Is gum disease in fruit trees harmful? How to prevent it?

Fruit tree gum disease, also known as verrucous skin disease, resin disease, is a common disease that harms peach, apricot, plum, cherry and other stone fruit trees, especially in the case of rough management of orchards and weak tree growth, the incidence rate is more than 95%. The disease weakens the quality of the trees and affects orchard yields. The following are the prevention and control methods of gum disease in fruit trees:

Improve the momentum of trees and improve the disease resistance of trees: apply more organic fertilizer on diseased trees, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer appropriately, and adjust nitrogen fertilizer in the middle and late stages. Reasonable pruning, reasonable loading, adjusting the relationship between growth and fruiting, maintaining stable tree potential, preventing other pests and diseases, especially eggplant stem pests and diseases, reducing pests and diseases and mechanical damage.

Orchards with thick soil drain and improve the soil during the rainy season.

Strengthen the prevention of a variety of drying spoilage and rot diseases. timely control of longhorn beetle, gidding insect and other borer pests; At the end of autumn, the stems and large branches are painted white, which can remove the source of overwintering bacteria, insect pests, winter garden disinfection, remove gelatin, and the lower part of the decay. For latex, scrape it clean with a knife.

The blackened parts of the cortex and xylem are first scraped off the milk, then blackened, and the decaying tissues are scraped clean. Draw a few lines with a knife and then apply with a liquid penetrant (silicon, etc.) of Melaan 30 50 times (the smeared area must be greater than 1 2 times the affected area). It can also be disinfected with 4 5 Baumé stone sulfur mixture.

In severe cases, apply again every 7-10 days.

From March to mid-April is the period of germ bomb killing, and from May to early June and early August to early September are the two peak periods of infectious preschool education, and suitable for pesticide prevention and control are selected before each peak period.

At the beginning of the disease, 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate 4000 5000 times solution, sprayed 1 time, 2 3 times every 7 days, methyl tobuzhen 1000 1500 times solution, sprayed 1 time every 10 days, 3 4 times. During the vigorous growth period of peach trees (May-June), use 70% Omori Zinc Wet Powder 500 times or 600 times 50% Ultra Microcarbendazim Wet Powder, spray once every 7 10 days, 3 4 times, it is best to alternate these pesticides. Chemoprevention and agricultural preventionIn addition, if the above prevention is not ideal, it may be a Japanese cyst infestation, and the prevention effect is very good.

The time of application, the infusion flow period, and the Jincheng area are in mid to late March, which is the critical period for the onset and prevention of Confucianism. There is also a method of application, which is to apply quicklime to the Confucian part of the bottle of water, or to put quicklime powder in a bag and apply it to the oil glue. Serious wood is best to scrape the bottle, dry glue, old **, and then smear.

Depending on the weather, it is best to easily get on quicklime powder when the viscosity of the adhesive flowing out of the bark is high due to rain, humidity, and tree bark. After application, the glue will stop for 5-7 days, the symptoms will disappear, it will not **, simple and effective.

In summary, fruit tree gum disease can be prevented by the above means to reduce unnecessary losses.

It is necessary to regularly clean up pests and diseases, regularly sprinkle pesticides on fruit trees, and use quicklime to smear on the pectin of fruit trees. I recommend finding a professional to prescribe the right medicine, because this can accurately know the condition of the fruit tree and help the fruit tree recover.

The better control method is that you can spray some drugs, you can fertilize the fruit trees, you can carry out pest control work on the fruit trees, you can deworm the fruit trees, and you can also put some insect repellent drugs around the fruit trees.

Strengthen tree management, prune scientifically, spray pesticides for prevention and control, and prevent pests at any time when gum disease occurs. It is recommended to spray pesticides**, which can effectively alleviate the gum disease of fruit trees.

Dry coating treatment: For physiological diseases, dry coating twice in late autumn and early summer. Baume 5 degree stone sulfur mixture + fresh cow dung + fresh lime can be used to paint the trunk, or use bud powder to prepare tung oil, and paint on the main trunk and main branches of peach trees to reduce pest and disease infection and radiation heat hazards, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of flow gum disease.

Gum disease, also known as verrucous skin disease and resin disease, harms peach, apricot, plum, cherry, plum, plum and other stone fruits and some landscaping trees, is a common disease, and the incidence is serious. In particular, the incidence rate of orchards and trees with weak tree strength is more than 95%, and the disease will weaken the tree strength after the disease, affect the yield and ornamental effect of the orchard, and cause the destruction of dead trees.

It is a common physiological disease. Bacteria invade from wounds, pest and disease wounds, frost damage and other parts, causing gelatinization at the wound site, or extensive management, excessive pruning, excessive nitrogen fertilizer, clay soil, etc., so that the tree body has physiological disorders, and gelatinization occurs in the fruit and skin pores. They overwinter on diseased branches with mycelium and conidia, and spread by wind and rain from March to mid-April of the following year, mainly through wounds, skin holes and lateral buds.

