What do the three highs and one low mean in nephrotic syndrome?

Nephrotic syndrome has very clear diagnostic criteria, usually refers to the patient's 24-hour urine protein quantification is above and the patient's plasma albumin level is less than 3g, and the two criteria are consistent, the patient can be diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Patients with nephrotic syndrome are often accompanied by significant edema and hyperlipidemia due to low urine protein and plasma albumin, so these four are called nephrotic syndrome together. However, as long as the two diagnostic criteria are met, that is, the patient's 24-hour urine protein quantification is greater than and the plasma albumin is less than 3g, which is consistent with the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome.

Although some patients have obvious hypoproteinemia, such as plasma albumin less than 2g, the level of urine protein does not reach above, which cannot be diagnosed as nephrotic syndrome. If the patient has a large amount of protein in the urine, such as 5 to 6 g, but the plasma albumin is more than 3 g, this condition is not diagnostic of nephrotic syndrome.

Nephrotic syndrome has three highs and one low. is the diagnostic criterion for nephrotic syndrome. Specifically, if the urine protein is greater than one gram per day, it is a large amount of proteinuria, which is caused by damage to the molecular barrier and charge barrier of the glomerular filtration membrane.

There are also edema, high blood lipids, and plasma albumin less than 30 g L. Nephrotic syndrome is caused by a variety of glomerular diseases of different pathological types, and is divided into two categories: primary and secondary nephrotic syndromes. To rule out secondary** and hereditary disorders to diagnose primary nephrotic syndrome, a renal biopsy is best performed to make a pathological diagnosis.

Lianke Hospital will answer for you: three highs refer to massive proteinuria, high edema, and hyperlipidemia, and one low refers to hypoproteinemia.

Nephrotic syndrome is a relatively stubborn disease, and it is very difficult in clinical practice. Nephrotic syndrome is not a disease name, it is a group of clinical symptoms caused by a variety of **, the most basic characteristics are hyperproteinuria, hypoproteinemia, edema and hyperlipidemia, which is called "three highs and one low" symptoms in clinical practice.

Three highs and one low: edema, massive proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, hypoproteinemia).

Nephrotic syndrome (nephrotic syndrome, NS) is a syndrome caused by increased glomerular basement membrane permeability caused by a variety of **, resulting in the loss of a large amount of plasma protein in the urine, and has four major clinical characteristics: Massive proteinuria (24-hour urine protein more than grams); hypoproteinemia; hypercholesterolemia; Varying degrees of edema. According to **, it can be divided into three categories: primary, secondary and congenital.

Primary nephropathy** is unknown, and according to its clinical manifestations, it is divided into simple and nephritic nephropathy type 2, among which simple nephropathy is more common. Secondary nephropathy refers to the appearance of nephropathy based on a diagnosis of the primary disease. Congenital kidney disease is an autosomal recessive disease, which usually begins in newborns or within 3 months after birth, and is severe and fatal.

If this is in Hubei, you can go to Wuhan Mingren Kidney Disease Hospital to take a look at it specifically.

A group of clinical symptoms of massive proteinuria, high edema, hyperlipidemia, and (low) hypoproteinemia.

According to the medical history you provided, the clinical manifestations of this disease are three highs and one low, three highs are obvious massive proteinuria, obvious edema, high blood lipids, and one low is low plasma protein.

Among them, the necessary conditions for the diagnosis of this disease are 24-hour urine protein greater than grams per liter and plasma protein less than 30 grams per liter. This disease needs to be based on renal puncture to determine the pathological type and choose the best regimen.

Hyperproteinuria, high-grade edema, hyperlipidemia, hypoproteinemia.

"One low" refers to hypoproteinemia, "three highs", one is a large amount of proteinuria (urine protein quantification every 24 hours), the second is high edema, in severe cases, there can be chest and abdominal effusion, pericardial effusion, etc., the third is hyperlipidemia (plasma albumin 30 g liters), of which a large amount of proteinuria, hypoproteinemia is a necessary condition for nephrotic syndrome, and one of hyperlipidemia and hyperedema can be judged as nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome is a general term for various chronic kidney diseases, which are prominent symptoms in the development of nephritis.

Patients with nephrotic syndrome will have a high degree of edema, which is due to the alternating decrease in plasma osmolality in patients with nephrotic syndrome, which causes water to enter the interstitial space from the blood vessels, which leads to the appearance of edema, which is very common in nephrotic syndrome.

It indicates that the glomerular basement membrane is damaged and cannot reabsorb protein well, and the protein is lost to the urine, and a large amount of foam can be seen. Generally, the quantitative amount of 24 hours is greater than that, which is called massive proteinuria.

It is a very common condition in nephrotic syndrome, and the cholesterol and triglycerides of hyperlipidemia patients are very high, which is due to the increase in lipoproteins synthesized by the liver, but the function of peripheral circulation decomposition is reduced, which will lead to an increase in blood lipids.

Hypoproteinemia is mainly a decrease in protein caused by insufficient intake or excessive loss of protein in the body, most of which refers to albumin, which can maintain blood volume and play a colloidal role, if albumin is obviously low, it will cause patients to have edema, general fatigue caused by reduced body immunity.