Ancient China s achievements in science, what are the important scientific and technological achieve

The four major inventions are enough, as well as textiles, iron smelting, weapons, and so on.

I'm glad to answer your question, the Chinese civilization is brilliant, there are many scientific and technological achievements, first of all, China's four major inventions, papermaking, compass, gunpowder, movable type printing, are ahead of other countries for hundreds or even thousands of years, as well as pi, accurate to the decimal point of 12 to 14 places, hundreds of years ahead of Western countries, as well as the **** geodynamic instrument, the work of curing diseases, think of the Yellow Emperor's Neijing, typhoid theory, Compendium of Materia Medica, etc. are all national treasures, as well as iron smelting, copper smelting, ceramics, Textile and other technologies are one of the ancient civilizations of our country, and there are many scientific achievements, which will not be listed one by one, I hope it will help you!

Ancient Chinese science and technology originated from life, and life requires a variety of practical technologies. Papermaking, printing, textile, ceramics, smelting and casting, architecture and other inventions that the Chinese are proud of all bear a distinct practical imprint. However, the times are advancing, and the ancient practical technology that was once widely used has long been lost or is disappearing today, and we need to restore and reproduce it with modern technical means, and reveal and elaborate with today's scientific principles.

In addition to the four major inventions of papermaking, compass, gunpowder, and printing, they have played a great role in the world's scientific and technological progress.

There are also waterproof compartments and balance rudders on sea ships, the prototype of ships - vehicles and ships, armillary spheres for astronomy, ancient taxis - Jili drum cars, deep well technology of Sichuan artesian wells and so on. There are many scientific and technological inventions, and there is no theoretical summary of the main problems.

The first thing that comes to mind must be the four major inventions: printing, papermaking, gunpowder, and the compass.

I'm glad to come to my answer area, what are the important scientific and technological achievements of ancient China? First, the penultimate one, the compass is the third, I want the fourth, in addition to the four major inventions of printing, there are also trial iron smelting ceramics and textiles, etc., as well as a magnetic globe, one of the few ancient inventions in our country, I hope I can bring you some happiness (

Important scientific and technological achievements in ancient China include the compass, papermaking, geokinetic instrument, gunpowder, printing, etc.

The four major inventions are important scientific and technological achievements.

Do you still need to ask? Papermaking! Fireworks, these are all very strong. Inventions! There is also the fact that the compass ** instrument was invented in ancient times in China.

Four major inventions: papermaking, gunpowder, 3D printing.

1. Achievements in the astronomical calendar: The ancient Chinese calendar adopts the lunisolar calendar, that is, the sun's movement cycle is used as the year, the moon's cycle is used as the month, and the leap month is used to coordinate the relationship between the year and the month. According to the changes in the position of the sun in a year and the resulting evolution of the surface climate, the ancients divided the year into 24 segments and listed them in 12 months to reflect the four seasons, temperature, phenology, etc.

The Xia Dynasty calendar was the earliest calendar in China, and the months were determined according to the direction of the handle of the Big Dipper. Xia Xiaozheng, preserved in the "Da Dai Li Ji", is an important document about the "Xia calendar" that exists, and is the earliest astronomical calendar work in China.

2. Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in China, which was invented in the Western Han Dynasty of the Han Dynasty and improved in the Eastern Han Dynasty of the Han Dynasty. Papermaking, especially the papermaking technique improved by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty (also known as "Caihou paper"), is a revolution in writing materials, which is easy to carry and widely used, and promotes the cultural development of China, Arabia, Europe and even the whole world.

3. The compass is the result of the long-term practice of the ancient Chinese working people on the magnetism of magnets. As one of the four great inventions of ancient China, its invention has played an immeasurable role in the development of human science and technology and civilization. In ancient China, the compass was first used for rituals, ceremonies, military affairs, divination and feng shui to determine directions.

4. Gunpowder is one of the four great inventions of China. It is a substance that can burn rapidly and regularly under the action of appropriate external energy, and at the same time generate a large amount of high-temperature gas.

In the military, it is mainly used as the propellant of guns and shells, the propellant of rockets, missiles and other driving devices, and is an important part of ammunition. An outstanding achievement in the history of human civilization. Gunpowder has become one of the important inventions of human civilization because of its lethality and deterrence, bringing human beings the role of stopping war and security defense.

5. Printing is one of the four great inventions of the working people in ancient China. Block printing was invented in the Tang Dynasty and was widely used in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. The introduction of printing technology to Europe accelerated the process of European social development, and it provided the conditions for the emergence of the Renaissance.