In particular, a large number of germs that spill over in rainy days flow or splash along the branches and invade on the new shoots, and the activity of latent bacteria is related to temperature.

When the temperature is about 15 degrees Celsius, the disease part flows out of the gum under the conditions of less sunshine, continuous rain and high humidity, and with the increase of temperature, the gum flow of the tree increases, and the disease occurs. The optimal conditions for bacterial growth are PDA medium and 25-30. Wound smear:

For fruit trees with slight disease, the flow gum is scraped first, and then applied many times with the corresponding agent, and the general application time is the first day. Fruit trees with severe disease are first scraped off the flowing gum, then scraped off the brown and rotten tissues, and finally applied with liquid medicine and silicone several times at intervals of 2-3 days.

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Control through water and fertilizer management, or spraying pesticides, can also be treated with equipment, or the use of quicklime, can also be controlled by means of film control, these methods are effective.

It is necessary to choose a relatively fertile sandy soil for planting, prevent and control insect pests in time, clean the rotten branches and dead leaves, use quicklime for prevention and control, and scrape clean with a knife in the rotten place.

It is necessary to scrape it all clean with a knife, to use some chemicals to remove, to apply some quicklime, and to use a film for prevention and control. It is also necessary to ventilate in a timely manner.

Gum disease is the most important branch disease of peach, apricot, plum, cherry, etc., which is generally divided into two types of wax, physiological gum flow and infectious gum flow.

One. Disease. 1.

Physiological flow gel: The key occurs on the main stem and main branches. After the rain, the shellac and oxygen contact into a brown hard amber gum block, after being infected by saprophytic bacteria, the diseased part turns brown and rots, resulting in the tree becoming weaker and weaker, the situation is serious and leading to the death of the tree, the rainy season is seriously ill, the old tree is seriously diseased, and the juvenile tree is lightly diseased.

2.Infective gum flowing: a key damage to branches.

The fungus infects the branches of the year, mostly from the scar and the side buds, the occurrence of the nodulous bulge with the skin hole as the core, the year does not flow gum, with the characteristics of ambush infection, the second year of the tumor skin cracks and overflows the viscosity, the surface of the disease in the middle and late stages of the disease grows a lot of fusiform or annular black spots, there are 2 peak hours in 1 year, 1 time from early to mid-May to early to mid-June, 1 time from mid-to-late August to early to mid-September, which is also the biggest difference with physiological flow code chain glue.

Two. Comprehensive preventive measures.

According to the above situation and the regularity of concurrency, the prevention of the disease in the actual production should be dominated by the prevention of agriculture and animal husbandry and the prevention of late renting by manpower, and the chemical prevention should be assisted, and the key control of chemical prevention is to control the drift of spores and the invasion of spores in the two peak periods. The specific methods are as follows.

1.Continuously strengthen cultivation and management methods, improve tree strength, and enhance the disease resistance of fruit trees.

Apply more organic fertilizer to diseased trees, and apply phosphorus appropriately. Potash fertilizer, control basal fertilizer in the second half of the period. Effective pruning, payload, harmonious growth and fruiting divergence, maintain a stable tree momentum.

In the rainy season, it is necessary to do a good job of drainage and reduce the humidity of the Taoyuan environment. Moderate summer pruning, improve ventilation and semi-transparent standards, and at the same time prevent other pests, especially fruit tree branch insect pests, and reduce pest wounds and mechanical wounds.

2.Solve the source of overwintering bacteria: carry out soil disinfection and sterilization from December to January in the coldest month, scrape off the flow gum lump and the decaying skin and wood below, concentrate and burn it, and then spray the traditional Chinese medicine fungicide Liangguoan 600 times liquid + 600-800 times liquid + organic silicon for the special type of flow gum disease, solve the overwintering fungus source and insect eggs, and at the same time prevent frost damage and daily burning.

3.Before the fruit tree sprouts, the trunk is sprayed with the traditional Chinese medicine fungicide Liangguoan 600 times liquid + silicone to eliminate active germs.

Be sure to pay attention to the soil, there is to water and fertilize in time, you should also pay attention to the timely use of pesticides and fungicides, and the bright pie is to pay attention to ventilation, but also pay attention to the light time button, and you should also use some professional agents.

You can use drug spraying to prevent and control the ruin, you can also regularly prune weeds, and you can also go out of the city regularly. Water regularly as well. Also loosen the soil regularly. It is also possible to spray some pesticides.

