could not dismantle the army, so they could only add the palace guards to contain some generals. Therefore, the number of guards in the palace of the Song Dynasty was several times that of the palace guards of all dynasties, which led to redundancy.

Redundant officials: In order to weaken the power of **, concentrate the ring and disperse the official power; Imperial Examination: The emperor arbitrarily bestowed favors on commoners.

Redundancy: negligent training; Guarding the inside and the outside; The pawns will be separated.

The starting point of the establishment of the national political system in the Song Dynasty was to prevent the phenomenon of separating feudal towns in the Tang Dynasty, so after the establishment of political power by Zhao Kuangyin, Taizu of the Song Dynasty, he began to carry out political reforms, which were mainly manifested in the internal decentralization of power and the external collection of power.

1.Internal decentralization, that is, the division of the prime minister's powers, the establishment of the governor's affairs, the Privy Council, the trial and punishment court and the minister (that is, in charge of the household department, the degree branch and the salt and iron of the three envoys), and in order to prevent fraud between the first, the implementation of the official, post, difference separation system, that is, a position often needs two or three ** coordination to cope.

2.External collection of rights. In order to prevent some possibilities for the formation of feudal towns, the "Caoxian Shuai Cang" was set up in the local area, which was in charge of the local Cao Yun, prison, military and Changping, firmly controlled the local finances in the hands of the first class, and implemented the system of separating soldiers and generals, "the impermanent division, the impermanent commander of the army", and for the stability of the first place, the forbidden army was stationed in the Beijing division, and then stationed in the place according to the order of the box army, the township soldiers, and the feudal soldiers.

Through the above measures, the bureaucracy of the Song Dynasty was seriously expanded, and the disadvantages were not revealed in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.

Some people also believe that the phenomenon of redundant officials in the Song Dynasty was caused by the separation of official positions. However, I would like to say that all dynasties have had redundant officials, but other dynasties may not have a system of separation of official posts, and the system of separation of official posts is not the main reason for redundant officials. The main reason for the bloated bureaucracy and redundant bureaucracy was the ancestral law of the Song Taizu and Zhao Kuangyin who formulated the "Grace and Shade System".

This is also one of the backgrounds of Song Shenzong's determination to use Wang Anshi to implement the law change.

Bao Zheng is the Yin of Kaifeng Mansion, and then he will be given a secretary to cover him, to see if he dares to kill Chen Shimei. **It's not a big deal to increase the financial burden, print more money, and use silver as currency to go out and nail it in your pocket. In particular, Zhang Yuan, in the three battles between the founding of the Western Xia and the Northern Song Dynasty, the Battle of Sanchuan Village, the Battle of Haoshuichuan, and the Battle of Dingchuan Village, gave advice to Li Yuanhao many times, which made the Song Dynasty suffer a lot, and also had many suggestions for the establishment of the Western Xia State.

An official is a rank, and a position is a position of real power. There are officials without positions, and the annual income is only enough to support the family. Only by having an official position can one's income be acceptable and support one's family is not a problem, and second, one's ability can be brought into play.

<> so-called official dispatch, official is a fictitious title, which only indicates the official position and the level of the salary. Rank is an honorary title for civil officials. Dispatch refers to the actual position of **, such as the title is Shangshu, and he is sent to serve as Zhizhou, and Zhizhou is the real position, because the demise of any dynasty is not overnight, let alone caused by a certain reason, it can be said that the demise requires a process, which may be fast or slow, and the cause of extinction is caused by the interweaving of various reasons.

Blindly expanding the imperial examinations. As we all know, the Song Dynasty was a prosperous era of literati, and it was known as the dynasty that scholars wanted to go to the most. In the Song Taizu era, the scale of each session was similar to that of the Tang Dynasty, and 120 people above the county level needed to be supported.

The situation may be more serious, because in ancient times "imperial power did not go to the countryside", and the countryside was usually managed by the gentry, while the urbanization rate in the Song Dynasty was about 20%.

