What is myoclonus, myoclonic seizures are different from clonic seizures

Suggestion: Myoclonic seizures are mostly hereditary diseases, which are short, involuntary muscle contractions, the basic characteristics of which are myoclonus, generally unconscious, and the seizures are manifested by twitching of the head and neck, limbs or trunk, which can affect part or the whole muscle, or can affect certain muscle groups or even the entire body. Relaxation immediately after tics is carried out and is usually bilateral.

In mild cases, it only manifests as facial muscles or only affects the head, hands, and upper limbs; In severe cases, the muscles of the whole body contract and a sudden fall as a result. Therefore, such patients often have scars on the forehead, the tip of the nose, and the lips. It usually occurs once in a single episode or several times in a few seconds, and there are more seizures at the time of falling asleep or just after waking up, or even persistence.

Myoclonic seizures differ from clonic seizures in that they occur for a short period of time, at long intervals, and are generally unconscious. It is often combined with other types of seizures, but is more common than large seizures. Psychiatric disorders and mental deficits are common, and the EEG at the time of the episode shows multi-spines-slow waves or spines-slow waves without a fixed frequency.

At present, it is believed that different planes of the cerebral cortex, gray matter, brainstem, cerebellum and spinal cord can cause myoclonus, among which the reticular structure of the lower part of the brainstem, especially the giant cell nuclear discharge of the brain, is of greatest significance in the pathogenesis, in addition, it may also be secondary to brain diseases, such as nervous system degeneration, traumatic brain injury, infection, etc.

1. Ruling out genetic possibilities.

Second, find out what causes myoclonic seizures, and third, find a regular hospital or traditional Chinese medicine ** conditioning.

Fourth, find some medical books to popularize myoclonic seizures and know the precautions and panic inferiority complex Fifth, take the medicine on time and cooperate** I hope it will help you.

Myoclonus: It is a sudden, short, tremor-like muscle contraction, which can symmetrically involve bilateral muscle groups, manifesting as a flash-like shaking of the whole body, or a beating of the face, a limb, or individual muscle groups; Occurs individually or in successive clusters, with frequent seizures during morning awakening or sleep, and is seen in idiopathic epilepsy with a good prognosis (eg, benign myoclonic epilepsy in infants) and diffuse brain damage epilepsy syndrome with a poor prognosis (eg, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome), with eeg typically spiny during seizures. slow wave; Clonic seizures:

Occurs only in infants and young children, and is characterized by a compound clonic jerk with loss of consciousness and no prior tonic phase; EEG changes lack specific slag culture.

Answer]: A1) Ethosuximide is only effective for small seizures of absence from the mind, so the answer to question (1) is B; (2) Sodium valproate has a certain therapeutic effect on various types of seizures, the efficacy of complex partial seizures is similar to carbamazepine, the efficacy of atypical petit mal seizures is not as good as clonazepam, and it may sometimes be effective for intractable epilepsy that cannot be controlled by other drugs, so the answer to question (2) is e; (3) Nitrazepam has a good effect on myoclonic epilepsy, atypical small naixin seizures and infantile spasms, so the answer to question (3) is A; (4) Primidone is metabolized into phenobarbital and phenylethylmalondiamide in the body, so the answer to question (4) is C: (5) Magnesium sulfate is an anticonvulsant, not an antiepileptic drug, so the answer to question (5) is D.

Sleep myoclonus (also known as nocturnal muscle twitches) is a condition in which the muscles unconsciously contract or twitch in the sleeping Heng family. Here are some common manifestations of sleep myoclonus:

Sudden muscle twitching: During the sleep onset stage or during sleep, you may feel a sudden muscle twitch or spasm. These tics may last anywhere from a few seconds to a few minutes.

Limb twitching: Sleep myoclonus usually occurs in muscle groups, especially leg muscles (such as calf muscles). As a result, you may feel involuntary twitching or contraction of your legs or other limbs.

Wakefulness or interfere with sleep: Myoclonus may cause you to wake up from sleep or interfere with sleep quality. This can lead to sleep disruption and sleep deprivation.

May be accompanied by pain: In some cases, myoclonus may be accompanied by some degree of pain or discomfort.

It is important to note that sleep myoclonus is usually benign and does not require special treatment. Thank you.

Myoclonic epilepsy generally occurs in adolescents, and myoclonic epilepsy is a benign primary generalized epilepsy that accounts for epilepsy cases.

It occurs mainly during adolescence and is genetically related and has no sex differences. Seizures are mainly single or repetitive, irregular, irregular myoclonic tics involving the extensor muscles dorsal of both shoulders, and a few can also involve the lower extremities.

The seizure characteristics of the base body myoclonus caused by different ** are different, and they are mainly divided into axial myoclonus and migratory myoclonus.

1. Axial myoclonus: the seizures mainly involve the bilateral neck, trunk, shoulder and proximal muscles of the upper limbs, and the clinical manifestations are nodding, leaning back or twitching of the shoulders and arms on both sides, resulting in the patient's unstable movements or falling objects, and the lower limbs are involved, and the patient may have standing or unsteady gait, cataplexy, and even falls.

2. Walking myoclonus: the clinical manifestation is postural tremor or motor myoclonus, that is, stereotyped rhythmic movement or myoclonic shaking when trying to do fine movements, and the distal limbs are obvious. Muscle twitching is often subtle and even subtle to the naked eye.

People often associate it with foaming at the mouth, falling to the ground and convulsing, but not all people with epilepsy experience this phenomenon. Seizures are varied, and many people with epilepsy have symptoms that are not as obvious as mentioned above, such as myoclonic seizures in people with epilepsy.

1. Myoclonic seizures are relatively common in children and adolescents with epilepsy, and mostly occur shortly after waking up in the morning;

2. During myoclonus, the patient can show sudden, rapid and powerful twitching of a certain part of the body, mainly caused by the sudden contraction of the muscles in these parts;

3. According to the tics of different parts, the patient can show a sudden nodding, bending or leaning back, or the whole body can suddenly lean back or fall to one side, and some patients can only show a little excitement;

4. When the patient falls down in myoclonic seizure, his hands will not help the ground, and there is generally no aura before the attack, so some patients will often bruise their forehead or jaw due to the sudden lowering of their head;

5. If the muscles of the limbs contract suddenly, it is often manifested as a sudden shaking of the limbs, and the things in the hands will also fall out;

6. When the patient has myoclonic seizures, he does not lose consciousness before and after the tic, and can stand up quickly after falling. Sometimes a myoclonus seizure is followed by a few seconds or minutes later, several times in a row, and in some patients it can be as many as dozens of seizures a day;

7. Myoclonus seizures are often combined with other types of seizures.

However, it should be noted that normal people may also have myoclonus, such as sudden shaking of limbs after falling asleep at night, and some even wake up due to sudden shaking, which is normal and physiological, and should be distinguished from epilepsy.