<> infectious flow gum: fruit trees are infected by some fungi, bacteria and pests, resulting in dry rot and rot of fruit trees, so fruit trees will have multiple bleeding gum phenomenon. Non-infectious flow gel:

There are wounds on the branches of fruit trees, such as those caused by mechanical damage, sunburn, heavy pruning, etc., so the fruit trees will have the phenomenon of gum flow. Physiological factors: poor affinity between soil and rootstock; Improper fertilization, poor drainage, excessive fruiting, etc.

1. What is the cause of fruit tree gum flow?

1. Infective flow gum: fruit trees have been harmed by pests and diseases (such as fungi, bacteria and some pests), resulting in dry rot, rot, outbreak of scab and other conditions on fruit trees, so there will be many places on fruit trees.

2. Non-infectious gum flow: The branches of fruit trees are injured, such as wounds caused by mechanical damage, sunburn, excessive pruning, pesticide damage and other factors, so fruit trees will have gum flow.

3. Physiological factors: poor affinity between soil and rootstock, or due to improper fertilization (such as the application of unrotted farm manure or excessive application of chemical fertilizer), poor drainage, excessive fruiting and other factors, resulting in gum flow of fruit trees.

Second, how to prevent and control

1. Choose sandy loam land with high terrain and fertile soil to build a garden, and at the same time strengthen the management of water and fertilizer to enhance the tree's potential and improve its disease resistance.

2. Timely prevention and control of longhorn beetle, gidding insect and other dry-boring pests, in late autumn can be painted white on the trunk and large branches, in order to eliminate the source of fungus and insect over winter, and the garden should be planted in time in winter.

3. Scrape the flow glue with a knife, and then scrape off the blackened and rotten tissues, apply the stone sulfur mixture (4-5 Baumé) after scraping, if the situation is more serious, you can apply it again after 7-10 days.

4. Apply quicklime to the trunk during the sap flow period, and if it is in the Jincheng area, it can be smeared in mid to late March.

5. Spray with 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate (4000-5000 times liquid) at the early stage of the disease, spray once every 7 days, and spray 2-3 times continuously; Alternatively, methyl tobuzine (1000-1500 times the solution) can be sprayed, sprayed once every 10 days, and sprayed 3-4 times continuously.

<> scrape off the hard lumps of the glue on the fruit trees and the rotten skin layer at the lower part of the trunk, and then take them out of the orchard and burn them together, and then spray the fruit trees with traditional Chinese medicine fungicides; Or scrape off the flow gum on the fruit tree and disinfect it with Baume 4-5 degrees of stone sulfur mixture at the wound site, and in good weather, you can also use the medical purple medicine limb imitation swim water to apply it to the gelatin part of the fruit tree and the wound, and the effect will be better if you apply it once after 10 days.

The specific measures are as follows.

1. Cultivate a robust tree: apply more organic fertilizer, implement the combination of inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer, combine a large number of elements N, P, K with medium and trace elements, and apply fertilizer formula. Timely irrigation and drainage should especially be irrigated with frozen water, fertilizing the soil, loosening the soil, and enhancing the ability of the tree to resist flow gum.

2. Eliminate the source of overwintering bacteria: from December to January in the coldest month, the garden is cleaned and disinfected, the rotten skin and wood of the hard block and its lower part are scraped off, and the rotten skin and wood are burned together, and then sprayed with traditional Chinese medicine fungicide.

3. Before the peach tree germinates, spray traditional Chinese medicine fungicides on the tree body to kill active germs.

4. The prevention and control test of the flow gum disease of peach and apricot and plum fruit trees was carried out by using the special drug of Chinese herbal medicine for flow gum disease.

1. Strengthen fertilizer and water management, increase the application of organic fertilizer of 40-80 kg per acre, peach trees are drought tolerant, suitable for planting in loose soil, and spray 1000 times of liquid sterilization and disinfection in a timely manner. Before the flower dew is red, apply stone sulfur mixture to apply the branch to clear the garden, and you can also use 10,000 to 20,000 times of brassinin water agent to enhance the tree potential and improve disease resistance.

2. Master the new management technology of scientific pruning, pay attention to the timely thinning and retraction of the growing season, prune less thinning in winter, reduce the wounds of the branches, and apply callus antiseptic film on the pruned wounds in time to protect the wound from the infection of external bacteria, and effectively prevent and control the decay of the wound. Pay attention to thinning flowers and fruits to reduce the load.

3. Prevent timely medication in the growing season from April to May, spray 1000 times 70% methyl tobuzine wettable powder every 10-15 days, or 800 times 72% frost urea manganese zinc wettable powder, or 43% tebuconazole suspension 5000 times, or 10% difenoconazole water dispersion 5000 times, with 2% chunleimycin water 800 times foliar spray.

4. Use 500 times of 2% spring thundercin aqueous agent, or add 10,000 times of 40% streptomycin wettable powder to spray evenly in the field, and apply 300 times 2% spring leimycin aqueous agent with streptomycin after scraping off the disease spots of serious trees, which can be very good for peach tree gum.