Because Zhao Kuangyin started by seizing military power at that time, he was worried that others would also rebel against his rule, so he adopted a system to control it.

The serious phenomenon of redundant officials in the Northern Song Dynasty was due to the promotion system and the almost overflowing grace system in the Northern Song Dynasty. In particular, the conditions for the assessment of promotion are not to see who is better, but to see who makes fewer mistakes, which has caused many inaction.

To sum up, I think Zhao Kuangyin should be responsible for the redundant soldiers and redundant expenses of the Song Dynasty.

Zhao Kuangyin, Taizu of the Song Dynasty, in order to prevent the phenomenon of separating feudal towns in the Tang Dynasty, implemented reforms, and the Song Dynasty formed redundant officials and redundant troops, and began to divide power internally and collect power externally.

Ideology and culture will have a certain impact on the country's economy and politics. The Song Dynasty prevailed in science, it was the peak period of the development of Cheng Zhu's science, the country emphasized literature over military force, and civil officials were the backbone of the imperial court bureaucracy, and there would be mistakes in some decisions, which was also one of the reasons for redundant officials and redundant soldiers, but there were other reasons, so the specific responsible object did not exist.

The redundant officials and redundant soldiers of the Song Dynasty were mainly to prevent one person from having too much power, and the main reason for this was because Zhao Kuangyin was worried that someone would launch the Chenqiao Mutiny again, so Zhao Kuangyin should be responsible for this.

In fact, there is no way to do it, no dynasty is willing to raise so many idlers, the reason why the Song Dynasty became like this, or to blame the Song Dynasty system, because the Song Dynasty in order to consolidate the imperial power, they thought of a soldier, the system of separation of powers, although this system consolidates the imperial power very well, but there are many more positions, so the Song Dynasty will have so many idle officials. <>

In fact, this system is Zhao Kuangyin.

brought it up because Zhao Kuangyin was originally just a general, and later his subordinates put on the imperial robe.

Draped on him, he naturally became the emperor, he was afraid that the dynasty he established would be replaced by others in the future, so Zhao Kuangyin thought of the system of separation of military power, he also wanted to consolidate his imperial power through this system, because he knew how easy it was for a general with real power to rebel. <>

In order to consolidate the imperial power, Zhao Kuangyin opened two departments, one was the Privy Council.

The other is the temple division.

The Privy Council can mobilize the army, but can not command the army, and the front division of the palace can command the army, but does not have the right to mobilize the army, so it is indeed able to avoid a certain department or a certain person has too much power, but this also has many drawbacks, such as this leads to the Song Dynasty army's combat effectiveness is not strong, and there is the original one department can do things for two departments to do, which undoubtedly increases a lot of jobs, and raises a lot of idlers. <>

After that, this system gradually affected other departments, and many things that could have been completed by one department were also completed by two departments, but it was legal to do so, so there were more and more ** in the Song Dynasty.

After that, Fan Zhongyan.

saw the shortcomings of the Song Dynasty system, so he came up with two ways to change the situation at that time, but Fan Zhongyan's strength was too weak to fight against this deep-rooted system, although it hit the system to a certain extent, but it could not really change, and finally these idle officials continued until the fall of the Song Dynasty.

Because the Song Dynasty emphasized literature over military force, it rarely had wars with other countries, the common people lived and worked in peace and contentment, and there was more wealth in society.

Because the Song Dynasty was mainly to consolidate its imperial power and set up a system of separation of powers, it led to a lot of idle officials in the Song Dynasty.

In the middle and late Song Dynasty, the imperial court was already a mansion in the air, and its corruption level was already the smell of Zhumen's wine and meat, and the road had frozen bones, and the people's taxes were seriously unable to meet the upper class.

Although the phenomenon of redundant officials in the Song Dynasty was serious, this was the policy of the Song Dynasty since the founding of the People's Republic of China.

Because such a bureaucratic system has been accumulated over many years, it is very difficult to change it, and if you don't raise idle officials, it will touch the interests of many people, so this is the case.