Marx called the invention of printing, gunpowder, and the compass "a necessary prerequisite for the development of the bourgeoisie." The printing technology invented by the Chinese provided the necessary prerequisites for the establishment of modern society.

Ancient China's scientific and technological achievements led the world in many ways. Such as the four major inventions, papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, and printing. the armillary sphere and geokinetic instrument invented by Zhang Heng in the Eastern Han Dynasty; During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Zu Chongzhi calculated the exact value of pi to seven decimal places, leading the world; Guo Shoujing of the Yuan Dynasty invented the time calendar; Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica", Song Yingxing's "Heavenly Creations", Shen Kuo's "Complete Book of Agricultural Administration" and so on, are too numerous to mention.

1. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, astronomers formulated China's first relatively complete almanac, the Taichu Calendar, and began to start with the first lunar month.

2. During the Warring States Period, the world's earliest astronomical work "Ganshi Xingjing" appeared, which has rich astronomical records, reflecting people's understanding of astronomy during that period.

3. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Heng made the earliest scientific explanation of the lunar eclipse from the different positions of the sun, moon and earth.

Ancient Chinese scientific achievements include compass, instrument, gunpowder, printing, compendium of materia medica, and papermaking, which are all famous in the world.

Such scientific achievements include papermaking, printing, textiles, ceramics, smelting, gunpowder, compass, and so on.

The scientific achievements of ancient China are represented by the four major inventions, such as papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, printing, etc., which are all recognized by the world!

Ancient Chinese astronomer Zhang Heng, mathematician Zu Chongzhi, etc.

Xiao Nian, born in 1945, graduated from the Department of Medicine of Beijing Medical University in 1969. He graduated from Peking Union Medical College in 1981. Obtained a master's degree in medicine.

1982-1983 Studied in the UK; Since April 2, 2015, he has been on a visit to Beijing Yandu Hospital; He is a medical consultant of Beijing Zhongshan Hospital, and is now a forensic doctor of sexual function in Zhongshan ** Hospital, and a member of Chongqing Institute of Prostate Diseases. ** Distinguished Expert, Honorary Professor and Chief Expert Consultant of Beijing Zhongshan Hospital.

Ancient Chinese science had four major inventions.

1. The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China.

a) Papermaking.

1.In the Western Han Dynasty, flocculent paper and hemp fiber paper appeared successively. The paper with a map unearthed in Fangmatan, Tianshui, Gansu Province, is the earliest known paper in the world.

2.Cai Lun, a eunuch in the Eastern Han Dynasty, improved papermaking in 105 to make plant fiber paper.

b) Printing.

1.The Sui and Tang dynasties have carved printed Buddhist scriptures, calendars and poems, and the earliest existing engraving prints in the world are the "Diamond Sutra" volume printed in China in 868.

2.The engraving and printing industry in the Song Dynasty was very developed, and the engraved books were neatly typed. In the middle of the 11th century, Bi Sheng of the Northern Song Dynasty invented movable type printing, 400 years earlier than Europe.

c) Compass.

1.During the Warring States period, the characteristics of the magnet guide were discovered and the "Sinan" was invented.

2.The Northern Song Dynasty already used magnetic needle compasses, and later mounted magnetic needles on compasses to make compasses for navigation.

3.During the Southern Song Dynasty, the compass was transmitted to India, Arabia, Persia and other countries, which promoted the development of navigation in various countries and provided important conditions for the opening of new shipping routes and the realization of round-the-world navigation.

iv) Gunpowder. 1.In the Tang Dynasty, gunpowder was first mentioned in the book "Zhenyuan Second Dao Essentials", and gunpowder began to be used in military affairs at the end of the Tang Dynasty.

2.During the Northern Song Dynasty, gunpowder was already widely used in the military, and Tokyo set up the "Guangbei Siege City" to manufacture gunpowder and firearms; The "General Essentials of the Martial Arts", written by Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty, records many methods of making firearms.

3.In the Song Dynasty, the "assault rifle" was invented, and the emergence of tubular firearms opened a new stage in the history of human warfare.

2. The achievements of the astronomical calendar in ancient China.

1.Spring and Autumn: In "Spring and Autumn", "in autumn and July, there are stars entering the Beidou", leaving the earliest record of Halley's Comet recognized in the world, more than 670 yuan earlier than Europe.

The calendar has formed its own fixed system, essentially establishing the principle of "seven leaps in nineteen years", 160 years before Europe.

2.Western Han Dynasty: The "Taichu Calendar" formulated by Deng Ping during the reign of Emperor Wu officially set the 24 solar terms in the calendar, clarifying the astronomical position of the 24 solar terms. The record of sunspots in the Western Han Dynasty in 28 BC was the earliest record of sunspots in the world.

3.Eastern Han Dynasty: Zhang Heng invented the armillary sphere and the geodynamic sphere (more than 1,700 years earlier than Europe).

4.Yuan Dynasty: At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the Taishi Bureau was established to compile a new calendar. Guo Shoujing improved Jianyi and Guibiao, presided over the nationwide astronomical survey, and compiled the "Chronological Calendar", which had the same annual cycle as the current Gregorian calendar, but came out 300 years earlier than the current Gregorian calendar.

3. Mathematical achievements in ancient China.

1.Western Zhou: The Pythagorean theorem is contained in the Zhou Sutra.

2.Spring and Autumn: Ninety-Nine Multiplication Table.

3.Southern Dynasties: Zu Chongzhi accurately calculated that pi was between a thousand years earlier than in Europe. He also annotated the Nine Chapters of Arithmetic.

Today, we will summarize the three parts of the four great inventions of ancient China, astronomical achievements, and mathematical achievements, and we will learn others in the future.

Ancient Chinese scientific achievements include four major inventions, gunpowder, compass, etc., as well as a geodynamic instrument.

High-spec reform G style retro estimate F is my relative's taste.

China's important scientific and technological achievements in ancient times include lacquer, jade, silkworm raising, silk reeling, block method, bamboo cultivation, tea tree cultivation, pig iron-based iron and steel smelting technology, branch cultivation (ridge method), bronze crossbow machine, stacking casting method, acupuncture, papermaking, chest strap tying method, greenhouse cultivation, jacquard machine, guide car, water mill, Xinmang copper caliper, fan car, ground motion instrument, overturning car (keel car), water row, porcelain, stirrups, engraving printing, rotating shaft rudder, watertight bulkhead, gunpowder, compass (compass), Dun drilling (well salt deep drilling and drawing technology), movable type printing, water transport instrument elephant platform, double-acting piston bellows, windmills, rockets, fire guns (tubular firearms), human pox inoculation, etc.

1. Iron and steel smelting technology based on pig iron.

The artificial iron products originally used in China were also block iron products, but pig iron smelting technology was invented early on and immediately became mainstream. The earliest known pig iron artifact, Hongjinghe, is a fragment of white-mouthed cast iron from the early and middle Spring and Autumn period (c. 8th-7th century BC) excavated from Tianma-Qucun, Yuanqu, Shanxi Province. By the 6th century BC at the latest, pig iron smelting technology had developed on a large scale, and more pig iron products appeared in the Jin-Shaanxi-Pai-Henan region in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the Wuchu region in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

2. Papermaking.

During the Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C.), China already had papermaking, and in the first year of Yuanxing in the Eastern Han Dynasty (105 years), Cai Lun improved papermaking, using bark, hemp and cloth, fish nets and other raw materials, through frustration, pounding, frying, drying and other processes to make paper, which is the origin of modern paper.

3. Guide car.

Also known as Sinan car, it is a device used to indicate the direction in ancient China. Unlike the compass, which uses geomagnetic effects, it does not use magnetism. A guide car is a simple mechanical device that uses gear transmission to point out directions.

4. Geodynamic instrument.

The geodynamic instrument is a masterpiece created by Zhang Heng, a scientist of the Eastern Han Dynasty of the Han Dynasty in China. There are eight directions of the geodynamic instrument, they are east, south, west, north, southeast, southwest, northeast, northwest, each direction has a dragon head with a dragon ball in its mouth, and there is a toad corresponding to each dragon head. If there is a ** occurrence on either side, the dragon ball contained in the dragon's mouth in that direction will fall into the toad's mouth, so that the direction of the occurrence of ** can be measured.

5. Rollover (keel car).

Keel car, that is, overturned, a kind of mechanical water lifting tool created by the Chinese working people in the Han Dynasty, a kind of wooden water wheel, the draft cover with water is connected with a wooden tenon or a ring belt to carry water, and it is mostly rotated by manpower or animal power. It was first recorded in the "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: The Biography of Zhang Rang": When the Han Dynasty presented the emperor, Bi Lan "overturned, thirsty for Wu, applied to the west of the bridge, and sprinkled the northern and southern suburbs of the road".

Most of them think that it is the improvement of Ma Jun of the Three Kingdoms.